一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. He was (lucky) to break his leg in the soccer game.
2. After the flood, many people (volunteer) to rescue the people in the village.
3. The storm hit the small village (terrible), breaking many trees and houses.
4. The students (review) their English words in the classroom when the rain started to fall heavily.

1. unlucky
2. volunteered
3. terribly
4. were reviewing

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的正确形式填空，需结合语境、词性要求及时态规则变形：
1. 第一题：根据“摔断腿”的语境，需用lucky的反义词，且was后接形容词作表语，故变形；
2. 第二题：由“洪水后”的过去时间背景，确定用一般过去时，故动词变过去式；
3. 第三题：修饰动词hit需用副词，故将形容词terrible变为副词；
4. 第四题：when引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时，主句表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，结合主语单复数确定be动词形式。
【解析】
1. 句意：他在足球赛中摔断了腿，是不幸的。was后需形容词作表语，结合语境，lucky（幸运的）的反义词为unlucky（不幸的），故填unlucky；
2. 句意：洪水过后，很多人自愿营救村里的人。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，volunteer的过去式为volunteered，故填volunteered；
3. 句意：暴风雨猛烈袭击了小村庄，摧毁了很多树和房屋。修饰动词hit需用副词，terrible的副词形式为terribly，故填terribly；
4. 句意：当雨开始下得很大时，学生们正在教室里复习英语单词。when引导的从句用一般过去时（started），主句表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（was/were + doing），主语students为复数，故用were reviewing，填were reviewing。
【答案】
1. unlucky
2. volunteered
3. terribly
4. were reviewing
【知识点】
形容词反义词、动词过去式、副词用法、过去进行时
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的词形转换和时态运用，是初中英语核心基础题型，需掌握词性变化规则及不同时态的适用场景。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、用方框中所给的单词填空。
usual alarm sudden thunder
1. Last night, we heard loud and saw bright lightning outside.
2. A cry woke him up from his dreams.
3. A car went off in the middle of the night.
4. I'll meet you at the time.

1. thunder
2. sudden
3. alarm
4. usual

【分析】首先明确方框内四个单词的词义与词性：usual（形容词，通常的）、alarm（名词，闹钟；警报）、sudden（形容词，突然的）、thunder（名词，雷；雷声）。接着结合每个句子的语境匹配合适的单词：1. 句子提到听到声音且看到闪电，对应雷声，选thunder；2. 需要形容词修饰名词cry，结合语境“哭声叫醒人”，选sudden；3. 结合短语go off（闹钟等响起），选alarm；4. 固定搭配“usual time”（平常的时间），选usual。
【解析】1. 句中“heard loud”后接声音类名词，与闪电对应的是雷声，故填thunder；2. 空格修饰名词cry，需形容词，“突然的哭声”符合语境，故填sudden；3. “go off”表示（闹钟）响起，对应名词alarm，故填alarm；4. “usual time”是固定搭配，意为“平常的时间”，符合句意，故填usual。
【答案】1. thunder
2. sudden
3. alarm
4. usual
【知识点】单词词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本题为基础词汇填空题，考察常用单词的词义、词性及语境运用，难度较低，适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.8

三、根据上下文意思，从方框中选出恰当的短语并用其正确形式补全短文。
out of breath as a result go off
by the time all of a sudden
I woke up late this morning. My alarm clock 1. several times, but I was so tired that I slept right through(睡着没被吵醒)it. 2., I had to rush to the bus stop. I ran so fast that I was 3. quickly. To make things worse, 4., it started to pour rain on the way. I had to take shelter(躲避)in a shop. So 5. I got to the bus stop, the bus I usually take had left. I had to wait for the next one.

1. went off
2. As a result
3. out of breath
4. all of a sudden
5. by the time

【分析】
解题思路：首先明确方框内各短语的含义及用法：go off（闹钟等发出声响，过去式为went off）、as a result（结果）、out of breath（上气不接下气）、all of a sudden（突然）、by the time（到……的时候）；其次通读短文，把握全文时态为一般过去时，结合每个空的前后语境及逻辑关系，选择恰当短语并调整形式（仅动词短语需根据时态变形）。
【解析】
1. 空1：主语是alarm clock（闹钟），结合语境“闹钟响了几次”，go off表示“（闹钟）发出声响”，全文为过去时，故填went off；
2. 空2：前文提到“没被闹钟吵醒”，后文提到“不得不赶去公交站”，为因果关系，故填as a result；
3. 空3：前文提到“run so fast”（跑得太快），对应结果是“上气不接下气”，故填out of breath；
4. 空4：后文提到“开始下大雨”，表示突发情况，故填all of a sudden；
5. 空5：后文提到“公交已经离开了”，表示“到公交站的时候”的情况，故填by the time。
【答案】
1. went off
2. As a result
3. out of breath
4. all of a sudden
5. by the time
【知识点】
英语短语辨析、一般过去时、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查常用短语在语境中的运用，需结合上下文逻辑和时态要求选择合适短语，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型，侧重基础短语的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.5

(一)回答问题
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。
I'm Judy. Last Sunday, my friends and I went camping. The weather was sunny at first, so we happily set up our tents and started cooking.
Suddenly, dark clouds covered the sky. Thunder rolled, and strong winds blew away our cooking tools. Then it began to pour. We rushed into our tents, but rain seeped(渗入)in, making everything wet. Our plan to enjoy a campfire and stargazing(观星)was ruined.
We couldn't stay in the flooded campsite. We had no choice, so we packed our wet things and walked to a nearby town. Tired and out of breath, we finally found a small hotel.
Though the trip failed, we still laughed about our messy(混乱的)adventure on the way home. It was an unexpected but memorable day.
1. When did Judy and her friends go camping?

2. What happened to the cooking tools?

3. What did they plan to do at first?

4. Where did they spend the night?

5. How did Judy feel about the trip at last?

1. They went camping last Sunday.
2. Strong winds blew them away.
3. They planned to enjoy a campfire and stargazing.
4. They spent the night in a small hotel in a nearby town.
5. She thought it was unexpected but memorable.

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解的信息查找类题目，需根据每个问题的关键词，回到短文中定位对应语句，提取关键信息，整理成符合问题要求的答案，答案需与原文表述一致，不可自行修改内容。
【解析】
1. 问题关键词为"when"，定位原文第一段第二句"I'm Judy. Last Sunday, my friends and I went camping."，提取时间信息；
2. 问题关键词为"cooking tools"，定位原文第二段"Strong winds blew away our cooking tools."，提取事件；
3. 问题关键词为"plan to do"，定位原文第二段最后一句"Our plan to enjoy a campfire and stargazing was ruined."，提取计划内容；
4. 问题关键词为"where"，定位原文第三段"walked to a nearby town... found a small hotel."，提取地点；
5. 问题关键词为"feel about the trip"，定位原文最后一句"It was an unexpected but memorable day."，提取感受。
【答案】
1. They went camping last Sunday.
2. Strong winds blew them away.
3. They planned to enjoy a campfire and stargazing.
4. They spent the night in a small hotel in a nearby town.
5. She thought it was unexpected but memorable.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息定位答题
【点评】
本题属于基础的阅读理解信息查找题，难度较低，只要能准确找到原文对应内容即可正确作答，适合初中英语基础题型练习。
【难度系数】
0.9