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二、语篇训练
Ⅱ.阅读还原
Lightning is one of nature's light shows.
It often happens in hot, wet places. Around the world, there are about 2,000 lightning storms happening at any given moment. It is a large electric flash of light, which is very hot.
21.
Lightning is fun to watch but dangerous.
22.
You need to know some facts about lightning to keep safe. It is necessary to keep the following dos and don'ts in mind. Stay inside during storms with lightning. Stay away from windows. Do not take a shower when there is lightning. Do not wash your hands. Remind your parents not to use the washer. Lightning can go through water. 23.
24.
A. Lightning is an exciting part of nature.
B. On the one hand, it causes harm to the earth.
C. As soon as the rain stops, you can go outside.
D. Even after the rain stops, there can still be lightning.
E. It heats the air around it and the hot air moves at a high speed.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Floodwaters may not look all that dangerous on TV. But flash floods, like what happened in Sichuan in August 2023, are very
25 in fact. They can happen with almost no warning. Here is what you should do to
26 yourself in a flash flood.
Prevention is always your best chance of living through a flash flood. Flash floods can happen without clear 27 like clouds and heavy rain. So be sure to check the local weather report. As soon as you receive words of a flash flood, 28 higher ground at once.
If you see floodwaters, avoid all 29 water even if it doesn't seem that deep. Just six inches of moving water can knock you over. If you have no 30 but to walk through water, go where the water isn't deep and moving. If necessary, use a stick to check the depth as you walk. As you make your way to higher ground, avoid 31 or getting near electrical equipment. That is because you're probably 32 or standing in water and doing that may cause you to die.
If you get swept away by floodwaters, catch or climb onto something as soon as you can. 33 loudly for help and wave an arm if possible. It's hard for rescue teams to find people stuck in the water 34 anything you can do to make yourself more noticeable is a big help. Don't give up—keep shouting and waving until you're rescued.
25. A. strange B. natural C. dangerous
26. A. enjoy B. save C. hurt
27. A. pages B. signs C. directions
28. A. put into B. fall into C. head for
29. A. moving B. living C. growing
30. A. reason B. right C. choice
31. A. touching B. reporting C. putting
32. A. sad B. happy C. wet
33. A. Shout B. Laugh C. Talk
34. A. because B. so C. or
Ⅱ.阅读还原
Lightning is one of nature's light shows.
It often happens in hot, wet places. Around the world, there are about 2,000 lightning storms happening at any given moment. It is a large electric flash of light, which is very hot.
21.
E
This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder. Because light travels at a greater speed than sound, we see the lightning before we hear the thunder.Lightning is fun to watch but dangerous.
22.
B
When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire. Many wildfires start because of summer lightning. Because the land, trees and grasses are dry, they burn easily. On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings. During storms with lightning, the electric shocks could destroy buildings or kill people outside. Some people using something electric or wet may get hurt in their homes.You need to know some facts about lightning to keep safe. It is necessary to keep the following dos and don'ts in mind. Stay inside during storms with lightning. Stay away from windows. Do not take a shower when there is lightning. Do not wash your hands. Remind your parents not to use the washer. Lightning can go through water. 23.
D
Stay indoors for at least 30 minutes after the storm is over. Do not use anything that is electric. Lightning can go through wires. Remind your parents to turn off TVs and computers.24.
A
Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature's light shows.A. Lightning is an exciting part of nature.
B. On the one hand, it causes harm to the earth.
C. As soon as the rain stops, you can go outside.
D. Even after the rain stops, there can still be lightning.
E. It heats the air around it and the hot air moves at a high speed.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Floodwaters may not look all that dangerous on TV. But flash floods, like what happened in Sichuan in August 2023, are very
25 in fact. They can happen with almost no warning. Here is what you should do to
26 yourself in a flash flood.
Prevention is always your best chance of living through a flash flood. Flash floods can happen without clear 27 like clouds and heavy rain. So be sure to check the local weather report. As soon as you receive words of a flash flood, 28 higher ground at once.
