六、阅读理解。
Good manners play a key role in making people get along well with each other. However, what is considered polite varies a lot from one country to another. Knowing these differences can help us avoid embarrassment when communicating with people from different cultures.
In Japan, table manners are quite strict. When eating noodles, it is polite to make a loud slurping(出声地喝)sound. Unlike many other countries where quiet eating is expected, this sound in Japan shows that you are enjoying the food. Also, when you receive a gift, you should open it carefully after the giver leaves. Opening it immediately in front of the giver might make them feel uncomfortable.
In India, greeting people properly is an important part of good manners. People usually put their hands together in front of their chests and nod slightly when saying hello. This gesture is called "Namaste" and it shows respect. Besides, it's rude to touch a child's head, even if you think the child is cute. Indians believe that the head is the most sacred part of the human body.
In France, people pay much attention to manners when talking. They always greet others with a handshake or a kiss on both cheeks, depending on how close they are. During a meal, it's impolite to put your elbows on the table. Also, you shouldn't rush to finish your food; taking your time while eating is a sign of good taste and politeness.
Whether we are travelling abroad or meeting foreigners in our own country, learning about different manners is necessary. After all, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do" helps us build better relationships with people around the world.
()1. Why is making a loud slurping sound acceptable when eating noodles in Japan?
A. It shows the noodles are very hot.
B. It means the eater is enjoying the noodles.
C. It is a way to thank the cook.
D. It is a tradition only for the elderly.
()2. What does the underlined word "sacred" probably mean in Chinese?
A. 普通的
B. 神圣的
C. 脆弱的
D. 忙碌的
()3. Which of the following is considered impolite in France?
A. Greeting others with a handshake.
B. Kissing friends on both cheeks.
C. Putting elbows on the table during a meal.
D. Taking time to finish the meal.
()4. Which of the following best describes the structure of the passage?
A. ①/②③④/⑤
B. ①②/③④/⑤
C. ①/②③/④⑤
D. ①②③/④/⑤
()5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Table manners are the most important in the world.
B. Greeting gestures are the same in different countries.
C. Good manners are different in different countries.
D. French people are the most polite in the world.

1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先快速通读全文，把握文章核心话题是不同国家的礼仪存在差异。之后针对不同题型采用对应方法解题：1. 细节题带着题干的关键词返回原文精准定位，直接匹配原文表述选出答案；2. 词义猜测题结合划线词前后的上下文逻辑，通过已知信息推导生词含义；3. 篇章结构题逐段分析段落的作用，判断是总起、分述还是总结，再匹配结构划分；4. 主旨大意题抓首尾段的核心主旨句，排除片面、错误的干扰选项即可得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：定位原文第二段内容，文中明确说明在日本吃面条时发出吸溜的声音是礼貌的，该声音代表你很享受食物，对应选项B。选项A“说明面条很烫”、选项C“是感谢厨师的方式”、选项D“是仅面向老人的传统”均无原文依据，因此选B。
2. 词义猜测题：划线词前文提到在印度随意触碰小孩的头部是非常失礼的行为，由此可推知印度人认为头部是人体最尊贵、神圣的部位，因此sacred的中文含义是“神圣的”，选B。
3. 细节理解题：定位原文第四段关于法国礼仪的描述，文中明确提到用餐时把肘部放在桌子上是不礼貌的，对应选项C。选项A“用握手问候他人”、选项B“亲吻朋友的双颊”、选项D“慢慢用餐”都是法国文化中符合礼仪的行为，因此选C。
4. 篇章结构题：第1段是总起段，点明不同国家的礼仪标准差异很大，了解差异可以避免跨文化交流的尴尬；第2、3、4段是分述部分，分别介绍日本、印度、法国三个国家的特色礼仪规范；第5段是总结段，点明入乡随俗的重要性，整体为总-分-总结构，结构划分为①/②③④/⑤，选A。
5. 主旨大意题：全文开篇就点明核心观点“不同国家对礼貌的定义差异很大”，后续通过三个国家的例子展开说明，最后总结要尊重不同文化的礼仪，因此核心主旨是“良好的礼仪在不同国家各不相同”，对应选项C。选项A“餐桌礼仪是全世界最重要的”表述错误，选项B“不同国家的问候手势是一样的”和原文内容相悖，选项D“法国人是全世界最有礼貌的”属于无中生有，因此选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C
【知识点】
细节信息定位，词义猜测，篇章结构分析
【点评】
这是一篇介绍跨文化礼仪的说明类阅读，整体难度适中，大部分题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，既考察了学生快速抓取文本关键信息的基础阅读能力，也兼顾了对词义推断、篇章逻辑梳理、主旨归纳能力的考查，同时还能帮助学生积累不同国家的文化常识，树立跨文化交流的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7