一、根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)
1. He went (经过)the house on his way home.
2. We know (鲨鱼)live in the sea. They are dangerous.
3. Every year we (筹集)some money for charity.
4. As the saying goes, “(行为)speak louder than words.”
5. Is it (可能)for us to finish the work in two days?
6. (在……期间)the summer vacation, I visited Hangzhou and Shanghai.
7. They continued to work hard. And at last, they won the (决赛).
8. I invited Lily and Lucy to come to my party. But (两者都不)of them came.
9. I’m a (简单)middle school student. I don’t need to wear such a special watch.
10. I’d like some time to (考虑)how I can work out the problem in an easy way.

一、1. past 2. sharks 3. raise 4. Actions 5. possible
6. During 7. final 8. neither 9. simple 10. consider

【分析】本题为根据汉语提示写单词的基础英语题，解题思路如下：①先通读句子，明确每个句子的语境及所需单词的词性；②结合括号内的汉语注释，回忆对应的英语单词；③根据句子的语法规则（如名词单复数、动词形式、固定搭配等）调整单词的正确形式，确保符合语境和语法要求。
【解析】1. 句意：他回家路上经过那所房子。“经过”对应介词past，go past为固定搭配，故填past。
2. 句意：我们知道鲨鱼生活在海里，它们很危险。此处表示鲨鱼这类动物，需用可数名词复数形式，“鲨鱼”对应shark，复数为sharks，故填sharks。
3. 句意：每年我们为慈善筹集一些钱。“筹集”对应动词raise，主语we为复数，一般现在时中动词用原形，故填raise。
4. 句意：正如谚语所说，“行动胜于言语”。“行为”对应名词action，谚语中谓语动词为speak（原形），主语需用复数形式，且句首单词首字母大写，故填Actions。
5. 句意：我们两天内完成这项工作可能吗？“可能”对应形容词possible，固定句式为it is possible for sb to do sth，故填possible。
6. 句意：暑假期间，我参观了杭州和上海。“在……期间”对应介词During，句首单词首字母大写，故填During。
7. 句意：他们继续努力工作，最终赢得了决赛。“决赛”对应名词final，win the final为固定搭配，故填final。
8. 句意：我邀请了莉莉和露西来我的派对，但她们都没来。“两者都不”对应代词neither，用于指代两者且表示否定，符合语境，故填neither。
9. 句意：我是一名简单的中学生，不需要戴这么特别的手表。此处修饰名词student，需用形容词，“简单”对应simple，故填simple。
10. 句意：我想要一些时间考虑如何用简单的方法解决这个问题。“考虑”对应动词consider，不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填consider。
【答案】1. past 2. sharks 3. raise 4. Actions 5. possible 6. During 7. final 8. neither 9. simple 10. consider
【知识点】基础英语词汇运用、名词单复数、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语核心基础词汇的拼写及语法运用，涉及名词单复数、词性辨析、固定搭配等知识点，题目难度较低，适合巩固英语基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.8

二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Is there (someone)in the room now?
2. Jack is good at surfing. He is a good (surf).
3. The river near my home is only 800 (metre)long.
4. It (seem)that our English teacher is very happy today.
5. Whatever problem you meet, you should face it (brave).
6. This morning, I (lead)my grandpa to visit the supermarket.
7. In the last Asia Games, the sporting hero got three gold (medal).
8. When I meet difficulties, my father always (encourage)me.
9. Lei Feng (die)over sixty years ago. But he is still living in our hearts.
10. Next Monday, we (raise) some money to help the sick children in our town.

