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一、完形填空 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the latest report of the 2024 Global Cities Index (全球城市指数) released by CAUPD, Shenzhen ranked 11. When it comes to Shenzhen, young, modern, exciting, all these words 1 to be the right ones for it.
Many years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village. In 1980, it became China's first special economic zone (经济特区). With its fast 2 , Shenzhen has become one of China's biggest cities.
On December 29th, 1985, Shenzhen 3 building the International Trade Centre. It became China's tallest building at that time. The world was surprised at how 4 people built it. It took only three days to build one new floor. After that, the city became famous 5 its high efficiency (效率), which is called "Shenzhen speed."
It develops quickly, 6 young people from all over China come to Shenzhen to make their dreams 7 . According to China Daily, about 65 percent of the people in Shenzhen grow up in other places. But no one feels like an outsider. As the famous saying goes, "You become a Shenzhenite if you come to Shenzhen."
A student called Zeng Jingxian says, "Shenzhen is a very 8 city for hard-working people. People in Shenzhen are kind to each other. If you work hard, you will make a good living here 9 as Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances of getting a job. In Shenzhen, many people, especially the young, started from 10 . But through their hard work, they live a good life now."
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In the latest report of the 2024 Global Cities Index (全球城市指数) released by CAUPD, Shenzhen ranked 11. When it comes to Shenzhen, young, modern, exciting, all these words 1 to be the right ones for it.
Many years ago, Shenzhen was just a small fishing village. In 1980, it became China's first special economic zone (经济特区). With its fast 2 , Shenzhen has become one of China's biggest cities.
On December 29th, 1985, Shenzhen 3 building the International Trade Centre. It became China's tallest building at that time. The world was surprised at how 4 people built it. It took only three days to build one new floor. After that, the city became famous 5 its high efficiency (效率), which is called "Shenzhen speed."
It develops quickly, 6 young people from all over China come to Shenzhen to make their dreams 7 . According to China Daily, about 65 percent of the people in Shenzhen grow up in other places. But no one feels like an outsider. As the famous saying goes, "You become a Shenzhenite if you come to Shenzhen."
A student called Zeng Jingxian says, "Shenzhen is a very 8 city for hard-working people. People in Shenzhen are kind to each other. If you work hard, you will make a good living here 9 as Shenzhen is a great city with lots of chances of getting a job. In Shenzhen, many people, especially the young, started from 10 . But through their hard work, they live a good life now."
(
A
) 1. A. seem B. help C. want D. decide(
B
) 2. A. difference B. development C. introduction D. achievement(
C
) 3. A. remembered B. enjoyed C. finished D. advised(
D
) 4. A. beautifully B. cheaply C. carefully D. quickly(
C
) 5. A. of B. as C. for D. to(
B
) 6. A. if B. so C. but D. when(
A
) 7. A. come true B. come out C. come over D. come back(
A
) 8. A. friendly B. clever C. strange D. usual(
B
) 9. A. suddenly B. easily C. luckily D. sadly(
C
) 10. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything答案
1—5: ABCDC
6—10: BAABC
