一、词汇运用
1. Now some young people would like to stay
2. Do you know why Mr Li is
3. The famous singer showed her
4. My
5. After the cleaning, our group
6. The history of qipao dates from the early twentieth
7. Mr Peterson has worked in the
8. Thomas Edison was one of the greatest
9. We are sure that these new
10. Mr Lu built the website by
1. Now some young people would like to stay
single
(单身的) all their life.2. Do you know why Mr Li is
against
(反对) my plan?3. The famous singer showed her
talent
(天资) for singing at a young age.4. My
lifetime
(终身的) dream is to travel around the world and eat all kinds of tasty food.5. After the cleaning, our group
returned
(归还) all the tools to the facility room.6. The history of qipao dates from the early twentieth
century
(世纪).7. Mr Peterson has worked in the
print
(印刷行业) for over 20 years.8. Thomas Edison was one of the greatest
inventors
(invent) in the world.9. We are sure that these new
findings
(find) of medicine can save millions of lives.10. Mr Lu built the website by
himself
(he) without others' help.答案
1. single 2. against 3. talent 4. lifetime 5. returned
6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
解析
【分析】
这是一道英语词汇运用填空题,解题时需结合句子结构、语境及语法规则,根据括号内的中文提示或所给单词,填写正确的单词形式。具体步骤:1. 分析每个句子的成分,确定所需单词的词性;2. 若给出中文提示,匹配对应的英语单词,确保词性符合句子要求;3. 若给出单词,需根据句子时态、单复数、固定搭配等规则转换为正确形式,如动词变过去式、名词变复数、人称代词变反身代词等。
【解析】
1. stay为系动词,后接形容词作表语,“单身的”对应形容词single,故填single;
2. 固定搭配be against表示“反对”,故填against;
3. 固定短语show talent for表示“展现……的天资”,“天资”对应名词talent,故填talent;
4. 此处需形容词修饰名词dream,“终身的”对应lifetime,故填lifetime;
5. 句子描述过去发生的动作,“归还”的动词过去式为returned,故填returned;
6. “世纪”对应名词century,twentieth后接单数名词,故填century;
7. “印刷行业”对应名词print,构成固定表达in the print industry,故填print;
8. one of后接可数名词复数,所给动词invent对应的名词“发明家”为inventor,复数形式为inventors,故填inventors;
9. 此处需名词,所给动词find对应的名词“发现物”为finding,these后接复数形式,故填findings;
10. 固定搭配by oneself表示“独自”,主语为Mr Lu,对应反身代词himself,故填himself。
【答案】
1. single 2. against 3. talent 4. lifetime 5. returned 6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础词汇运用题,涵盖多种词性考查,涉及固定搭配、时态、名词复数等语法知识点,侧重检验学生对核心词汇的词义及形式变化的掌握,难度适中,是英语学习中常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道英语词汇运用填空题,解题时需结合句子结构、语境及语法规则,根据括号内的中文提示或所给单词,填写正确的单词形式。具体步骤:1. 分析每个句子的成分,确定所需单词的词性;2. 若给出中文提示,匹配对应的英语单词,确保词性符合句子要求;3. 若给出单词,需根据句子时态、单复数、固定搭配等规则转换为正确形式,如动词变过去式、名词变复数、人称代词变反身代词等。
【解析】
1. stay为系动词,后接形容词作表语,“单身的”对应形容词single,故填single;
2. 固定搭配be against表示“反对”,故填against;
3. 固定短语show talent for表示“展现……的天资”,“天资”对应名词talent,故填talent;
4. 此处需形容词修饰名词dream,“终身的”对应lifetime,故填lifetime;
5. 句子描述过去发生的动作,“归还”的动词过去式为returned,故填returned;
6. “世纪”对应名词century,twentieth后接单数名词,故填century;
7. “印刷行业”对应名词print,构成固定表达in the print industry,故填print;
8. one of后接可数名词复数,所给动词invent对应的名词“发明家”为inventor,复数形式为inventors,故填inventors;
9. 此处需名词,所给动词find对应的名词“发现物”为finding,these后接复数形式,故填findings;
10. 固定搭配by oneself表示“独自”,主语为Mr Lu,对应反身代词himself,故填himself。
【答案】
1. single 2. against 3. talent 4. lifetime 5. returned 6. century 7. print 8. inventors 9. findings 10. himself
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础词汇运用题,涵盖多种词性考查,涉及固定搭配、时态、名词复数等语法知识点,侧重检验学生对核心词汇的词义及形式变化的掌握,难度适中,是英语学习中常见的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.6
二、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语,在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次
what success journey depend on in order not to
Everyone is born with the ability to learn, but how well you learn 1.
Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain (大脑) is more active and it is easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 3.
It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way to study. For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps. They also look for ways to review (复习) 4.
Learning is a lifelong 5.
what success journey depend on in order not to
Everyone is born with the ability to learn, but how well you learn 1.
depends on
your learning habits. Research shows that 2. successful
learners have some good habits in common.Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain (大脑) is more active and it is easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 3.
In order not to
get bored, good learners often connect (把……联系起来) what they need to learn with something interesting.It is not enough to just study hard. Good learners know the best way to study. For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps. They also look for ways to review (复习) 4.
what
they have learned.Learning is a lifelong 5.
journey
, because every day brings something new. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely.答案
1. depends on 2. successful 3. In order not to 4. what 5. journey
解析
【分析】
本题为选词填空,需结合句子结构、语法规则及语境选择方框内单词/短语并调整正确形式。解题思路:1. 分析第一空主语为单数概念,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式;2. 第二空修饰名词需用形容词;3. 第三空表目的用固定短语,且位于句首需大写;4. 第四空引导宾语从句作宾语;5. 第五空由形容词修饰需用名词。
【解析】
1. 主语“how well you learn”为单数,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数,故将depend on变为depends on;
2. 此处修饰名词learners,需用success的形容词形式successful;
3. 结合语境表目的“为了不”,固定短语In order not to符合,句首首字母大写;
4. 空格引导宾语从句,在从句中作learned的宾语,指代所学内容,用what;
5. 形容词lifelong后接名词,journey符合“终身旅程”的语境。
【答案】
1. depends on 2. successful 3. In order not to 4. what 5. journey
【知识点】
动词形式变化、形容词用法、宾语从句引导词
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的正确运用,需结合语法知识和上下文逻辑调整单词形式,是初中英语常见基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为选词填空,需结合句子结构、语法规则及语境选择方框内单词/短语并调整正确形式。解题思路:1. 分析第一空主语为单数概念,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式;2. 第二空修饰名词需用形容词;3. 第三空表目的用固定短语,且位于句首需大写;4. 第四空引导宾语从句作宾语;5. 第五空由形容词修饰需用名词。
【解析】
1. 主语“how well you learn”为单数,一般现在时谓语用第三人称单数,故将depend on变为depends on;
2. 此处修饰名词learners,需用success的形容词形式successful;
3. 结合语境表目的“为了不”,固定短语In order not to符合,句首首字母大写;
4. 空格引导宾语从句,在从句中作learned的宾语,指代所学内容,用what;
5. 形容词lifelong后接名词,journey符合“终身旅程”的语境。
【答案】
1. depends on 2. successful 3. In order not to 4. what 5. journey
【知识点】
动词形式变化、形容词用法、宾语从句引导词
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的正确运用,需结合语法知识和上下文逻辑调整单词形式,是初中英语常见基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
— That’s great! But remember: “
A.Talent
B.Drive
C.Trouble
D.Score
A
)1. — Mom, my teacher says I have a special ability for music!— That’s great! But remember: “
A
is nothing without hard work.”A.Talent
B.Drive
C.Trouble
D.Score
答案
1.A
解析
【分析】这是一道英语名词词义辨析题,需结合对话语境选择合适的单词。对话中孩子提到自己有音乐天赋,妈妈回应“很棒,但要记住:没有努力,________就什么都不是”,核心是体现“天赋”与努力的关联,需选对应含义的名词。
【解析】先明确各选项词义:A.Talent意为“天赋”;B.Drive意为“动力”;C.Trouble意为“麻烦”;D.Score意为“分数”。结合语境,句子表达“没有努力,天赋就毫无价值”的逻辑,符合语境的是A选项。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析,语境理解
【点评】本题考查基础名词词义,结合对话语境即可快速选出答案,属于英语基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】先明确各选项词义:A.Talent意为“天赋”;B.Drive意为“动力”;C.Trouble意为“麻烦”;D.Score意为“分数”。结合语境,句子表达“没有努力,天赋就毫无价值”的逻辑,符合语境的是A选项。
【答案】A
【知识点】名词词义辨析,语境理解
