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二、阅读理解
When I first started reading *The Art of War* by famous philosopher(哲学家) Sun Tzu, I really had no idea what I was getting into. To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.
As I was trying to read different types of books at the time, some Chinese philosophy like *The Art of War* sounded like a good choice. But as soon as I opened it and started reading, I was immediately confused. Why did so many people find this book interesting? Some sayings like “The skillful soldier does not raise a second levy, neither are his supply-wagons loaded more than twice(善用兵者,役不再籍,粮不三载)” didn't make sense to me.
But like most philosophy, *The Art of War* should not be read and understood word by word. And after reading a bit more deeply, I found some interesting ideas that I could put into my own life. For example, the saying “If the enemy leaves a door open, you must rush in(敌人开阖,必亟入之)” can mean catching opportunities quickly and confidently before they disappear. I believe that the saying “The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of defeat, and then waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy.” means being well-prepared first and then waiting to find a way to win in the competition.
It's been a long time since I read the book, but I still remember some of its lessons. It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today. It's no wonder that so many business people around the world have read it over the years.
(
A. The title.
B. The philosopher.
C. Other books.
D. The sayings.
(
A. 胜可知,而不可为。
B. 昔之善战者,先为不可胜,以待敌之可胜。
C. 不可胜在己,可胜在敌。
D. 故善战者,能为不可胜,不能使敌之可胜。
(
A. Because it is still useful today.
B. Because it mirrors modern Chinese culture.
C. Because it's a good book to learn about Chinese tradition.
D. Because it is recommended by many famous people.
(
A. confused→cool→strange→useful
B. cool→confused→interesting→useful
C. enjoyable→interesting→confused→cool
D. strange→confused→interesting→useful
When I first started reading *The Art of War* by famous philosopher(哲学家) Sun Tzu, I really had no idea what I was getting into. To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.
As I was trying to read different types of books at the time, some Chinese philosophy like *The Art of War* sounded like a good choice. But as soon as I opened it and started reading, I was immediately confused. Why did so many people find this book interesting? Some sayings like “The skillful soldier does not raise a second levy, neither are his supply-wagons loaded more than twice(善用兵者,役不再籍,粮不三载)” didn't make sense to me.
But like most philosophy, *The Art of War* should not be read and understood word by word. And after reading a bit more deeply, I found some interesting ideas that I could put into my own life. For example, the saying “If the enemy leaves a door open, you must rush in(敌人开阖,必亟入之)” can mean catching opportunities quickly and confidently before they disappear. I believe that the saying “The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of defeat, and then waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy.” means being well-prepared first and then waiting to find a way to win in the competition.
It's been a long time since I read the book, but I still remember some of its lessons. It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today. It's no wonder that so many business people around the world have read it over the years.
(
A
)1. What made the writer want to read the book *The Art of War*?A. The title.
B. The philosopher.
C. Other books.
D. The sayings.
(
B
)2. Which of the following is the CORRECT Chinese translation of the underlined sentence?A. 胜可知,而不可为。
B. 昔之善战者,先为不可胜,以待敌之可胜。
C. 不可胜在己,可胜在敌。
D. 故善战者,能为不可胜,不能使敌之可胜。
(
A
)3. Why do many business people like to read the book?A. Because it is still useful today.
B. Because it mirrors modern Chinese culture.
C. Because it's a good book to learn about Chinese tradition.
D. Because it is recommended by many famous people.
(
B
)4. According to the passage, the changes of the writer's feelings may be “”.A. confused→cool→strange→useful
B. cool→confused→interesting→useful
C. enjoyable→interesting→confused→cool
D. strange→confused→interesting→useful
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，作者讲述了自己阅读《孙子兵法》后的感受。
1. A 细节理解题。根据“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”可知，作者想读《孙子兵法》是因为书名听起来很酷。故选 A。