If you see floodwaters, avoid all 29 water even if it doesn't seem that deep. Just six inches of moving water can knock you over. If you have no 30 but to walk through water, go where the water isn't deep and moving. If necessary, use a stick to check the depth as you walk. As you make your way to higher ground, avoid 31 or getting near electrical equipment. That is because you're probably 32 or standing in water and doing that may cause you to die.
If you get swept away by floodwaters, catch or climb onto something as soon as you can. 33 loudly for help and wave an arm if possible. It's hard for rescue teams to find people stuck in the water 34 anything you can do to make yourself more noticeable is a big help. Don't give up—keep shouting and waving until you're rescued.
25. A. strange B. natural C. dangerous
26. A. enjoy B. save C. hurt
27. A. pages B. signs C. directions
28. A. put into B. fall into C. head for
29. A. moving B. living C. growing
30. A. reason B. right C. choice
31. A. touching B. reporting C. putting
32. A. sad B. happy C. wet
33. A. Shout B. Laugh C. Talk
34. A. because B. so C. or
答案
Ⅱ.阅读还原
21.E 22.B 23.D 24.A
Ⅲ.完形填空
25.C 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.C 31.A
32.C 33.A 34.B
21.E 22.B 23.D 24.A
Ⅲ.完形填空
25.C 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.C 31.A
32.C 33.A 34.B
解析
【分析】
这道题包含阅读还原和完形填空两类初中英语常见语篇题型，解题思路如下：
1. 阅读还原部分：先通读全文，明确本文核心是介绍闪电的相关特性和避险常识，重点关注每个空前后的逻辑关联、指代关系和配套关联词：第21空要找到能引出后文“移动的空气产生雷声”的内容；第22空后文出现On the other hand，要找对应的并列配套结构；第23空要对应后文“风暴结束后至少留室内30分钟”的原因；第24空是收尾段的主题句，要贴合全文总结的逻辑。
2. 完形填空部分：先通读全文明确语篇主题是山洪避险指南，结合上下文语境、固定搭配和句间逻辑关系逐一排除错误选项，选出最贴合文意的答案。
【解析】
阅读还原部分
21. 空后提到“这种移动的空气会产生名为雷声的巨大声响”，E选项“它加热周围的空气，热空气高速运动”刚好衔接后文的“移动的空气”，逻辑完全通顺，选E。
22. 空后出现并列结构标志On the other hand（另一方面），对应B选项的On the one hand（一方面），后文分别介绍闪电对地表、对人类的两类危害，并列结构完整，选B。
23. 空后说明“风暴结束后至少要在室内待30分钟”，D选项“即使雨停之后，仍然可能存在闪电”刚好解释了不能立刻外出的原因，前后呼应，选D。
24. 空位于全文收尾段，后文呼吁大家了解闪电、学会避险、欣赏自然奇观，A选项“闪电是自然中令人惊叹的一部分”作为收尾主题句，贴合全文主旨，选A。
完形填空部分
25. 前文提到“洪水在电视上看起来没那么危险”，转折词but说明山洪实际非常危险，选C.dangerous。
26. 句意为“以下是你在山洪中用来保护、拯救自己的正确做法”，选B.save。
27. 句意为“山洪可能没有乌云、大雨这类明显的迹象就突然发生”，选B.signs。
28. 句意为“一旦收到山洪预警，立刻前往地势更高的区域”，head for是固定搭配表示“前往、去往”，选C.head for。