6—10: BAABC
解析
【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，抓住文章核心主旨：本文主要介绍了深圳从小渔村发展为国际化大都市的历程，包括“深圳速度”的由来、城市包容友好的特点。接下来解题时可以按照三个步骤推进：1. 结合上下文的前后提示信息，排除不符合语境的选项；2. 遇到涉及固定搭配的题目，直接调用积累的短语用法判断；3. 所有空选完后回读全文，验证语句逻辑是否通顺，确保选择的答案符合整篇文章的叙事逻辑。
【解析】
1. 第1空：句意为“提到深圳，年轻、现代、充满活力，所有这些词似乎都很适合它”。A. seem似乎；B. help帮助；C. want想要；D. decide决定，只有seem符合语境，选A。
2. 第2空：句意为“伴随着快速发展，深圳已经成为中国最大的城市之一”。前文提到深圳从渔村变为经济特区，这里描述它的成长过程，A. difference差异；B. development发展；C. introduction介绍；D. achievement成就，选B符合逻辑。
3. 第3空：句意为“1985年12月29日，深圳建成了国际贸易中心，它成为了当时中国最高的建筑”。只有完工之后建筑才能投入使用、成为最高建筑，A. remembered记得；B. enjoyed享受；C. finished完成；D. advised建议，选C。
4. 第4空：句意为“全世界都对人们建造它的速度之快感到惊讶”，后文明确提示“仅用三天就能建好一层新楼”，说明建造速度极快，A. beautifully美丽地；B. cheaply便宜地；C. carefully仔细地；D. quickly快速地，选D。
5. 第5空：句意为“在那之后，这座城市因为它的高效率而出名，这被称为‘深圳速度’”，固定搭配be famous for表示“因……而出名”，符合语境，选C。
6. 第6空：句意为“它发展得很快，所以来自全中国的年轻人都来到深圳”，前后是前因后果的因果逻辑关系，A. if如果；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. when当……时，选B。
7. 第7空：句意为“来这里实现他们的梦想”，A. come true实现；B. come out出版/出现；C. come over顺便拜访；D. come back返回，“梦想实现”用come true，选A。
8. 第8空：句意为“深圳对努力工作的人来说是一个非常友好的城市”，后文提示“深圳的人们对彼此很友善”，对应“友好的”描述，A. friendly友好的；B. clever聪明的；C. strange奇怪的；D. usual寻常的，选A。
9. 第9空：句意为“如果你努力工作，你在这里很容易就能过上好日子，因为深圳是一个有很多就业机会的优秀城市”，大量工作机会意味着努力就容易谋生，A. suddenly突然；B. easily容易地；C. luckily幸运地；D. sadly悲伤地，选B。
10. 第10空：句意为“在深圳，很多人尤其是年轻人，都是白手起家”，start from nothing是固定表达，意为“从一无所有开始打拼、白手起家”，A. something某些事物；B. anything任何事物；C. nothing什么都没有；D. everything一切，选C。
【答案】
1—5: ABCDC
6—10: BAABC
【知识点】
词义语境辨析，固定短语搭配，上下文逻辑理解
【点评】
本篇完形填空选取深圳发展的热点话题，贴近现实生活，整体难度适中。大部分题目都可以通过上下文给出的明确提示直接选出答案，核心考察学生对初中阶段常用动词短语、介词固定搭配的掌握程度，提醒学生做完形填空切忌脱离上下文孤立判断单个空，要学会从前后文找对应提示信息辅助解题。
【难度系数】
0.7
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，抓住文章核心主旨：本文主要介绍了深圳从小渔村发展为国际化大都市的历程，包括“深圳速度”的由来、城市包容友好的特点。接下来解题时可以按照三个步骤推进：1. 结合上下文的前后提示信息，排除不符合语境的选项；2. 遇到涉及固定搭配的题目，直接调用积累的短语用法判断；3. 所有空选完后回读全文，验证语句逻辑是否通顺，确保选择的答案符合整篇文章的叙事逻辑。
【解析】
1. 第1空：句意为“提到深圳，年轻、现代、充满活力，所有这些词似乎都很适合它”。A. seem似乎；B. help帮助；C. want想要；D. decide决定，只有seem符合语境，选A。
2. 第2空：句意为“伴随着快速发展，深圳已经成为中国最大的城市之一”。前文提到深圳从渔村变为经济特区，这里描述它的成长过程，A. difference差异；B. development发展；C. introduction介绍；D. achievement成就，选B符合逻辑。
3. 第3空：句意为“1985年12月29日，深圳建成了国际贸易中心，它成为了当时中国最高的建筑”。只有完工之后建筑才能投入使用、成为最高建筑，A. remembered记得；B. enjoyed享受；C. finished完成；D. advised建议，选C。
4. 第4空：句意为“全世界都对人们建造它的速度之快感到惊讶”，后文明确提示“仅用三天就能建好一层新楼”，说明建造速度极快，A. beautifully美丽地；B. cheaply便宜地；C. carefully仔细地；D. quickly快速地，选D。
5. 第5空：句意为“在那之后，这座城市因为它的高效率而出名，这被称为‘深圳速度’”，固定搭配be famous for表示“因……而出名”，符合语境，选C。
6. 第6空：句意为“它发展得很快，所以来自全中国的年轻人都来到深圳”，前后是前因后果的因果逻辑关系，A. if如果；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. when当……时，选B。
7. 第7空：句意为“来这里实现他们的梦想”，A. come true实现；B. come out出版/出现；C. come over顺便拜访；D. come back返回，“梦想实现”用come true，选A。
8. 第8空：句意为“深圳对努力工作的人来说是一个非常友好的城市”，后文提示“深圳的人们对彼此很友善”，对应“友好的”描述，A. friendly友好的；B. clever聪明的；C. strange奇怪的；D. usual寻常的，选A。
9. 第9空：句意为“如果你努力工作，你在这里很容易就能过上好日子，因为深圳是一个有很多就业机会的优秀城市”，大量工作机会意味着努力就容易谋生，A. suddenly突然；B. easily容易地；C. luckily幸运地；D. sadly悲伤地，选B。
10. 第10空：句意为“在深圳，很多人尤其是年轻人，都是白手起家”，start from nothing是固定表达，意为“从一无所有开始打拼、白手起家”，A. something某些事物；B. anything任何事物；C. nothing什么都没有；D. everything一切，选C。
【答案】
1—5: ABCDC
6—10: BAABC
【知识点】
词义语境辨析，固定短语搭配，上下文逻辑理解
【点评】
本篇完形填空选取深圳发展的热点话题，贴近现实生活，整体难度适中。大部分题目都可以通过上下文给出的明确提示直接选出答案，核心考察学生对初中阶段常用动词短语、介词固定搭配的掌握程度，提醒学生做完形填空切忌脱离上下文孤立判断单个空，要学会从前后文找对应提示信息辅助解题。
【难度系数】
0.7
(A)
In April 2025, an event took place in Beijing. It was a marathon. But this marathon (马拉松) was not only for people. Robots ran too. This was the first time that robots and people had run in the same half-marathon.