【点评】本题考查基础名词词义,结合对话语境即可快速选出答案,属于英语基础题型。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.himself
B.myself
C.themselves
D.herself
A
) 2. Jack often takes part in volunteering activities. He thinks helping others is helping himself
.A.himself
B.myself
C.themselves
D.herself
答案
2.A
解析
【分析】首先明确句子主语是Jack,为第三人称单数男性;反身代词需与主语在人称、数、性上保持一致,结合语境“帮助别人就是帮助他自己”,需选择对应男性第三人称单数的反身代词。
【解析】1. 确定主语:句子主语Jack是第三人称单数男性;2. 反身代词规则:反身代词要与主语保持人称、数、性一致,此处表达“帮助他自己”,对应反身代词himself;3. 选项辨析:A.himself符合要求,B.myself是第一人称反身代词,C.themselves是第三人称复数反身代词,D.herself是女性第三人称单数反身代词,均不符合。
【答案】A
【知识点】反身代词的用法
【点评】本题考查反身代词在语境中的运用,核心是掌握反身代词与主语保持一致的规则,属于基础题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 确定主语:句子主语Jack是第三人称单数男性;2. 反身代词规则:反身代词要与主语保持人称、数、性一致,此处表达“帮助他自己”,对应反身代词himself;3. 选项辨析:A.himself符合要求,B.myself是第一人称反身代词,C.themselves是第三人称复数反身代词,D.herself是女性第三人称单数反身代词,均不符合。
【答案】A
【知识点】反身代词的用法
【点评】本题考查反身代词在语境中的运用,核心是掌握反身代词与主语保持一致的规则,属于基础题型,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.other
B.others
C.another
D.the other
C
)3. In the basketball camp, the first lesson we had was to pass the ball from one to another
.A.other
B.others
C.another
D.the other
答案
3.C
解析
【分析】本题考查不定代词的辨析,需结合语境和各选项的用法判断。题目语境是“把球从一个传给另一个”,未限定范围为两者,是泛指三者及以上中的另一个,对应固定搭配“one...another...”。需逐一分析选项的用法适配性。
【解析】A项other是形容词,需修饰名词,此处后无名词,不符合用法,排除;B项others泛指“其他的人或物”,相当于“other+可数名词复数”,不能用于“one...others”结构,排除;C项another指三者或三者以上中的“另一个”,可用于“one...another”结构,符合“把球从一个传给另一个”的语境;D项the other指两者中的“另一个”,需对应“one...the other”结构,不符合语境,排除。故答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】不定代词辨析
【点评】本题为基础英语语法题,考查常见不定代词的用法区别,需准确掌握各不定代词的适用场景,难度较低,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】A项other是形容词,需修饰名词,此处后无名词,不符合用法,排除;B项others泛指“其他的人或物”,相当于“other+可数名词复数”,不能用于“one...others”结构,排除;C项another指三者或三者以上中的“另一个”,可用于“one...another”结构,符合“把球从一个传给另一个”的语境;D项the other指两者中的“另一个”,需对应“one...the other”结构,不符合语境,排除。故答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】不定代词辨析
【点评】本题为基础英语语法题,考查常见不定代词的用法区别,需准确掌握各不定代词的适用场景,难度较低,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.7
(
A.so that he
B.in order that
C.in order to
D.so to
C
) 4. He bought a TV on the Double 11th Shopping Festival in order to
save money.A.so that he
B.in order that
C.in order to
D.so to
答案
4.C
解析
【分析】
本题考查目的状语相关短语的用法辨析,需根据空格后成分的形式(动词原形)选择合适的短语。首先明确各选项的用法:A选项so that和B选项in order that均为连词短语,后面必须接完整的从句,而空格后是动词原形save money,不符合要求;D选项so to是错误的英语表达,不存在这种用法;C选项in order to是不定式短语,后面接动词原形,表目的,符合句子结构和语义要求。
【解析】
逐一分析选项:
1. A项so that:为连词,后接从句,空格后是动词原形,排除;
2. B项in order that:为连词,后接从句,空格后是动词原形,排除;
3. D项so to:无此正确搭配,排除;
4. C项in order to:后接动词原形,表目的,符合语境,故选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
目的状语短语用法辨析
【点评】
本题为英语基础题,考查常用目的短语的用法差异,需掌握不同短语后接成分的类型,难度较低,属于易得分题。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题考查目的状语相关短语的用法辨析,需根据空格后成分的形式(动词原形)选择合适的短语。首先明确各选项的用法:A选项so that和B选项in order that均为连词短语,后面必须接完整的从句,而空格后是动词原形save money,不符合要求;D选项so to是错误的英语表达,不存在这种用法;C选项in order to是不定式短语,后面接动词原形,表目的,符合句子结构和语义要求。
【解析】
逐一分析选项:
1. A项so that:为连词,后接从句,空格后是动词原形,排除;
2. B项in order that:为连词,后接从句,空格后是动词原形,排除;
3. D项so to:无此正确搭配,排除;
4. C项in order to:后接动词原形,表目的,符合语境,故选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
目的状语短语用法辨析
【点评】
本题为英语基础题,考查常用目的短语的用法差异,需掌握不同短语后接成分的类型,难度较低,属于易得分题。
【难度系数】
0.8
(
A.make up
B.stay up
C.give up
D.put up
B
) 5. James regrets(后悔)not paying enough attention in class. Now he has to stay up
late to study for the test.A.make up
B.stay up