29. 后文提到“仅仅6英寸深的流动水就能把人冲倒”，对应前文要避开所有流动的水，选A.moving。
30. 固定搭配have no choice but to do sth.表示“别无选择只能做某事”，符合此处语境，选C.choice。
31. 句意为“在前往高处的过程中，要避免触碰或者靠近电器设备”，选A.touching。
32. 前文提示要远离电器，原因是你很可能浑身湿透站在水里，触碰电器会引发触电致死，选C.wet。
33. 山洪中被冲走要大声呼救，Shout loudly for help是常用场景表达，选A.Shout。
34. 前半句“救援队很难找到困在水里的人”，后半句“任何能让你更显眼的举动都很有帮助”，属于前因后果的逻辑关系，用so连接，选B.so。
【答案】
阅读还原：21.E 22.B 23.D 24.A
完形填空：25.C 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.C 33.A 34.B
【知识点】
语篇逻辑衔接，语境词义辨析，英语固定搭配
【点评】
本题选取雷电科普、山洪避险两个贴近生活的自然主题语篇，既考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑的把握能力、核心词汇的运用能力，同时也向学生科普了实用的灾害避险常识，题目设置梯度合理，干扰项区分度较高，学生只要紧扣上下文提示就能顺利选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
这道题包含阅读还原和完形填空两类初中英语常见语篇题型，解题思路如下：
1. 阅读还原部分：先通读全文，明确本文核心是介绍闪电的相关特性和避险常识，重点关注每个空前后的逻辑关联、指代关系和配套关联词：第21空要找到能引出后文“移动的空气产生雷声”的内容；第22空后文出现On the other hand，要找对应的并列配套结构；第23空要对应后文“风暴结束后至少留室内30分钟”的原因；第24空是收尾段的主题句，要贴合全文总结的逻辑。
2. 完形填空部分：先通读全文明确语篇主题是山洪避险指南，结合上下文语境、固定搭配和句间逻辑关系逐一排除错误选项，选出最贴合文意的答案。
【解析】
阅读还原部分
21. 空后提到“这种移动的空气会产生名为雷声的巨大声响”，E选项“它加热周围的空气，热空气高速运动”刚好衔接后文的“移动的空气”，逻辑完全通顺，选E。
22. 空后出现并列结构标志On the other hand（另一方面），对应B选项的On the one hand（一方面），后文分别介绍闪电对地表、对人类的两类危害，并列结构完整，选B。
23. 空后说明“风暴结束后至少要在室内待30分钟”，D选项“即使雨停之后，仍然可能存在闪电”刚好解释了不能立刻外出的原因，前后呼应，选D。
24. 空位于全文收尾段，后文呼吁大家了解闪电、学会避险、欣赏自然奇观，A选项“闪电是自然中令人惊叹的一部分”作为收尾主题句，贴合全文主旨，选A。
完形填空部分
25. 前文提到“洪水在电视上看起来没那么危险”，转折词but说明山洪实际非常危险，选C.dangerous。
26. 句意为“以下是你在山洪中用来保护、拯救自己的正确做法”，选B.save。
27. 句意为“山洪可能没有乌云、大雨这类明显的迹象就突然发生”，选B.signs。
28. 句意为“一旦收到山洪预警，立刻前往地势更高的区域”，head for是固定搭配表示“前往、去往”，选C.head for。
29. 后文提到“仅仅6英寸深的流动水就能把人冲倒”，对应前文要避开所有流动的水，选A.moving。
30. 固定搭配have no choice but to do sth.表示“别无选择只能做某事”，符合此处语境，选C.choice。
31. 句意为“在前往高处的过程中，要避免触碰或者靠近电器设备”，选A.touching。
32. 前文提示要远离电器，原因是你很可能浑身湿透站在水里，触碰电器会引发触电致死，选C.wet。
33. 山洪中被冲走要大声呼救，Shout loudly for help是常用场景表达，选A.Shout。
34. 前半句“救援队很难找到困在水里的人”，后半句“任何能让你更显眼的举动都很有帮助”，属于前因后果的逻辑关系，用so连接，选B.so。
【答案】
阅读还原：21.E 22.B 23.D 24.A
完形填空：25.C 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.C 33.A 34.B
【知识点】
语篇逻辑衔接，语境词义辨析，英语固定搭配
【点评】
本题选取雷电科普、山洪避险两个贴近生活的自然主题语篇，既考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑的把握能力、核心词汇的运用能力，同时也向学生科普了实用的灾害避险常识，题目设置梯度合理，干扰项区分度较高，学生只要紧扣上下文提示就能顺利选出正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
