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五、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁: 说明文 主题: 航天与航空 难度: ★★★★★ 建议用时: 8 min 正确率: /10
When it comes to space exploration, one of the most exciting projects is the "Lunar Greenhouse", a closed-loop system designed to grow plants on the moon. Unlike Earth, the moon has no atmosphere to protect plants from extreme temperatures and radiation, 1 (make) it challenging for cultivation.
The Lunar Greenhouse, which 2 (develop) by a team of international scientists, uses advanced hydroponics(水培) instead of soil. This method not only saves water but also allows plants to absorb(吸收) nutrients much 3 (efficient). Astronauts will be able to harvest fresh vegetables and fruits, 4 will provide them with necessary vitamins that cannot be stored for long periods in space.
5 there were many technical difficulties, the team has made remarkable progress. The key to success lies in creating a stable environment: the temperature must be kept between 18℃ and 25℃, and the humidity level must 6 (control) exactly to mimic Earth's conditions.
Another key point is light. Since there is no 7 (nature) sunlight on the moon during its 14-day night, the greenhouse is equipped with LED lights that can adjust(调整) their brightness and spectrum according 8 the plants' growth stages. These lights are powered by solar panels, which charge batteries during the lunar day to ensure continuous 9 (operate) at night.
For young people interested in science, this project acts as an inspiration: with 10 (curious), perseverance, and teamwork, we can turn bold ideas into reality. Maybe one day you will be part of the team that improves the Lunar Greenhouse or even develops a new system for growing plants on Mars.
1.
6.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁: 说明文 主题: 航天与航空 难度: ★★★★★ 建议用时: 8 min 正确率: /10
When it comes to space exploration, one of the most exciting projects is the "Lunar Greenhouse", a closed-loop system designed to grow plants on the moon. Unlike Earth, the moon has no atmosphere to protect plants from extreme temperatures and radiation, 1 (make) it challenging for cultivation.
The Lunar Greenhouse, which 2 (develop) by a team of international scientists, uses advanced hydroponics(水培) instead of soil. This method not only saves water but also allows plants to absorb(吸收) nutrients much 3 (efficient). Astronauts will be able to harvest fresh vegetables and fruits, 4 will provide them with necessary vitamins that cannot be stored for long periods in space.
5 there were many technical difficulties, the team has made remarkable progress. The key to success lies in creating a stable environment: the temperature must be kept between 18℃ and 25℃, and the humidity level must 6 (control) exactly to mimic Earth's conditions.
Another key point is light. Since there is no 7 (nature) sunlight on the moon during its 14-day night, the greenhouse is equipped with LED lights that can adjust(调整) their brightness and spectrum according 8 the plants' growth stages. These lights are powered by solar panels, which charge batteries during the lunar day to ensure continuous 9 (operate) at night.
For young people interested in science, this project acts as an inspiration: with 10 (curious), perseverance, and teamwork, we can turn bold ideas into reality. Maybe one day you will be part of the team that improves the Lunar Greenhouse or even develops a new system for growing plants on Mars.
1.
making
2. has been developed
3. more efficiently
4. which
5. Though/Although
6.
