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一、阅读理解
Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world.
① Most travellers enjoy meeting new people, but sometimes you will be rude without knowing the customs when people first meet. In Russia, you should never shake hands in a doorway. When the Japanese meet new people, they like giving business cards, but you should read the card carefully, not just put it in your pocket.
② In most countries in Europe, people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them. But in many Asian countries, a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly. And in China, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk, but in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space.
③ In restaurants in China, you can leave a bit of food on your plate. It's OK to start talking loudly before other people finish eating, which you mustn't do in the UK. When in India, remember to eat with your right hand. Also avoid leaving empty bottles on the dinner table in Russia—that's too bad luck.
④ When you are travelling in Asia, if someone invites you to his or her home, don't forget to take off your shoes when you arrive. And if you visit an Arab family's home, don't admire anything valuable because your host will feel he should give it to you as a present.
With so much to think about, it's not surprising that many people prefer going on holiday in their own countries, or you might just decide to stay at home! But anyway, wherever you go, please remember, you should respect the local customs there and try to get used to the life there.
(
A. Friends.
B. Plans.
C. Customs.
D. Feelings.
(
a. Eye contact.
b. Visiting a family.
c. Meeting new friends.
d. While talking.
e. Shake hands.
f. Table manners.
A. ①→e；②→a；③→f；④→b
B. ①→c；②→a；③→f；④→b
C. ①→c；②→d；③→f；④→b
D. ①→e；②→d；③→f；④→c
(
A. In Russia, it's impolite to shake hands with people in a doorway.
B. In the USA, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk.
C. In India, people eat with their left hand.
D. In Arab, we can admire something valuable in people's home.
(
A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.
D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
(
Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world.
① Most travellers enjoy meeting new people, but sometimes you will be rude without knowing the customs when people first meet. In Russia, you should never shake hands in a doorway. When the Japanese meet new people, they like giving business cards, but you should read the card carefully, not just put it in your pocket.
② In most countries in Europe, people expect a lot of eye contact when you talk to them. But in many Asian countries, a lot of eye contact seems unfriendly. And in China, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk, but in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space.
③ In restaurants in China, you can leave a bit of food on your plate. It's OK to start talking loudly before other people finish eating, which you mustn't do in the UK. When in India, remember to eat with your right hand. Also avoid leaving empty bottles on the dinner table in Russia—that's too bad luck.
④ When you are travelling in Asia, if someone invites you to his or her home, don't forget to take off your shoes when you arrive. And if you visit an Arab family's home, don't admire anything valuable because your host will feel he should give it to you as a present.
With so much to think about, it's not surprising that many people prefer going on holiday in their own countries, or you might just decide to stay at home! But anyway, wherever you go, please remember, you should respect the local customs there and try to get used to the life there.
(
C
)1. What is the theme of the passage?A. Friends.
B. Plans.
C. Customs.
D. Feelings.
(
B
)2. Match the title with each paragraph (Paragraph 2—Paragraph 5).a. Eye contact.
b. Visiting a family.
c. Meeting new friends.
d. While talking.
e. Shake hands.
f. Table manners.
A. ①→e；②→a；③→f；④→b
B. ①→c；②→a；③→f；④→b
C. ①→c；②→d；③→f；④→b
D. ①→e；②→d；③→f；④→c
(
A
)3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. In Russia, it's impolite to shake hands with people in a doorway.
B. In the USA, people usually stand quite close to each other when they talk.
C. In India, people eat with their left hand.
D. In Arab, we can admire something valuable in people's home.
(
D
)4. What does the writer want to tell us?A. Practice makes perfect.
B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. Where there is a will, there is a way.