The marathon was in E-Town. There were about 12,000 people and over 20 robots competing in it. The robots had a human-like appearance and walked or ran on two legs. Wheels were not allowed. Humans and robots used separate lanes to avoid accidents.
There was a robot named Xiaomai. It was 1.74 metres tall. A Chinese company had made it. Videos showed Xiaomai running on roads near Taihu Lake. It ran as fast as people. Workers in the company had spent some time making Xiaomai better. They worked on its balance, how it stood, and how long it could run. The marathon was 21.0975 kilometres long. Another robot, Tiangong Ultra, could run at a speed of 10 km per hour. It was also training hard before the event.
There were some rules for robot competitors. They could change batteries (电池) in the race. Teams could change robots, but each change would bring a punishment. For example, for the first change, they would get a 10-minute penalty. Cash prizes (现金奖励) were given to the top 3 finishers. There were also special rewards for robots.
This marathon showed China wanted to be good at making robots. It was getting ready for the 2025 World Robot Conference. Organizers wanted to show how good robot technology was. They also wanted people to talk about how robots and people could work together in the future.
(
A. a reward for good performance B. a punishment for breaking rules
C. a chance to restart the race D. a tool to help robots run better
(
A. robots with wheels were allowed to take part in the marathon
B. Xiaomai was not as fast as an average human runner
C. the marathon was a preparation for the 2025 World Robot Conference
D. robot teams could change their robots at any time
(
A. To introduce a special half-marathon where humans and robots competed together.
B. To tell readers about two famous robots, Xiaomai and Tiangong Ultra.
C. To explain the rules for robot competitors in marathons.
D. To show the development of robot technology in the world.
In April 2025, an event took place in Beijing. It was a marathon. But this marathon (马拉松) was not only for people. Robots ran too. This was the first time that robots and people had run in the same half-marathon.
The marathon was in E-Town. There were about 12,000 people and over 20 robots competing in it. The robots had a human-like appearance and walked or ran on two legs. Wheels were not allowed. Humans and robots used separate lanes to avoid accidents.
There was a robot named Xiaomai. It was 1.74 metres tall. A Chinese company had made it. Videos showed Xiaomai running on roads near Taihu Lake. It ran as fast as people. Workers in the company had spent some time making Xiaomai better. They worked on its balance, how it stood, and how long it could run. The marathon was 21.0975 kilometres long. Another robot, Tiangong Ultra, could run at a speed of 10 km per hour. It was also training hard before the event.
There were some rules for robot competitors. They could change batteries (电池) in the race. Teams could change robots, but each change would bring a punishment. For example, for the first change, they would get a 10-minute penalty. Cash prizes (现金奖励) were given to the top 3 finishers. There were also special rewards for robots.
This marathon showed China wanted to be good at making robots. It was getting ready for the 2025 World Robot Conference. Organizers wanted to show how good robot technology was. They also wanted people to talk about how robots and people could work together in the future.
(
B
) 1. The underlined word "penalty" in Paragraph 4 probably means "".A. a reward for good performance B. a punishment for breaking rules
C. a chance to restart the race D. a tool to help robots run better
(
C
) 2. We can infer from the passage that .A. robots with wheels were allowed to take part in the marathon
B. Xiaomai was not as fast as an average human runner
C. the marathon was a preparation for the 2025 World Robot Conference
D. robot teams could change their robots at any time
(
A
) 3. What is the main idea of the passage?A. To introduce a special half-marathon where humans and robots competed together.
