登录
1. 你知道“现在完成时(2)”的用法吗?
【即学即练】用for或since填空。
(1)She has been a volunteer 2024.
(2)I have been busy these days. I haven't had a day off two months.
(3)Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.
(4)Lily is in the classroom now. She has stayed there the bell rang.
(5)Jim has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.
【即学即练】用for或since填空。
(1)She has been a volunteer 2024.
(2)I have been busy these days. I haven't had a day off two months.
(3)Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.
(4)Lily is in the classroom now. She has stayed there the bell rang.
(5)Jim has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.
答案
(1)since
(2)for
(3)for
(4)since
(5)for; since
(2)for
(3)for
(4)since
(5)for; since
解析
在现在完成时中，since后接过去时间点或一般过去时的从句，表明动作从过去某一时刻开始持续到现在；for后接时间段，表明动作持续的时长，据此规则完成填空。
2. 同学们,观察以下例句,你能总结现在完成时中非延续性动词的用法吗?
I haven't bought any food since last week. 自从上周起,我还没买任何食物。(现在完成时)
I haven't seen him for a long time. 我很久没见到他了。(现在完成时)
He joined the club last year. 他去年加入了俱乐部。(一般过去时)
He has been a member of the club since last year.
自从去年起,他就是俱乐部的一员。(现在完成时)
The film began ten minutes ago. 电影十分钟以前就开演了。(一般过去时)
The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已经开演十分钟了。(现在完成时)
总结:非延续性动词一般①与表示持续性时间的状语(如for three days,since 2020)连用,但在②(肯定/否定)结构中,可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。
注意:在现在完成时的肯定句中,非延续性动词要变为相对应的延续性动词或是表示状态的系表结构。
【即学即练】用所给词的一般过去时或现在完成时形式填空,使语篇意思完整。
play borrow keep
Three years ago, my good friend Li Hua (1) an unused guitar from his cousin, and he only(2) it for fun at first. Yet his love for music has grown so much since then that he (3) the guitar all these years and now practises every day!
buy join have be
Last year, something wonderful happened to him—he (4) the school music club. And he (5) a member for a whole year. Last month, he (6) a nice, cheap, but really cool bicycle. We know he (7) it for one month so far. Now he rides it to school every day and also to the music club for his practice.
I haven't bought any food since last week. 自从上周起,我还没买任何食物。(现在完成时)
I haven't seen him for a long time. 我很久没见到他了。(现在完成时)
He joined the club last year. 他去年加入了俱乐部。(一般过去时)
He has been a member of the club since last year.
自从去年起,他就是俱乐部的一员。(现在完成时)
The film began ten minutes ago. 电影十分钟以前就开演了。(一般过去时)
The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已经开演十分钟了。(现在完成时)
总结:非延续性动词一般①与表示持续性时间的状语(如for three days,since 2020)连用,但在②(肯定/否定)结构中,可用非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。
注意:在现在完成时的肯定句中,非延续性动词要变为相对应的延续性动词或是表示状态的系表结构。
【即学即练】用所给词的一般过去时或现在完成时形式填空,使语篇意思完整。
play borrow keep
Three years ago, my good friend Li Hua (1) an unused guitar from his cousin, and he only(2) it for fun at first. Yet his love for music has grown so much since then that he (3) the guitar all these years and now practises every day!
buy join have be
Last year, something wonderful happened to him—he (4) the school music club. And he (5) a member for a whole year. Last month, he (6) a nice, cheap, but really cool bicycle. We know he (7) it for one month so far. Now he rides it to school every day and also to the music club for his practice.
答案
总结：①不能；②否定
即学即练：
(1) borrowed
(2) played
(3) has kept
(4) joined
(5) has been
(6) bought
(7) has had
即学即练：
(1) borrowed
(2) played
(3) has kept
(4) joined
(5) has been
(6) bought
(7) has had
解析
1. 总结部分：非延续性动词属于短暂性动作，无法持续发生，因此一般不能与表示持续性时间的状语连用；但在否定结构中，非延续性动词的现在完成时可用来表示持续的动作或状态，因为否定的状态可以持续存在。
2. 即学即练部分：
(1) “Three years ago”是过去时间标志，需用一般过去时，borrow的过去式为borrowed；
(2) “at first”表明是过去的动作，用play的过去式played；
(3) “all these years”是持续性时间状语，需用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，keep的现在完成时形式为has kept；
(4) “Last year”是过去时间标志，用join的过去式joined；
(5) “for a whole year”是持续性时间状语，需用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，be的现在完成时形式为has been；
(6) “Last month”是过去时间标志，用buy的过去式bought；
(7) “for one month so far”是现在完成时标志，需用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，have的现在完成时形式为has had。
2. 即学即练部分：
(1) “Three years ago”是过去时间标志，需用一般过去时，borrow的过去式为borrowed；
(2) “at first”表明是过去的动作，用play的过去式played；
(3) “all these years”是持续性时间状语，需用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，keep的现在完成时形式为has kept；
(4) “Last year”是过去时间标志，用join的过去式joined；
(5) “for a whole year”是持续性时间状语，需用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，be的现在完成时形式为has been；
(6) “Last month”是过去时间标志，用buy的过去式bought；
(7) “for one month so far”是现在完成时标志，需用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，have的现在完成时形式为has had。
