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七、任务型阅读。(2024·江苏盐城调研)
阅读短文，从短文后所给的 A—F 六个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone has a family name. What do you know about English names?
1 In China, the family name is the first name, but in English countries, the family name is the last name. Do you know how English people get their family names? And what do they mean? 2
First, some family names come from the place of their homes. 3 In England, people's family name may be Wood or Lake, because they live near the woods or lakes.
4 If someone is a cook, his family name may be Cook. And Mr Smith may be a smith(铁匠). There is also Mr Tailor who is a tailor and Mr Miller who is a miller(磨坊工人), etc. In addition, many people get their family names from their fathers' given names. 5
At last, some family names are from colours—Green, Brown, White, Black... But the first letters of them are big letters.
A. Let me tell you some interesting stories.
B. Next, family names come from a person's job.
C. A Chinese name is different from an English name.
D. English people usually get their family names in these ways.
E. If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill.
F. When you hear the name "Jackson", you know that he is the son of Jack.
1.
阅读短文，从短文后所给的 A—F 六个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone has a family name. What do you know about English names?
1 In China, the family name is the first name, but in English countries, the family name is the last name. Do you know how English people get their family names? And what do they mean? 2
First, some family names come from the place of their homes. 3 In England, people's family name may be Wood or Lake, because they live near the woods or lakes.
4 If someone is a cook, his family name may be Cook. And Mr Smith may be a smith(铁匠). There is also Mr Tailor who is a tailor and Mr Miller who is a miller(磨坊工人), etc. In addition, many people get their family names from their fathers' given names. 5
At last, some family names are from colours—Green, Brown, White, Black... But the first letters of them are big letters.
A. Let me tell you some interesting stories.
B. Next, family names come from a person's job.
C. A Chinese name is different from an English name.
D. English people usually get their family names in these ways.
E. If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill.
F. When you hear the name "Jackson", you know that he is the son of Jack.
1.
C
2. D
3. E
4. B
5. F
答案
1. C 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. F
解析
【分析】
这是一篇英语句子还原型任务阅读，解题思路是先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍英国人姓氏的不同来源，再逐空结合上下文的逻辑线索、段落主题匹配对应选项：
1. 第一空后文直接对比了中英文名里姓氏的位置差异，优先找能引出中英文名对比的选项；
2. 第二空前提出两个关于英国人姓氏来源的问题，后文分多个要点逐一介绍来源，需要选总起下文的过渡句；
3. 第三空所在段主题是“姓氏来自居住地”，要选符合居住地来源的举例内容；
4. 第四空前文已经用First引出第一种来源，本段介绍第二种来源，需要选带衔接词、点明本段职业主题的句子；
5. 第五空前主题是“姓氏来自父亲的名字”，选对应该规则的举例即可，最后排除多余的无关选项。
【解析】
1. 空后内容明确对比了中文姓名姓氏在前、英文姓名姓氏在后的差异，C选项“A Chinese name is different from an English name.”正好引出下文的对比内容，符合语境。
2. 空前抛出“英国人的姓氏从何而来、有什么含义”的问题，后文分多个维度逐一介绍姓氏的来源，D选项“English people usually get their family names in these ways.”起到总起下文的作用，完美衔接设问和后续分点介绍。
3. 该段主题为“部分姓氏来自人们的居住地点”，E选项“If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill.”是对应居住地来源的典型示例，和后文Wood、Lake的例子逻辑完全一致。
4. 前文已经用First引出第一种姓氏来源，本段介绍第二种来源，B选项“Next, family names come from a person's job.”用衔接词Next顺承上文，同时点明本段“姓氏来自职业”的主题，和后文Cook、Smith等职业姓氏的举例完全匹配。
5. 空前说明“很多人的姓氏来自父亲的名字”，F选项“When you hear the name "Jackson", you know that he is the son of Jack.”是该规则的典型示例，契合段落主题。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. F
【知识点】
语篇逻辑衔接，英语姓名文化，句子还原填空
【点评】
本题围绕英语姓氏文化展开，属于典型的阅读还原类题型，重点考察学生梳理语篇逻辑、匹配段落主题和对应内容的能力，解题时抓住First、Next这类逻辑标志词可以快速定位答案，同时题目也能帮助学生拓展英语文化相关的课外常识，整体考察维度比较灵活。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇英语句子还原型任务阅读，解题思路是先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍英国人姓氏的不同来源，再逐空结合上下文的逻辑线索、段落主题匹配对应选项：
1. 第一空后文直接对比了中英文名里姓氏的位置差异，优先找能引出中英文名对比的选项；
2. 第二空前提出两个关于英国人姓氏来源的问题，后文分多个要点逐一介绍来源，需要选总起下文的过渡句；
3. 第三空所在段主题是“姓氏来自居住地”，要选符合居住地来源的举例内容；
4. 第四空前文已经用First引出第一种来源，本段介绍第二种来源，需要选带衔接词、点明本段职业主题的句子；
5. 第五空前主题是“姓氏来自父亲的名字”，选对应该规则的举例即可，最后排除多余的无关选项。
【解析】
1. 空后内容明确对比了中文姓名姓氏在前、英文姓名姓氏在后的差异，C选项“A Chinese name is different from an English name.”正好引出下文的对比内容，符合语境。
2. 空前抛出“英国人的姓氏从何而来、有什么含义”的问题，后文分多个维度逐一介绍姓氏的来源，D选项“English people usually get their family names in these ways.”起到总起下文的作用，完美衔接设问和后续分点介绍。
3. 该段主题为“部分姓氏来自人们的居住地点”，E选项“If a man lives on or near a hill, his family name may be Hill.”是对应居住地来源的典型示例，和后文Wood、Lake的例子逻辑完全一致。
4. 前文已经用First引出第一种姓氏来源，本段介绍第二种来源，B选项“Next, family names come from a person's job.”用衔接词Next顺承上文，同时点明本段“姓氏来自职业”的主题，和后文Cook、Smith等职业姓氏的举例完全匹配。
5. 空前说明“很多人的姓氏来自父亲的名字”，F选项“When you hear the name "Jackson", you know that he is the son of Jack.”是该规则的典型示例，契合段落主题。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. F
【知识点】
语篇逻辑衔接，英语姓名文化，句子还原填空
【点评】
本题围绕英语姓氏文化展开，属于典型的阅读还原类题型，重点考察学生梳理语篇逻辑、匹配段落主题和对应内容的能力，解题时抓住First、Next这类逻辑标志词可以快速定位答案，同时题目也能帮助学生拓展英语文化相关的课外常识，整体考察维度比较灵活。
【难度系数】
0.6
