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二、阅读理解。
At the age of 16, Einstein was always busy playing with a group of mischievous（顽皮捣蛋的）kids. He failed his final exam.
One morning, when Einstein was about to go fishing with his friends, his father stopped him and said, “Einstein, you're so fond of playing all day that you failed your exam. I'm worried about your future.”
“What are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also failed, but don't they still get to go fishing?”
“My boy, you can't think like that,” his dad said. “There is a fable（寓言故事）that people tell in our hometown. Listen to it now.”
“There were two cats playing on a roof. One cat got caught off guard and fell down the chimney while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face, while the other cat's face was clean. Seeing the soot-faced cat, the clean cat thought its face must be dirty, so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face. The soot-faced cat saw the clean-faced cat and thought its face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.”
“Einstein; no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just follow others, you will never learn.”
Hearing this, Einstein walked back to his room. He decided to study instead of caring about what his friends were doing. This allowed him to be successful.
(
A. Hopeless.
B. Worried.
C. Not care.
D. Disappointed.
(
A. ran very quickly
B. felt very confident
C. felt he was a fool
D. laughed at the other cat
(
A. both cats made the wrong decision
B. the soot-faced cat washed its face clean
C. the clean cat didn't wash its face
D. the soot-faced cat fell into the chimney first
(
A. There are no shortcuts to success.
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. Friends are like a mirror to us.
D. Don't just do what others do.
At the age of 16, Einstein was always busy playing with a group of mischievous（顽皮捣蛋的）kids. He failed his final exam.
One morning, when Einstein was about to go fishing with his friends, his father stopped him and said, “Einstein, you're so fond of playing all day that you failed your exam. I'm worried about your future.”
“What are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also failed, but don't they still get to go fishing?”
“My boy, you can't think like that,” his dad said. “There is a fable（寓言故事）that people tell in our hometown. Listen to it now.”
“There were two cats playing on a roof. One cat got caught off guard and fell down the chimney while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face, while the other cat's face was clean. Seeing the soot-faced cat, the clean cat thought its face must be dirty, so it quickly ran to the riverside and washed its face. The soot-faced cat saw the clean-faced cat and thought its face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.”
“Einstein; no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just follow others, you will never learn.”
Hearing this, Einstein walked back to his room. He decided to study instead of caring about what his friends were doing. This allowed him to be successful.
(
C
)1. How did Einstein himself feel about his behaviours at the start of the passage?A. Hopeless.
B. Worried.
C. Not care.
D. Disappointed.
(
B
)2. The underlined word "swaggered" shows the soot-faced cat B
.A. ran very quickly
B. felt very confident
C. felt he was a fool
D. laughed at the other cat
(
A
)3. We can infer from the fable that A
.A. both cats made the wrong decision
B. the soot-faced cat washed its face clean
C. the clean cat didn't wash its face
D. the soot-faced cat fell into the chimney first
(
D
)4. What lesson did Einstein learn from his father?A. There are no shortcuts to success.
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. Friends are like a mirror to us.
D. Don't just do what others do.
答案
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D
解析
【分析】
本文是一篇关于爱因斯坦的英语记叙文，讲述了爱因斯坦年少贪玩考试失利，父亲通过两只猫的寓言教育他不要盲目跟从他人、要独立思考的故事。解题思路：1. 先通读全文把握主旨；2. 针对每道题，定位原文对应内容，结合语境分析选项：第1题找爱因斯坦对自身行为的态度，第2题结合语境猜测划线词词义，第3题推理寓言中两只猫的行为结果，第4题提炼父亲传达的核心道理。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段爱因斯坦的话“What are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also failed, but don't they still get to go fishing?”可知，爱因斯坦并不在意自己考试失利的行为，对应选项C。
2. 词义猜测题：根据原文， soot-faced猫看到干净脸的猫后，误以为自己的脸也是干净的，因此“swaggered”（大摇大摆）体现出它很自信的状态，对应选项B。
3. 推理判断题：寓言中，干净脸的猫误以为自己脸脏去洗脸（实际错误）， soot-faced猫误以为自己脸干净没洗（实际错误），所以两只猫都做出了错误的决定，对应选项A。
4. 主旨大意题：根据父亲的话“no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just follow others, you will never learn.”可知，父亲教给爱因斯坦不要盲目跟从他人，要独立思考，对应选项D。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题是结合名人故事的英语阅读理解题，通过寓言传递成长道理，题目类型涵盖细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断，考查学生的阅读定位与信息分析能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本文是一篇关于爱因斯坦的英语记叙文，讲述了爱因斯坦年少贪玩考试失利，父亲通过两只猫的寓言教育他不要盲目跟从他人、要独立思考的故事。解题思路：1. 先通读全文把握主旨；2. 针对每道题，定位原文对应内容，结合语境分析选项：第1题找爱因斯坦对自身行为的态度，第2题结合语境猜测划线词词义，第3题推理寓言中两只猫的行为结果，第4题提炼父亲传达的核心道理。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第三段爱因斯坦的话“What are you worrying about? Jack and Robert also failed, but don't they still get to go fishing?”可知，爱因斯坦并不在意自己考试失利的行为，对应选项C。
2. 词义猜测题：根据原文， soot-faced猫看到干净脸的猫后，误以为自己的脸也是干净的，因此“swaggered”（大摇大摆）体现出它很自信的状态，对应选项B。
3. 推理判断题：寓言中，干净脸的猫误以为自己脸脏去洗脸（实际错误）， soot-faced猫误以为自己脸干净没洗（实际错误），所以两只猫都做出了错误的决定，对应选项A。
4. 主旨大意题：根据父亲的话“no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just follow others, you will never learn.”可知，父亲教给爱因斯坦不要盲目跟从他人，要独立思考，对应选项D。
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本题是结合名人故事的英语阅读理解题，通过寓言传递成长道理，题目类型涵盖细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断，考查学生的阅读定位与信息分析能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
