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B
体裁: 说明文
主题: 人与动物
难度: ★★★★★
建议用时: 9 min
正确率: /4
More and more people now are fond of birds. They would like to go outdoors to see which winged animals they could watch or photograph. Scientists at Guangxi University in China found a great growth in the number of people, especially photographers, visiting Nonggang Nature Reserve. “These photographers were setting up their cameras close to the bird nests(鸟巢),” scientist Xiaocai Tan said. “This gave them the chance to take great, and even prize-winning photos.” However, scientists were worried closeness to humans would make birds nervous and less likely to care for their babies.
Tan and her team spent a year doing fieldwork, checking 277 bird nests that included 42 kinds. They were studying the effect(影响) that photographers had on birds' habits, especially how often parents fed their babies and the effect it had on predators(捕食者). Scientists found the nests that were photographed had a predation rate of $13.3\%$ while nests not photographed had a much higher rate of $62.9\%$. “The presence of the photographers grew the living rate of the baby birds,” Tan said. The presence of photographers seemed to scare the predators away. It's great fun that their presence had little effect on the feeding rates in those nests. Parents fed their babies the same whether they were photographed.
However, photographers shouldn't take the finding as a warrant to disturb(干扰) nests. The National Audubon Society says, “Honoring birds' space must come before getting that perfect photo.” Audubon advises using little flashlight. “If your appearance causes a bird to fly or run away or change its movement, you're too close.”
Tan adds, “Although this finding shows that photography has a positive(积极的) effect on birds, it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests—it needs more studies on other areas of nesting before the effect of bird photography can be fully understood.”
1. How may the scientists feel about the findings?
A. Upset.
B. Peaceful.
C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
2. The underlined word “warrant” in Paragraph 3 probably means “
＞＞ 词义猜测题
A. reason
B. habit
C. example
D. goal
3. Which of the following would Tan agree with?
A. Photographers shouldn't take photos of bird nests.
B. More bird photography activities should be planned.
C. There should be studies on what causes stress on birds.
D. Photographers can't visit bird nests as often as they like.
4. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. The Way of Bird Photography
B. The Effect of Bird Photography
C. The Space Between Photographers and Nests
D. The Difference Between Photographers and Predators
体裁: 说明文
主题: 人与动物
难度: ★★★★★
建议用时: 9 min
正确率: /4
More and more people now are fond of birds. They would like to go outdoors to see which winged animals they could watch or photograph. Scientists at Guangxi University in China found a great growth in the number of people, especially photographers, visiting Nonggang Nature Reserve. “These photographers were setting up their cameras close to the bird nests(鸟巢),” scientist Xiaocai Tan said. “This gave them the chance to take great, and even prize-winning photos.” However, scientists were worried closeness to humans would make birds nervous and less likely to care for their babies.
Tan and her team spent a year doing fieldwork, checking 277 bird nests that included 42 kinds. They were studying the effect(影响) that photographers had on birds' habits, especially how often parents fed their babies and the effect it had on predators(捕食者). Scientists found the nests that were photographed had a predation rate of $13.3\%$ while nests not photographed had a much higher rate of $62.9\%$. “The presence of the photographers grew the living rate of the baby birds,” Tan said. The presence of photographers seemed to scare the predators away. It's great fun that their presence had little effect on the feeding rates in those nests. Parents fed their babies the same whether they were photographed.
However, photographers shouldn't take the finding as a warrant to disturb(干扰) nests. The National Audubon Society says, “Honoring birds' space must come before getting that perfect photo.” Audubon advises using little flashlight. “If your appearance causes a bird to fly or run away or change its movement, you're too close.”
Tan adds, “Although this finding shows that photography has a positive(积极的) effect on birds, it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests—it needs more studies on other areas of nesting before the effect of bird photography can be fully understood.”