B. To tell readers about two famous robots, Xiaomai and Tiangong Ultra.
C. To explain the rules for robot competitors in marathons.
D. To show the development of robot technology in the world.
答案
1—3: BCA
解析
【分析】
这是一篇说明文类阅读理解，3道题分别对应词义猜测、推理判断、主旨大意三类常考阅读题型，解题思路如下：
1. 词义猜测题：先定位划线单词所在的第4段，找到它的上下文提示，前文明确提到“每更换一次机器人就会带来惩罚”，紧接着举例子说明第一次更换会得到10分钟的penalty，结合语境匹配选项即可得出答案。
2. 推理判断题：将每个选项逐一返回原文定位，把和原文表述矛盾的选项直接排除，剩下符合原文逻辑的就是正确答案，注意不要自行脑补额外信息。
3. 主旨大意题：梳理全文的核心叙事对象，排除只覆盖局部段落内容的片面选项，选出最能概括全文核心内容的选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第4段，前文提到“Teams could change robots, but each change would bring a punishment.”，说明更换机器人会受到惩罚，后文举例第一次更换就会得到10分钟的penalty，说明penalty就是违规后的惩罚，对应选项B。A选项是对好表现的奖励，和语境相反；C是重启比赛的机会，原文无提及；D是帮助机器人跑得更好的工具，不符合语境，因此选B。
2. 第2题：逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文第2段明确说明“Wheels were not allowed.”，带轮子的机器人不允许参赛，A表述错误；
B选项：原文第3段提到Xiaomai“It ran as fast as people.”，说明它和普通人跑得一样快，B表述错误；
C选项：原文最后一段提到“It was getting ready for the 2025 World Robot Conference.”，说明这次马拉松是2025世界机器人大会的筹备活动，表述正确；
D选项：原文提到更换机器人会带来惩罚，并没有说可以随时更换，D表述错误。因此选C。
3. 第3题：全文围绕首届人类和机器人同场参赛的半程马拉松展开介绍，B选项只介绍两个机器人、C选项只讲机器人参赛规则都属于局部内容，不能概括全文；D选项表述的“全球机器人技术发展”和原文“展示中国机器人技术”的内容不符，只有A选项最能概括全文核心主旨，因此选A。
【答案】
1—3: BCA
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测，阅读理解细节推理，阅读理解主旨把握
【点评】
本篇是介绍特色马拉松的说明文，话题新颖贴近科技热点，难度适中，重点考察学生的阅读细节定位能力，同时提醒学生做主旨类题目时要注意区分局部段落信息和全文核心内容，避免以偏概全选错答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇说明文类阅读理解，3道题分别对应词义猜测、推理判断、主旨大意三类常考阅读题型，解题思路如下：
1. 词义猜测题：先定位划线单词所在的第4段，找到它的上下文提示，前文明确提到“每更换一次机器人就会带来惩罚”，紧接着举例子说明第一次更换会得到10分钟的penalty，结合语境匹配选项即可得出答案。
2. 推理判断题：将每个选项逐一返回原文定位，把和原文表述矛盾的选项直接排除，剩下符合原文逻辑的就是正确答案，注意不要自行脑补额外信息。
3. 主旨大意题：梳理全文的核心叙事对象，排除只覆盖局部段落内容的片面选项，选出最能概括全文核心内容的选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：定位第4段，前文提到“Teams could change robots, but each change would bring a punishment.”，说明更换机器人会受到惩罚，后文举例第一次更换就会得到10分钟的penalty，说明penalty就是违规后的惩罚，对应选项B。A选项是对好表现的奖励，和语境相反；C是重启比赛的机会，原文无提及；D是帮助机器人跑得更好的工具，不符合语境，因此选B。
2. 第2题：逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文第2段明确说明“Wheels were not allowed.”，带轮子的机器人不允许参赛，A表述错误；
B选项：原文第3段提到Xiaomai“It ran as fast as people.”，说明它和普通人跑得一样快，B表述错误；
C选项：原文最后一段提到“It was getting ready for the 2025 World Robot Conference.”，说明这次马拉松是2025世界机器人大会的筹备活动，表述正确；
D选项：原文提到更换机器人会带来惩罚，并没有说可以随时更换，D表述错误。因此选C。
3. 第3题：全文围绕首届人类和机器人同场参赛的半程马拉松展开介绍，B选项只介绍两个机器人、C选项只讲机器人参赛规则都属于局部内容，不能概括全文；D选项表述的“全球机器人技术发展”和原文“展示中国机器人技术”的内容不符，只有A选项最能概括全文核心主旨，因此选A。
【答案】
1—3: BCA
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测，阅读理解细节推理，阅读理解主旨把握
【点评】
本篇是介绍特色马拉松的说明文，话题新颖贴近科技热点，难度适中，重点考察学生的阅读细节定位能力，同时提醒学生做主旨类题目时要注意区分局部段落信息和全文核心内容，避免以偏概全选错答案。
【难度系数】
0.7
