五、根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
Deng Jiaxian is remembered as one of China's most important scientists. He was a nuclear physicist, born in 1924, who dedicated his life to helping our country become strong and safe.
After studying hard, he got his PhD in the United States in 1950. At that time, he had a chance to stay there for a good job and a comfortable life. However, he loved China deeply and decided to return home. China really needed scientists like him. When he came back, China's work on nuclear science was very new and faced many challenges. Everything was difficult because our country was still backward and lacked good equipment.
Deng led a team of scientists and workers to secret research bases in faraway deserts. The living and working conditions there were very tough. They worked day and night, often in danger, but never gave up. Their hard work finally brought a great success. As a key leader, Deng's work was important. In 1964, China successfully tested its first atomic bomb (原子弹). A few years later, he also made great contributions to the development of the hydrogen bomb (氢弹). These achievements made China a stronger nation and protected its peace.
Because of his great efforts, Deng Jiaxian was honoured as “the Father of China's Nuclear Weapons”. He was a selfless, brave, and hard-working man. He cared more about our country than about himself. He spent all his years working secretly for China's future, even though few people knew his name at that time. His story is not just about science; it is about great love and devotion for our country.
Today, he remains a powerful role model, encouraging everyone, especially young students, to study hard and serve their country.
()1. When did Deng Jiaxian return to China to do nuclear research?
A. In the 1920s.
B. In the 1950s.
C. In the 1960s.
D. In the 1970s.
()2. Where did Deng Jiaxian and his team do most of the research work?
A. On big ships in the ocean.
B. In secret bases of faraway deserts.
C. At universities in the United States.
D. In modern laboratories of big cities.
()3. What does the underlined phrase “made great contributions to” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Spoke highly of.
B. Took good care of.
C. Donated much money to.
D. Spent much time helping with.
()4. What did Deng Jiaxian do for our country according to the text?
① leading the research of China's first atomic bomb
② working on the hydrogen bomb research
③ helping China become a stronger nation
④ setting up a foreign research team
A. ②③④
B. ①②④
C. ①③④
D. ①②③
()5. What is the writer's main purpose of writing the text?
A. To tell readers how nuclear weapons are made.
B. To compare China's nuclear development with other countries'.
C. To introduce Deng Jiaxian's life and great achievements.
D. To explain why China needed nuclear research in the 1950s.

1. B
2. B
3. D
4. D
5. C

【分析】做这类英语阅读理解题，需先明确每个问题的核心，带着问题定位原文对应内容，逐一验证选项：1题问邓稼先回国时间，找原文中回国的时间节点；2题问研究地点，定位相关描述；3题猜短语含义，结合上下文语境；4题找他的贡献，核对选项与原文的匹配度；5题问写作目的，总结全文核心内容。
【解析】1. 根据第二段“he got his PhD in the United States in 1950...decided to return home”，1950年属于20世纪50年代，对应选项B；2. 根据第三段“Deng led a team of scientists and workers to secret research bases in faraway deserts”，可知研究地点是遥远沙漠的秘密基地，对应选项B；3. 第三段提到他对氢弹发展的作用，“made great contributions to”意为“为……做出巨大贡献”，选项D“花很多时间帮助（发展）”符合语境；4. 原文提到①领导第一颗原子弹研究、②氢弹研究、③让中国成为更强国家，④“建立外国研究团队”与原文不符，故选D；5. 全文围绕邓稼先的生平、贡献展开，写作目的是介绍他的相关情况，对应选项C。
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测、主旨理解等考点，难度适中，需学生精准定位原文信息，结合语境分析选项。
【难度系数】0.3