D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
(
D
)5. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了许多人喜欢到国外旅行，需要在出国前了解在不同情境下的言行举止是否得体。
1. C 主旨大意题。根据“Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you
should know how to behave in different situations around the world.”可知，本文主要讲述的是如果你计划出国旅行，你应该知道在世界各地不同的情况下如何表现，可推测出文章的主题是“习俗”。故选 C。
2. B 补全文章题。根据文章可知，第二段讲述了结识新朋友时的一些举动；第三段讲述的是不同国家对于眼神交流的不同要求；第四段讲述的是餐桌礼仪；第五段讲述的是拜访一个家庭时的行为。故选 B。
3. A 判断正误题。根据“In Russia, you should never shake hands in a doorway.”可知，在俄罗斯，在门口与人握手是不礼貌的。故选 A。
4. D 推理判断题。通读整篇短文可推知，作者主要是想告诉我们“入乡随俗”的道理。故选 D。
5. D 篇章结构题。通读整篇短文可知，第一段主要是引出话题；第二段到第五段分别从结识新朋友、眼神交流、餐桌礼仪和拜访一个家庭四个方面讲述在不同的国家的不同习俗；第六段主要是对文章进行总结，所以文章是总—分—总结构。故选 D。
1. C 主旨大意题。根据“Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you
should know how to behave in different situations around the world.”可知，本文主要讲述的是如果你计划出国旅行，你应该知道在世界各地不同的情况下如何表现，可推测出文章的主题是“习俗”。故选 C。
2. B 补全文章题。根据文章可知，第二段讲述了结识新朋友时的一些举动；第三段讲述的是不同国家对于眼神交流的不同要求；第四段讲述的是餐桌礼仪；第五段讲述的是拜访一个家庭时的行为。故选 B。
3. A 判断正误题。根据“In Russia, you should never shake hands in a doorway.”可知，在俄罗斯，在门口与人握手是不礼貌的。故选 A。
4. D 推理判断题。通读整篇短文可推知，作者主要是想告诉我们“入乡随俗”的道理。故选 D。
5. D 篇章结构题。通读整篇短文可知，第一段主要是引出话题；第二段到第五段分别从结识新朋友、眼神交流、餐桌礼仪和拜访一个家庭四个方面讲述在不同的国家的不同习俗；第六段主要是对文章进行总结，所以文章是总—分—总结构。故选 D。
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于跨文化交际习俗的阅读理解题，解题时需根据不同题型采用对应技巧：
1. 第1题主旨大意题：需抓住文章开篇中心句，文章首段点明出国旅行要了解不同情境下的行为规范，后续段落均围绕各国不同场景的习俗展开，由此可推断主题。
2. 第2题段落匹配题：要逐一分析第2-5段的核心内容：第2段讲初次结识新朋友的礼仪，第3段聚焦不同国家对眼神交流的不同要求，第4段介绍餐桌礼仪，第5段说明拜访家庭的注意事项，再匹配对应选项。
3. 第3题判断正误题：需将每个选项与原文细节逐一比对，验证选项表述是否与原文一致，排除错误选项。
4. 第4题推理判断题：通读全文，把握文章核心意图，文章强调出国要尊重当地习俗，对应“入乡随俗”的谚语。
5. 第5题篇章结构题：梳理文章脉络，首段引入话题，中间四段分述不同场景的习俗，末段总结升华，判断为总-分-总结构。
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们出国旅行时，需要了解世界各地不同情境下的言行举止规范，尊重当地习俗。
1. 主旨大意题：根据文章首句“Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world.”可知，全文围绕出国旅行需了解各国不同场景的行为习俗展开，主题为“习俗”，故选C。
2. 段落匹配题：第2段讲述结识新朋友时的礼仪细节；第3段介绍不同国家对眼神交流的不同要求；第4段说明各国餐桌礼仪差异；第5段介绍拜访家庭时的注意事项，对应选项B（①→c；②→a；③→f；④→b），故选B。
3. 判断正误题：
A选项：根据“In Russia, you should never shake hands in a doorway.”可知，在俄罗斯门口握手是不礼貌的，表述正确；
B选项：原文提到“in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space”，说明美国需要私人空间，并非站得近，表述错误；
