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(二)阅读理解。
“How are you?” is a nice question. It’s a friendly way that people in the USA greet each other. But “How are you?” is also a very unusual question. It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer. The person who asks “How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isn’t really a question and “Fine” isn’t really an answer. They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes, people also don’t say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree?”, the other person might think, “No, I disagree. I think you’re wrong...” But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure”. It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone.
People also don’t say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people. For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now”. Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: “Someone’s at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove.”The excuses might be real, or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesn’t hurt the other person.
Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, people don’t say exactly what they are thinking. It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language.
1. When a person in America asks “How are you?”, he or she wants to hear “
A. How are you
B. Hello
C. I don’t know
D. Fine
2. When a person disagrees with someone, it is polite to say “
A. You are wrong. I disagree
B. I’m not sure
C. I’m sure I disagree
D. No，I disagree
3. A polite way to finish a talk is to say “
A. You have to go now
B. I want to hung up
C. I have to go now
D. I don’t want to talk anymore
4. When a person says “I have to go now”, the person may be
A. giving an excuse
B. hurting someone’s feeling
C. ill
D. asking you a question
5. The rule of the game of language is probably
A. wrong
B. unimportant
C. rude
D. polite
“How are you?” is a nice question. It’s a friendly way that people in the USA greet each other. But “How are you?” is also a very unusual question. It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer. The person who asks “How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isn’t really a question and “Fine” isn’t really an answer. They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes, people also don’t say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree?”, the other person might think, “No, I disagree. I think you’re wrong...” But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure”. It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone.
People also don’t say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people. For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now”. Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: “Someone’s at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove.”The excuses might be real, or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesn’t hurt the other person.
Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, people don’t say exactly what they are thinking. It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language.
1. When a person in America asks “How are you?”, he or she wants to hear “
D
”.A. How are you
B. Hello
C. I don’t know
D. Fine
2. When a person disagrees with someone, it is polite to say “
B
”.A. You are wrong. I disagree
B. I’m not sure
C. I’m sure I disagree
D. No，I disagree
3. A polite way to finish a talk is to say “
C
”.A. You have to go now
B. I want to hung up
C. I have to go now
D. I don’t want to talk anymore
4. When a person says “I have to go now”, the person may be
A
.A. giving an excuse
B. hurting someone’s feeling
C. ill
D. asking you a question
5. The rule of the game of language is probably
D
.A. wrong
B. unimportant
C. rude
D. polite
答案
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解细节理解题，解题思路为：首先通读全文，把握文章核心（英语交流中人们常用委婉表达保持礼貌）；接着针对每个小题，回到原文定位对应关键语句，提取有效信息后匹配选项，即可得出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段关键句“The person who asks “How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine””，可知美国人问“How are you?”时希望听到“Fine”，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：定位原文第一段关键句“when someone asks “Do you agree?”, ... it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure”. It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone”，可知不同意他人时礼貌的表达是“I’m not sure”，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：定位原文第二段关键句“many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now””，可知“I have to go now”是礼貌结束谈话的方式，对应选项C。
4. 第4题：定位原文第二段关键句“the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: ... For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now””，可知说“I have to go now”的人可能在找借口，对应选项A。
5. 第5题：定位原文最后一段关键句“Whether they are greeting each other... people don’t say exactly what they are thinking. It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other”，可知语言交流的规则是保持礼貌，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语日常交际用语
【点评】
本文围绕英语交流中的委婉表达展开，通过具体实例说明人们在沟通时会用礼貌的方式传递想法，题目均为细节定位题，只要能准确找到原文对应内容即可解答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为英语阅读理解细节理解题，解题思路为：首先通读全文，把握文章核心（英语交流中人们常用委婉表达保持礼貌）；接着针对每个小题，回到原文定位对应关键语句，提取有效信息后匹配选项，即可得出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位原文第一段关键句“The person who asks “How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine””，可知美国人问“How are you?”时希望听到“Fine”，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：定位原文第一段关键句“when someone asks “Do you agree?”, ... it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure”. It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone”，可知不同意他人时礼貌的表达是“I’m not sure”，对应选项B。
3. 第3题：定位原文第二段关键句“many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now””，可知“I have to go now”是礼貌结束谈话的方式，对应选项C。
4. 第4题：定位原文第二段关键句“the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: ... For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now””，可知说“I have to go now”的人可能在找借口，对应选项A。
5. 第5题：定位原文最后一段关键句“Whether they are greeting each other... people don’t say exactly what they are thinking. It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other”，可知语言交流的规则是保持礼貌，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语日常交际用语
【点评】
本文围绕英语交流中的委婉表达展开，通过具体实例说明人们在沟通时会用礼貌的方式传递想法，题目均为细节定位题，只要能准确找到原文对应内容即可解答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.8