1. How may the scientists feel about the findings?
A. Upset.
B. Peaceful.
C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
2. The underlined word “warrant” in Paragraph 3 probably means “
A
”.＞＞ 词义猜测题
A. reason
B. habit
C. example
D. goal
3. Which of the following would Tan agree with?
A. Photographers shouldn't take photos of bird nests.
B. More bird photography activities should be planned.
C. There should be studies on what causes stress on birds.
D. Photographers can't visit bird nests as often as they like.
4. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. The Way of Bird Photography
B. The Effect of Bird Photography
C. The Space Between Photographers and Nests
D. The Difference Between Photographers and Predators
答案
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了户外摄影对鸟类的影响。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第一段“However，scientists were worried closeness to humans would make birds nervous and less likely to care for their babies.”和第二段“The presence of the photographers grew the living rate of the baby birds ... It's great fun that their presence had little effect on the feeding rates in those nests.”可知实地调查前科学家担心人类近距离接触鸟类会让鸟类感到紧张，但他们发现摄影师的存在提高了幼鸟的存活率，对进食率没有影响，由此可推知科学家对这一发现感到惊讶。故选C。
2. A 词义猜测题。根据第二段可知摄影师的存在提高了幼鸟的存活率，再根据语境“However，photographers shouldn't take the finding as a warrant to disturb nests.”可推知摄影师不应该将科学家的发现视为干扰鸟巢的理由，“warrant”意为“正当理由”。故选A。
3. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although this finding shows that photography has a positive effect on birds，it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests”可知她认同摄影师不能随心所欲地参观鸟巢。故选D。
4. B 标题归纳题。结合文章内容，尤其是最后一段“Although this finding shows that photography has a positive effect on birds，it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests”可知本文主要介绍了户外摄影对鸟类的影响。故选B。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第一段“However，scientists were worried closeness to humans would make birds nervous and less likely to care for their babies.”和第二段“The presence of the photographers grew the living rate of the baby birds ... It's great fun that their presence had little effect on the feeding rates in those nests.”可知实地调查前科学家担心人类近距离接触鸟类会让鸟类感到紧张，但他们发现摄影师的存在提高了幼鸟的存活率，对进食率没有影响，由此可推知科学家对这一发现感到惊讶。故选C。
2. A 词义猜测题。根据第二段可知摄影师的存在提高了幼鸟的存活率，再根据语境“However，photographers shouldn't take the finding as a warrant to disturb nests.”可推知摄影师不应该将科学家的发现视为干扰鸟巢的理由，“warrant”意为“正当理由”。故选A。
3. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although this finding shows that photography has a positive effect on birds，it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests”可知她认同摄影师不能随心所欲地参观鸟巢。故选D。
4. B 标题归纳题。结合文章内容，尤其是最后一段“Although this finding shows that photography has a positive effect on birds，it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests”可知本文主要介绍了户外摄影对鸟类的影响。故选B。
解析
【分析】首先通读全文，明确文章为“人与动物”主题的说明文，核心是介绍鸟类摄影对鸟类的影响。针对不同题型采用对应思路：1. 推理判断题需结合科学家前后态度的变化（初始担忧vs发现积极影响）推断感受；2. 词义猜测题需结合上下文转折逻辑推测生词含义；3. 推理判断题需定位研究者Tan的观点句；4. 标题归纳题需紧扣文章主旨（鸟类摄影的影响）。
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：根据第一段科学家最初担心人类近距离接触鸟类会让鸟类紧张，第二段实地调查却发现摄影师的存在提高了幼鸟存活率、对喂食率无影响，可知科学家对这一与预期相反的结果感到惊讶，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题：第二段提到摄影师的存在有积极影响，第三段以“However”转折，说明摄影师不能将这一发现作为干扰鸟巢的理由，故“warrant”意为“理由”，选A。
3. 推理判断题：根据最后一段Tan的表述“it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests”，可知她认为摄影师不能随心所欲地参观鸟巢，选D。
4. 标题归纳题：文章围绕鸟类摄影对鸟类的影响展开，结合最后一段主旨句，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B
【知识点】阅读理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】本文是人与动物主题的说明文，考查词义猜测、推理判断等核心题型，要求学生把握文章细节、逻辑关系及主旨，需结合语境和研究者观点解题。
【难度系数】0.2
【解析】
1. 推理判断题：根据第一段科学家最初担心人类近距离接触鸟类会让鸟类紧张，第二段实地调查却发现摄影师的存在提高了幼鸟存活率、对喂食率无影响，可知科学家对这一与预期相反的结果感到惊讶，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题：第二段提到摄影师的存在有积极影响，第三段以“However”转折，说明摄影师不能将这一发现作为干扰鸟巢的理由，故“warrant”意为“理由”，选A。
3. 推理判断题：根据最后一段Tan的表述“it doesn't mean that photographers can visit nests”，可知她认为摄影师不能随心所欲地参观鸟巢，选D。
4. 标题归纳题：文章围绕鸟类摄影对鸟类的影响展开，结合最后一段主旨句，故选B。
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B
【知识点】阅读理解、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】本文是人与动物主题的说明文，考查词义猜测、推理判断等核心题型，要求学生把握文章细节、逻辑关系及主旨，需结合语境和研究者观点解题。
【难度系数】0.2