C选项：原文指出“When in India, remember to eat with your right hand.”，印度人用右手吃饭，不是左手，表述错误；
D选项：根据“if you visit an Arab family's home, don't admire anything valuable”可知，阿拉伯家庭不能称赞贵重物品，表述错误。故选A。
4. 推理判断题：通读全文，文章核心是告知人们出国要尊重当地不同习俗，对应谚语“When in Rome, do as the Romans do（入乡随俗）”，故选D。
5. 篇章结构题：文章首段引出“出国需了解各国行为规范”的话题；第2-5段分别从结识新朋友、眼神交流、餐桌礼仪、拜访家庭四个方面分述各国习俗；末段总结强调要尊重当地习俗，属于总-分-总结构，故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. D
【知识点】
主旨大意题解法、细节理解判断、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本文围绕出国旅行的跨文化习俗展开，涵盖多种常考阅读理解题型，既考查学生对不同题型解题技巧的掌握，也引导学生积累跨文化交际知识，有助于提升学生的阅读理解能力与跨文化意识。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇关于跨文化交际习俗的阅读理解题，解题时需根据不同题型采用对应技巧：
1. 第1题主旨大意题：需抓住文章开篇中心句，文章首段点明出国旅行要了解不同情境下的行为规范，后续段落均围绕各国不同场景的习俗展开，由此可推断主题。
2. 第2题段落匹配题：要逐一分析第2-5段的核心内容：第2段讲初次结识新朋友的礼仪，第3段聚焦不同国家对眼神交流的不同要求，第4段介绍餐桌礼仪，第5段说明拜访家庭的注意事项，再匹配对应选项。
3. 第3题判断正误题：需将每个选项与原文细节逐一比对，验证选项表述是否与原文一致，排除错误选项。
4. 第4题推理判断题：通读全文，把握文章核心意图，文章强调出国要尊重当地习俗，对应“入乡随俗”的谚语。
5. 第5题篇章结构题：梳理文章脉络，首段引入话题，中间四段分述不同场景的习俗，末段总结升华，判断为总-分-总结构。
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们出国旅行时，需要了解世界各地不同情境下的言行举止规范，尊重当地习俗。
1. 主旨大意题：根据文章首句“Many people love travelling to different countries, but if you plan to go abroad, you should know how to behave in different situations around the world.”可知，全文围绕出国旅行需了解各国不同场景的行为习俗展开，主题为“习俗”，故选C。
2. 段落匹配题：第2段讲述结识新朋友时的礼仪细节；第3段介绍不同国家对眼神交流的不同要求；第4段说明各国餐桌礼仪差异；第5段介绍拜访家庭时的注意事项，对应选项B（①→c；②→a；③→f；④→b），故选B。
3. 判断正误题：
A选项：根据“In Russia, you should never shake hands in a doorway.”可知，在俄罗斯门口握手是不礼貌的，表述正确；
B选项：原文提到“in countries like the USA you need to give people more personal space”，说明美国需要私人空间，并非站得近，表述错误；
C选项：原文指出“When in India, remember to eat with your right hand.”，印度人用右手吃饭，不是左手，表述错误；
D选项：根据“if you visit an Arab family's home, don't admire anything valuable”可知，阿拉伯家庭不能称赞贵重物品，表述错误。故选A。
4. 推理判断题：通读全文，文章核心是告知人们出国要尊重当地不同习俗，对应谚语“When in Rome, do as the Romans do（入乡随俗）”，故选D。
5. 篇章结构题：文章首段引出“出国需了解各国行为规范”的话题；第2-5段分别从结识新朋友、眼神交流、餐桌礼仪、拜访家庭四个方面分述各国习俗；末段总结强调要尊重当地习俗，属于总-分-总结构，故选D。
【答案】
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. D
【知识点】
主旨大意题解法、细节理解判断、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本文围绕出国旅行的跨文化习俗展开，涵盖多种常考阅读理解题型，既考查学生对不同题型解题技巧的掌握，也引导学生积累跨文化交际知识，有助于提升学生的阅读理解能力与跨文化意识。
【难度系数】
0.6
