四、阅读理解。
主题群:环境保护 子主题:环保行为 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★★
You may have heard the saying “The Yangtze River is China's mother river.”. It's almost 6,400 kilometers long. As the world's third-longest river, it covers one-fifth of China's land area. The Yangtze River Economic Belt(长江经济带）covers eleven provinces and cities, making up about 40 percent of China's total population and GDP.
On December 26, 2020, China passed the Yangtze River Protection Law, which came into force on March 1, 2021. It is the first law to protect a waterway in China.
The mother river is in great need of protection because something is wrong with it. For example, because of overfishing and water pollution, Chinese paddlefish have died out there. There's also desertified land and soil pollution near the river.
According to the law, fishing will not be allowed in all of the Yangtze River's natural waterways, including its major tributaries(支流）and lakes. Those who are caught fishing will be fined(罚款）50,000 to 500,000 yuan.
Digging sand will be strictly limited(限制）in the river. Many companies are digging sand along the river. However, this has led to lower water levels on the river, which has caused the river's water quality to decline.
Companies and factories along the river will need to focus on green development. If their activities do harm to the waterways, they will be moved away.
()1. What do we know about the Yangtze River Protection Law?
A. It was passed on March 1, 2021.
B. It came into force ten years ago.
C. It has increased the population of the area.
D. It's the first law to protect a waterway in China.
()2. What does Paragraph 3 explain(解释)?
A. Why the river needs protection.
B. How the river is being polluted.
C. When Chinese paddlefish died out.
D. How the river will be protected.
()3. What does the word “decline” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Disappear. B. Become worse.
C. Be hard to test. D. Be easy to control.
()4. According to the passage, which is true about protecting the river?
A. People can't fish in the river's major tributaries.
B. Digging sand will not be allowed in the river anymore.
C. Companies along the river will be moved to other places.
D. Anyone who causes pollution will be fined at least 50,000 yuan.

1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A

【分析】
本题为环保主题的英语说明文阅读理解，解题思路为：1. 通读全文，把握各段落核心内容；2. 针对每道题目，根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落；3. 逐一比对选项与原文信息，排除错误选项，确定正确答案；4. 词义猜测题需结合上下文语境推断词义。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第二段内容，长江保护法于2020年12月26日通过，2021年3月1日生效，是中国首部保护水道的法律。A选项通过时间错误，B选项生效时间错误，C选项未提及，D选项与原文一致，故选D。
2. 段落大意题：第三段首句明确指出“母亲河急需保护因为它出现了问题”，后文举例说明问题，故该段解释了长江需要保护的原因，选A。
3. 词义猜测题：第五段提到挖沙导致水位降低，进而使水质decline，结合语境，挖沙是破坏行为，水质应“变差”，故选B。
4. 细节理解题：根据第四段，长江主要支流等自然水域禁止捕鱼，A正确；第五段是严格限制挖沙而非禁止，B错误；第六段是危害水道的企业才会搬迁，C错误；第四段是捕鱼者罚款5万到50万，D错误，故选A。
【答案】
1.D 2.A 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题围绕长江保护的环保主题展开，考查学生对说明文的细节查找、段落大意及词义推断能力，题目设置基础，需学生精准定位原文信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.6