二、1. anyone 2. surfer 3. metres 4. seems 5. bravely
6. led 7. medals 8. encourages 9. died 10. will raise

【分析】本题为英语词形填空题，需结合句子的句式、时间标志、修饰关系等语境，以及语法规则（如不定代词用法、动词时态、名词单复数、词性转换等）对所给单词进行适当变形。解题时需先判断每个句子的关键信息，再对应规则完成变形。
【解析】1. 本句为一般疑问句，不定代词someone用于肯定句，疑问句中需替换为anyone；2. 此处表示“冲浪者”，需用surf的名词形式surfer；3. 数词800后接可数名词复数，metre的复数为metres；4. 主语it为第三人称单数，句子描述常态用一般现在时，seem需用第三人称单数形式seems；5. 此处修饰动词face，需用brave的副词形式bravely；6. 时间状语this morning表过去，lead的过去式为led；7. 数词three后接可数名词复数，medal的复数为medals；8. 时间状语always表经常性动作，用一般现在时，主语father为第三人称单数，encourage需用第三人称单数形式encourages；9. 时间状语over sixty years ago表过去，die的过去式为died；10. 时间状语next Monday表将来，用一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，故填will raise。
【答案】二、1. anyone 2. surfer 3. metres 4. seems 5. bravely 6. led 7. medals 8. encourages 9. died 10. will raise
【知识点】不定代词用法、动词时态变化、名词单复数
【点评】本题考查英语基础词形转换，涵盖初中英语核心语法点，侧重词汇变形规则与语境运用的结合，是常规基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

三、阅读理解
Studies show that walking several times a week can lower the risk(风险)of a lot of illnesses. They include heart disease, diabetes(糖尿病), strokes and bone loss(骨质疏松). Walking can also help you lose weight.
Studies have also shown that walking can slow down and even prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. Walking several times a week is a good way to control weight and lose body fat. Studies show it also helps reduce feelings of sadness.
Experts say walking is one of the safest ways to exercise. There is a low risk of injuries. So it is good for older people and for people who are starting an exercise programme for the first time.
A walking programme is easy to start. You should wear loose clothes and comfortable shoes. There are shoes that are designed for lots of walking. Doctors say you should walk fast enough to breathe hard. Yet you should still be able to talk. Let your arms move freely while you are walking.
There are no rules for starting a walking programme. Health experts say you can get the most from a walking programme if you walk at about 6 kilometres an hour for thirty minutes a day.
()1. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “illnesses” in Paragraph 1?
A. Suggestions.
B. Exercises.
C. Chances.
D. Diseases.
()2. What can we know according to the passage?
A. If you are over 70, you’d better not exercise by walking.
B. If you want to lose weight, walking several times a week is a good choice.
C. You can’t talk when you walk.
D. If you want to prevent yourself from any diseases, you can keep walking.
()3. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Some Rules for Walking
B. Walking for Better Health
C. A Good Walking Programme
D. Walking Studies and Experts

三、1.D 2.B 3.B

【分析】
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需定位划线词所在语境，结合后文举例的疾病类词汇判断词义；
2. 第2题是细节理解题，需逐一将选项与原文对应内容核对，排除错误选项；
3. 第3题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文核心内容，排除片面选项，确定最佳标题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第一段划线词“illnesses”，后文举例“heart disease（心脏病）、diabetes（糖尿病）”等均为疾病，illnesses意为“疾病”，对应选项D（Diseases）；A为建议，B为锻炼，C为机会，均不符合，故选D。
2. 第2题：逐一核对选项：A项原文第三段提到walking对老人友好，故A错误；B项第一段明确“Walking can also help you lose weight”，故B正确；C项第四段指出“walk fast enough yet still be able to talk”，故C错误；D项原文是“lower the risk of a lot of illnesses”，并非“prevent any diseases”（any表述绝对），故D错误，选B。
3. 第3题：梳理全文，核心内容是走路对健康的益处：降低疾病风险、控制体重、预防糖尿病等，A仅涉及走路规则（片面），C仅涉及走路计划（片面），D侧重研究和专家（非重点），B“Walking for Better Health”贴合主旨，故选B。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、细节理解
【点评】
本题为英语常规阅读理解题，考查词义猜测、细节理解和主旨大意，需学生精准定位原文信息，理解词汇语境义与文章核心，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.7