be controlled
7. natural
8. to
9. operation
10. curiosity
答案
五、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“月球温室”项目的设计目的、工作原理、技术困难和项目意义等。
1. making 句意：与地球不同，月球没有大气层保护植物免受极端温度和辐射的影响，这使种植具有挑战性。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词has，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
＞＞ 现在分词
2. has been developed 句意：由国际科学家团队研发的月球温室，使用先进的水培法而非土壤。“which 2 (develop) by a team of international scientists”是定语从句，先行词The Lunar Greenhouse和develop是被动关系，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been＋过去分词。故填has been developed。
＞＞ 动词的时态和语态
3. more efficiently 句意：这种方法不仅可以节约用水，还可以让植物更有效地吸收营养。修饰动词“absorb”，应用副词，根据“much”可知此处应用副词的比较级。故填more efficiently。
＞＞ 副词的派生，副词的比较级
4. which 句意：宇航员将能够收获新鲜的蔬菜和水果，这将为他们提供无法在太空中长期储存的必需维生素。“ 4 will provide them with necessary vitamins that cannot be stored for long periods in space”是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，在从句中作主语。故填which。
5. Though/Although 句意：尽管存在许多技术困难，但该团队取得了非凡的进步。上下文是让步关系，句首首字母需大写。故填Though/Although。
6. be controlled 句意：成功的关键在于创造一个稳定的环境：温度必须保持在$18°C$到$25°C$之间，湿度水平必须被精确控制以模拟地球环境。主语the humidity level和control是被动关系，情态动词must后接be＋过去分词。故填be controlled。
＞＞ 动词的语态
7. natural 句意：由于月球在其14天的夜晚没有自然阳光，温室配备了LED灯，可以根据植物的生长阶段调整亮度和光谱。修饰名词“sunlight”，应用形容词。故填natural。
＞＞ 形容词的派生
8. to 句意：由于月球在其14天的夜晚没有自然阳光，温室配备了LED灯，可以根据植物的生长阶段调整亮度和光谱。according to表示“根据”。故填to。
9. operation 句意：这些灯由太阳能电池板供电，太阳能电池板在月球日为电池充电，以确保夜间的连续运行。根据“continuous”可知此处应用名词。故填operation。
＞＞ 名词的派生
10. curiosity 句意：对于对科学感兴趣的年轻人来说，这个项目是一种启发：凭借好奇心、毅力和团队合作，我们可以将大胆的想法变为现实。根据“perseverance，and teamwork”可知此处应用名词。故填curiosity。
＞＞ 名词的派生
1. making 句意：与地球不同，月球没有大气层保护植物免受极端温度和辐射的影响，这使种植具有挑战性。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词has，此处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
＞＞ 现在分词
2. has been developed 句意：由国际科学家团队研发的月球温室，使用先进的水培法而非土壤。“which 2 (develop) by a team of international scientists”是定语从句，先行词The Lunar Greenhouse和develop是被动关系，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been＋过去分词。故填has been developed。
＞＞ 动词的时态和语态
3. more efficiently 句意：这种方法不仅可以节约用水，还可以让植物更有效地吸收营养。修饰动词“absorb”，应用副词，根据“much”可知此处应用副词的比较级。故填more efficiently。
＞＞ 副词的派生，副词的比较级
4. which 句意：宇航员将能够收获新鲜的蔬菜和水果，这将为他们提供无法在太空中长期储存的必需维生素。“ 4 will provide them with necessary vitamins that cannot be stored for long periods in space”是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，在从句中作主语。故填which。
5. Though/Although 句意：尽管存在许多技术困难，但该团队取得了非凡的进步。上下文是让步关系，句首首字母需大写。故填Though/Although。
6. be controlled 句意：成功的关键在于创造一个稳定的环境：温度必须保持在$18°C$到$25°C$之间，湿度水平必须被精确控制以模拟地球环境。主语the humidity level和control是被动关系，情态动词must后接be＋过去分词。故填be controlled。
＞＞ 动词的语态
7. natural 句意：由于月球在其14天的夜晚没有自然阳光，温室配备了LED灯，可以根据植物的生长阶段调整亮度和光谱。修饰名词“sunlight”，应用形容词。故填natural。
＞＞ 形容词的派生
8. to 句意：由于月球在其14天的夜晚没有自然阳光，温室配备了LED灯，可以根据植物的生长阶段调整亮度和光谱。according to表示“根据”。故填to。
9. operation 句意：这些灯由太阳能电池板供电，太阳能电池板在月球日为电池充电，以确保夜间的连续运行。根据“continuous”可知此处应用名词。故填operation。
＞＞ 名词的派生
10. curiosity 句意：对于对科学感兴趣的年轻人来说，这个项目是一种启发：凭借好奇心、毅力和团队合作，我们可以将大胆的想法变为现实。根据“perseverance，and teamwork”可知此处应用名词。故填curiosity。
＞＞ 名词的派生