C.give up
D.put up
答案
5.B
解析
【分析】先理解句子语境:James后悔上课没集中注意力,现在他需要做某事来备考。再分析四个选项的短语含义,结合“late to study for the test”(很晚学习备考)的语境,匹配对应的短语意思。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A.make up意为“编造、弥补”,不符合“很晚学习”的语境;B.stay up意为“熬夜”,stay up late是固定搭配,符合“熬夜备考”的句意;C.give up意为“放弃”,与语境无关;D.put up意为“张贴、搭建”,不符合句意。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语的词义辨析,结合语境即可选出正确答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】逐一分析选项:A.make up意为“编造、弥补”,不符合“很晚学习”的语境;B.stay up意为“熬夜”,stay up late是固定搭配,符合“熬夜备考”的句意;C.give up意为“放弃”,与语境无关;D.put up意为“张贴、搭建”,不符合句意。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常见动词短语的词义辨析,结合语境即可选出正确答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
(
A.energetic
B.patient
C.curious
D.worried
C
) 6. Peter is curious
about Xi opera which is a local opera in Wuxi, so he asks lots of questions about it.A.energetic
B.patient
C.curious
D.worried
答案
6.C
解析
【分析】这是一道形容词词义辨析题,解题思路为:先理解句子语境,再分析各选项形容词的含义,结合固定搭配和语境匹配正确答案。句子后半句提到Peter问了很多关于无锡地方戏曲的问题,说明他对该戏曲抱有好奇的态度,据此结合选项内容判断即可。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A. energetic意为“精力充沛的”;B. patient意为“有耐心的”;C. curious意为“好奇的”,固定搭配be curious about表示“对……好奇”;D. worried意为“担心的”。结合语境“他问了很多关于它的问题”,可知Peter对无锡地方戏曲是好奇的,符合be curious about的搭配,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查形容词词义辨析及常用固定搭配,需要学生掌握常见形容词的含义和相关搭配,结合语境即可选出答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】逐一分析选项:A. energetic意为“精力充沛的”;B. patient意为“有耐心的”;C. curious意为“好奇的”,固定搭配be curious about表示“对……好奇”;D. worried意为“担心的”。结合语境“他问了很多关于它的问题”,可知Peter对无锡地方戏曲是好奇的,符合be curious about的搭配,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查形容词词义辨析及常用固定搭配,需要学生掌握常见形容词的含义和相关搭配,结合语境即可选出答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
四、还原信息
Zu Chongzhi is one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. His family were very talented. They had been studying maths and astronomy(天文学)for generations(世代). From a young age, Zu was taught natural science, astronomy, maths and so on. 1.
Zu was best known for his calculation(计算)of pi. According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. 2.
Zu was also famous for working out how to calculate the volume(体积)of a ball. 3.
4.
5.
A. Zu was also an inventor.
B. However, nobody paid attention to the result.
C. He did this with the help of his son Zu Geng.
D. Zu was successful not only in maths but in astronomy.
E. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially(尤其)in maths.
F. After he died, Zu Geng kept on proving(证明)that the new calendar was more accurate.
G. It took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.
Zu Chongzhi is one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. His family were very talented. They had been studying maths and astronomy(天文学)for generations(世代). From a young age, Zu was taught natural science, astronomy, maths and so on. 1.
E
Zu was best known for his calculation(计算)of pi. According to historical records, he did all the work using nothing but wooden sticks. 2.
G
No one at that time was able to calculate it more accurately(精确地)than Zu. The achievement(成就)has been accepted around the world. In order to remember Zu, some mathematicians have suggested calling pi “zulv”(祖率).Zu was also famous for working out how to calculate the volume(体积)of a ball. 3.
C
The two recorded their achievement in Zhuishu. The book was used as a maths textbook during the Tang Dynasty.4.
