1. 你知道现在完成时和一般过去时的区别吗?

总结:
现在完成时是time until now(直到现在),表示动作发生在过去,但对现在有影响,强调的是①的情况。一般过去时是finished time,强调②的情况,要与表示过去的时间连用,例如last week、③、等。现在完成时④和表示具体过去的时间连用。
【即学即练】用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)Mo Yan is a famous writer. He (write) many books so far. He (win) the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012.
(2)We (not/have) a holiday last year.
(3)What time (you/go) to bed last night?
(4)I live with my parents now, but I (live) with my grandpa for many years because my school was close to his home.
(5) (you ever meet) a famous person?
(6)—What is Datong like? Is it beautiful?
—I don't know. I (not/be) there.

总结：
①现在
②过去（已完成）
③yesterday；two days ago（答案不唯一，合理即可）
④不能
即学即练：
(1) has written；won
(2) didn't have
(3) did you go
(4) lived
(5) Have you ever met
(6) haven't been

现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在或对现在有影响，强调现在的情况；一般过去时表示过去已完成的动作，强调过去（已结束）的情况，常和具体过去时间连用，如last week、yesterday、two days ago等，且现在完成时不能和具体过去时间连用。即学即练需根据时间标志词（如so far、in 2012、last year等）和语境判断时态：现在完成时侧重与现在的关联，一般过去时侧重过去的动作本身。