2026年初中同步练习册八年级英语下册鲁教版54制山东友谊出版社第1页答案
一、词汇
(一)根据句意和音标提示,写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The New Year's Sacrifice is one of Lu Xun's
novels
/'nɒvəlz/.
2. The woman writer's book was
published
/'pʌblɪʃt/ last year.
3. He was
born
/bɔ:n/ on March 8th, 2000.
4. Lu Xun is one of the greatest
writers
/'raɪtəz/ in China.
5. We have good ways to study English.
Besides
/bɪ'saɪdz/ singing English songs, we learn by working in groups.

答案

1. novels 2. published 3. born 4. writers 5. Besides

解析

【分析】
解题思路:先通读每个句子理解句意,再结合给出的音标回忆对应英语单词,最后根据句子语法规则(如one of后接名词复数、句首单词首字母大写等)调整单词形式,确保拼写准确。
【解析】
1. 句意:《祝福》是鲁迅的小说之一。音标/'nɒvəlz/对应单词novel,one of后需接名词复数,故填novels。
2. 句意:这位女作家的书去年出版了。音标/'pʌblɪʃt/对应单词published,是publish的过去分词,表被动语态,故填published。
3. 句意:他出生于2000年3月8日。音标/bɔ:n/对应单词born,be born是固定搭配,故填born。
4. 句意:鲁迅是中国最伟大的作家之一。音标/'raɪtəz/对应单词writer,one of后需接名词复数,故填writers。
5. 句意:我们有学习英语的好方法。除了唱英文歌,我们还通过小组合作学习。音标/bɪ'saɪdz/对应单词besides,位于句首需首字母大写,故填Besides。
【答案】
1. novels 2. published 3. born 4. writers 5. Besides
【知识点】
英语词汇拼写、音标对应单词、名词复数形式
【点评】
本题为基础词汇题,考察常见音标对应单词的掌握,同时涉及one of后接名词复数、句首单词大写等简单语法,难度低,适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Smiles on the
swimmers'
(swim) faces showed how they enjoyed the race.
2. The
winner
(win) of the competition was a 30-year-old man from Shanghai.
3. She's been a film
director
(direct) since the 1980s.
4. The little boy is
interested
(interest) in maths.
5. He was too excited
to say
(say) a word.
6. The man tried every means
to look
(look) after his sick mother.
7. When
were
you
born
(bear)?
8. She learned
to ride
(ride) a bike from her father many years ago.
9. Can you tell me who
broke
(break) the new world record?
10. She
could
(can) count from 1 to 100 when she was very young.

答案

1. swimmers' 2. winner 3. director 4. interested 5. to say 6. to look 7. were; born 8. to ride 9. broke 10. could

解析

【分析】
本题为英语用所给单词适当形式填空题型,需结合词性、固定搭配、时态等知识逐一分析:1. 空格修饰名词faces,需用swim的复数名词所有格表所属;2. 定冠词the后需表人的名词,win转换为对应名词;3. film后需表职业的名词,direct转换为对应职业名词;4. 固定搭配be interested in需用形容词;5. 固定结构too...to...后接动词原形;6. 固定搭配try to do sth需用不定式;7. 固定表达be born为过去时,主语you对应be动词形式;8. 固定搭配learn to do sth需用不定式;9. 打破纪录是过去动作,用一般过去式;10. 过去时间状语对应过去的能力,can变过去式。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词faces,swim是动词,需转换为复数名词swim的所有格swimmers',表“游泳者们的”,故填swimmers';
2. 定冠词the后需名词,win是动词,转换为表人的名词winner,意为“获胜者”,故填winner;
3. film后需表职业的名词,direct是动词,转换为名词director,意为“导演”,故填director;
4. 固定搭配be interested in(对……感兴趣),需用形容词interested,故填interested;
5. 固定结构too...to...(太……而不能……),后接动词原形,故填to say;
6. 固定搭配try to do sth(尽力做某事),需用不定式,故填to look;
7. 固定表达be born(出生),主语为you,时态为一般过去时,be动词用were,故填were; born;
8. 固定搭配learn to do sth(学习做某事),需用不定式,故填to ride;
9. 打破纪录是过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,break的过去式为broke,故填broke;
10. 句中时间状语when she was very young表过去,表过去的能力,can的过去式为could,故填could;
【答案】
1. swimmers' 2. winner 3. director 4. interested 5. to say 6. to look 7. were; born 8. to ride 9. broke 10. could
【知识点】
名词所有格、固定搭配、一般过去时
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词汇变形与核心语法,涵盖词性转换、固定短语、时态等考点,是英语学习中的常见基础题型,需学生熟练掌握基础语法规则与常用搭配。
【难度系数】
0.7
(三)语法填空。
In 1918, with his friend's help, Lu Xun joined a magazine
called
(call) New Youth. He
published
(publish) his
first
(one) famous short story A Madman's Diary in 1918. After that, Lu Xun wrote
a
large number of literary works. His novels The True Story of Ah Q and The New Year's Sacrifice were later made
into
films. With his pen, he called on his people to stand up and try every
means
to make China stronger. Now his dream has come true.
As Lu Xun is a
leading
(lead) figure of modern Chinese literature, one of China's top four literature prizes, Lu Xun Literature Prize is named
after
him. It has encouraged many
talented
(talent) writers in China. His works continue
to inspire
(inspire) us to this day.
1.
called
2.
published
3.
first
4.
a
5.
into
6.
means
7.
leading
8.
after
9.
talented
10.
to inspire

答案

1. called 2. published 3. first 4. a 5. into 6. means 7. leading 8. after 9. talented 10. to inspire

解析

【分析】
本题为关于鲁迅的语法填空题,需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐个分析空格:先通读全文理解大意,再根据每个空格的句子结构、所需词性、时态或固定搭配等,确定单词的正确形式,确保符合语法和语义逻辑。
【解析】
1. 空格处修饰名词magazine,magazine与call为被动关系,需用过去分词作定语,故填called。
2. 由时间状语in 1918可知,句子为一般过去时,动词publish需用过去式,故填published。
3. 此处表示“第一个著名短篇小说”,需用序数词,故填first。
4. 固定搭配a large number of意为“许多”,修饰可数名词复数,故填a。
5. 固定搭配be made into意为“被制成”,此处指小说被拍成电影,故填into。
6. 固定搭配every means意为“每一种方法”,means单复数同形,故填means。
7. 此处修饰名词figure,需用形容词,leading意为“主要的”,符合语境,故填leading。
8. 固定搭配name after意为“以……命名”,此处指鲁迅文学奖以他命名,故填after。
9. 此处修饰名词writers,需用形容词,talented意为“有才华的”,符合语境,故填talented。
10. 固定搭配continue to do sth意为“继续做某事”,故填to inspire。
【答案】
1. called 2. published 3. first 4. a 5. into 6. means 7. leading 8. after 9. talented 10. to inspire
【知识点】
非谓语动词、一般过去时、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础语法知识与常用固定搭配,涵盖非谓语、时态、词性转换等核心考点,难度适中,注重对基础知识的灵活运用,适合巩固语法基础。
【难度系数】
0.7