2. B 句意猜测题。根据“means being well-prepared first and then waiting to find a way to win in the competition”可猜测出，画线部分的汉语意思应是先做好充分的准备，然后等待找到在竞争中获胜的方法，也就是“昔之善战者，先为不可胜，以待敌之可胜”。故选 B。
3. A 细节理解题。根据文中“... that is still useful today. It's no wonder that so many business people around the world have read it over the years.”可知，许多商业人士喜欢读这本书，是因为它在今天仍然有用。故选 A。
4. B 推理判断题。根据文中“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”“But as soon as I opened it and started reading, I was immediately confused.”“And after reading a bit more deeply, I found some interesting ideas that I could put into my own life.”和“It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today.”可推理出，作者的情感变化是从“酷的”→“困惑的”→“有趣的”→“有用的”，即“cool→confused→interesting→useful”。故选 B。
1. A 细节理解题。根据“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”可知，作者想读《孙子兵法》是因为书名听起来很酷。故选 A。
2. B 句意猜测题。根据“means being well-prepared first and then waiting to find a way to win in the competition”可猜测出，画线部分的汉语意思应是先做好充分的准备，然后等待找到在竞争中获胜的方法，也就是“昔之善战者，先为不可胜，以待敌之可胜”。故选 B。
3. A 细节理解题。根据文中“... that is still useful today. It's no wonder that so many business people around the world have read it over the years.”可知，许多商业人士喜欢读这本书，是因为它在今天仍然有用。故选 A。
4. B 推理判断题。根据文中“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”“But as soon as I opened it and started reading, I was immediately confused.”“And after reading a bit more deeply, I found some interesting ideas that I could put into my own life.”和“It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today.”可推理出，作者的情感变化是从“酷的”→“困惑的”→“有趣的”→“有用的”，即“cool→confused→interesting→useful”。故选 B。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于阅读《孙子兵法》感悟的议论文阅读理解。解题时，首先要通读全文，把握文章整体脉络，了解作者从接触这本书到理解这本书的情感变化和核心感悟。然后针对不同题型采用对应方法：
1. 细节理解题：回到原文找到题目对应的语句，提取关键信息即可得出答案，比如第1、3题。
2. 句意猜测题：先理解原文中对该句子的解释，再匹配对应的中文翻译，比如第2题，根据后文的释义来对应选项。
3. 推理判断题：梳理文中作者情感变化的关键节点，从最初对书名的印象，到阅读时的困惑，再到深入阅读发现趣味，最后意识到书籍的实用性，串联这些节点得出情感变化线，对应第4题。
【解析】
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，作者分享了自己阅读《孙子兵法》的经历与感悟，从最初被书名吸引，到阅读时的困惑，再到深入理解后发现书中思想对生活的实用性。
1. 第1题：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”可知，作者是因为觉得这本书的书名听起来很酷才想要阅读它，故选A。
2. 第2题：句意猜测题。文中提到该句子的意思是“先做好充分的准备，然后等待找到在竞争中获胜的方法”，与选项B“昔之善战者，先为不可胜，以待敌之可胜”的含义一致，故选B。
3. 第3题：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today. It's no wonder that so many business people around the world have read it over the years.”可知，商界人士喜欢这本书是因为它在如今依然有实用价值，故选A。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。根据文中语句：“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”（最初对书名的感觉）→“But as soon as I opened it and started reading, I was immediately confused.”（阅读时的困惑）→“And after reading a bit more deeply, I found some interesting ideas that I could put into my own life.”（深入阅读发现趣味）→“It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today.”（意识到书籍的实用性），可推断出作者的情感变化是cool→confused→interesting→useful，故选B。
【答案】
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
【知识点】
细节理解解法、句意猜测技巧、情感推理方法
【点评】
本文围绕经典著作《孙子兵法》展开阅读感悟，题目设置涵盖阅读理解常见题型，既考查对原文细节的抓取能力，也考查对语句含义的理解和情感变化的推理能力，能帮助学生掌握不同题型的解题思路，同时了解经典著作的现代价值。
【难度系数】
0.4
这是一篇关于阅读《孙子兵法》感悟的议论文阅读理解。解题时，首先要通读全文，把握文章整体脉络，了解作者从接触这本书到理解这本书的情感变化和核心感悟。然后针对不同题型采用对应方法：
1. 细节理解题：回到原文找到题目对应的语句，提取关键信息即可得出答案，比如第1、3题。
2. 句意猜测题：先理解原文中对该句子的解释，再匹配对应的中文翻译，比如第2题，根据后文的释义来对应选项。
3. 推理判断题：梳理文中作者情感变化的关键节点，从最初对书名的印象，到阅读时的困惑，再到深入阅读发现趣味，最后意识到书籍的实用性，串联这些节点得出情感变化线，对应第4题。
【解析】
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，作者分享了自己阅读《孙子兵法》的经历与感悟，从最初被书名吸引，到阅读时的困惑，再到深入理解后发现书中思想对生活的实用性。
1. 第1题：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”可知，作者是因为觉得这本书的书名听起来很酷才想要阅读它，故选A。
2. 第2题：句意猜测题。文中提到该句子的意思是“先做好充分的准备，然后等待找到在竞争中获胜的方法”，与选项B“昔之善战者，先为不可胜，以待敌之可胜”的含义一致，故选B。
3. 第3题：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today. It's no wonder that so many business people around the world have read it over the years.”可知，商界人士喜欢这本书是因为它在如今依然有实用价值，故选A。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。根据文中语句：“To be honest, I just thought the title sounded cool.”（最初对书名的感觉）→“But as soon as I opened it and started reading, I was immediately confused.”（阅读时的困惑）→“And after reading a bit more deeply, I found some interesting ideas that I could put into my own life.”（深入阅读发现趣味）→“It is interesting to look into ancient Chinese culture that is still useful today.”（意识到书籍的实用性），可推断出作者的情感变化是cool→confused→interesting→useful，故选B。
【答案】
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. B
【知识点】
细节理解解法、句意猜测技巧、情感推理方法
【点评】
本文围绕经典著作《孙子兵法》展开阅读感悟，题目设置涵盖阅读理解常见题型，既考查对原文细节的抓取能力，也考查对语句含义的理解和情感变化的推理能力，能帮助学生掌握不同题型的解题思路，同时了解经典著作的现代价值。
【难度系数】
0.4