D
He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar. But unluckily, the great mathematician never saw his calendar put into use.5.
F
Almost ten years later, the Daming Calendar was finally accepted.A. Zu was also an inventor.
B. However, nobody paid attention to the result.
C. He did this with the help of his son Zu Geng.
D. Zu was successful not only in maths but in astronomy.
E. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially(尤其)in maths.
F. After he died, Zu Geng kept on proving(证明)that the new calendar was more accurate.
G. It took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.
答案
1.E 2.G 3.C 4.D 5.F
解析
【分析】
本题为英语语篇还原题,解题思路如下:1. 通读全文,明确文章围绕中国古代数学家祖冲之的数学、天文等成就展开;2. 逐个分析每个空缺处的上下文逻辑关系,包括指代、顺承、衔接等逻辑,结合人物相关事迹匹配选项:第1空承接前文“从小被教授各学科”,需体现他对学科的兴趣;第2空承接前文“计算圆周率”,需给出具体计算结果;第3空承接前文“计算球体积”,需关联后文的“父子二人”;第4空承上启下,衔接前文数学成就和后文天文成就;第5空承接前文“未看到历法使用”,需关联后文“十年后被接受”的情况。
【解析】
1. 前文提到祖冲之从小学习自然科学、天文、数学等,E选项“这个小男孩对所有这些科目都感兴趣,尤其对数学”承接上文,符合语境,故选E;
2. 前文说祖冲之用木棍计算圆周率,后文提到当时没人比他更精确,G选项“他花了很多时间算出数值在3.1415926和3.1415927之间”具体说明圆周率的计算结果,衔接上下文,故选G;
3. 前文讲祖冲之算出球的体积,后文提到“两人记录成就于《缀术》”,C选项“他在儿子祖暅的帮助下完成这项工作”关联后文的“父子二人”,符合逻辑,故选C;
4. 前文讲祖冲之的数学成就,后文讲他的天文成就(大明历),D选项“祖冲之不仅在数学上成功,在天文学上也有成就”承上启下,衔接两部分内容,故选D;
5. 前文说祖冲之没看到自己的历法被使用,后文说十年后历法被接受,F选项“在他死后,祖暅继续证明新历法更精确”衔接上下文,说明后续情况,故选F。
【答案】
1.E 2.G 3.C 4.D 5.F
【知识点】
英语语篇还原、上下文逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题以中国古代数学家祖冲之的成就为语篇素材,考查学生对英语语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用能力,需结合人物事迹和语境匹配合适句子,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语语篇还原题,解题思路如下:1. 通读全文,明确文章围绕中国古代数学家祖冲之的数学、天文等成就展开;2. 逐个分析每个空缺处的上下文逻辑关系,包括指代、顺承、衔接等逻辑,结合人物相关事迹匹配选项:第1空承接前文“从小被教授各学科”,需体现他对学科的兴趣;第2空承接前文“计算圆周率”,需给出具体计算结果;第3空承接前文“计算球体积”,需关联后文的“父子二人”;第4空承上启下,衔接前文数学成就和后文天文成就;第5空承接前文“未看到历法使用”,需关联后文“十年后被接受”的情况。
【解析】
1. 前文提到祖冲之从小学习自然科学、天文、数学等,E选项“这个小男孩对所有这些科目都感兴趣,尤其对数学”承接上文,符合语境,故选E;
2. 前文说祖冲之用木棍计算圆周率,后文提到当时没人比他更精确,G选项“他花了很多时间算出数值在3.1415926和3.1415927之间”具体说明圆周率的计算结果,衔接上下文,故选G;
3. 前文讲祖冲之算出球的体积,后文提到“两人记录成就于《缀术》”,C选项“他在儿子祖暅的帮助下完成这项工作”关联后文的“父子二人”,符合逻辑,故选C;
4. 前文讲祖冲之的数学成就,后文讲他的天文成就(大明历),D选项“祖冲之不仅在数学上成功,在天文学上也有成就”承上启下,衔接两部分内容,故选D;
5. 前文说祖冲之没看到自己的历法被使用,后文说十年后历法被接受,F选项“在他死后,祖暅继续证明新历法更精确”衔接上下文,说明后续情况,故选F。
【答案】
1.E 2.G 3.C 4.D 5.F
【知识点】
英语语篇还原、上下文逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题以中国古代数学家祖冲之的成就为语篇素材,考查学生对英语语篇上下文逻辑关系的理解与运用能力,需结合人物事迹和语境匹配合适句子,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
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