四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁:说明文 主题:中华文化 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7 min 正确率: /10
新素养·文化意识(原创)Nowadays, food delivery(外卖) has become an important part of our daily routine. 1, its origins date back to ancient times in China.
According to expert Hou Yinguo, dining 2 (serve) similar to modern food delivery started as early as the Han Dynasty (202 BCE—220 CE), though 3 term “food delivery” itself was not formally used until the Song Dynasty (960—1279).
At first, only rich and powerful people could use food delivery, but it 4 (final) became popular among everyone. By the Song Dynasty, China’s food takeout business 5 (reach) a golden age. As recorded in the book A Dream of Splendor, there was a lot of food in Bianjing (today’s Kaifeng in Henan). It became common for people 6 (buy) ready-made meals from local restaurants rather than cook at home.
7 phones, ordering was harder than today. 8 (customer) had to visit a restaurant in person or send someone to place the order, 9 (describe) the desired delivery time and location. The restaurant would bring the food to them through the delivery person called xianhan.
To ensure the delivered meals remained warm and 10 (taste), people in the Song Dynasty ingeniously designed a special dish called wenpan. It was like two plates put together with space in the middle, into which hot water could be poured to keep the food on the upper plate heated during transport.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
体裁:说明文 主题:中华文化 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:7 min 正确率: /10
新素养·文化意识(原创)Nowadays, food delivery(外卖) has become an important part of our daily routine. 1, its origins date back to ancient times in China.
According to expert Hou Yinguo, dining 2 (serve) similar to modern food delivery started as early as the Han Dynasty (202 BCE—220 CE), though 3 term “food delivery” itself was not formally used until the Song Dynasty (960—1279).
At first, only rich and powerful people could use food delivery, but it 4 (final) became popular among everyone. By the Song Dynasty, China’s food takeout business 5 (reach) a golden age. As recorded in the book A Dream of Splendor, there was a lot of food in Bianjing (today’s Kaifeng in Henan). It became common for people 6 (buy) ready-made meals from local restaurants rather than cook at home.
7 phones, ordering was harder than today. 8 (customer) had to visit a restaurant in person or send someone to place the order, 9 (describe) the desired delivery time and location. The restaurant would bring the food to them through the delivery person called xianhan.
To ensure the delivered meals remained warm and 10 (taste), people in the Song Dynasty ingeniously designed a special dish called wenpan. It was like two plates put together with space in the middle, into which hot water could be poured to keep the food on the upper plate heated during transport.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案
四、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代外卖服务的发展历程。
1. However 句意:如今,外卖已成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。然而,它的起源可以追溯到中国古代。上下文是转折关系;句首首字母需大写。故填 However。
2. services 句意:据专家侯印国介绍,早在汉代(公元前 202 年—公元 220 年)就已出现类似现代外卖服务的餐饮服务,但“外卖”一词直到宋代(960 年—1279 年)才被正式使用。根据“dining”可知此处应用名词的复数形式表示“餐饮服务”。故填 services。
3. the 句意:据专家侯印国介绍,早在汉代(公元前 202 年—公元 220 年)就已出现类似现代外卖服务的餐饮服务,但“外卖”一词直到宋代(960 年—1279 年)才被正式使用。此处特指“外卖”,应用定冠词。故填 the。
4. finally 句意:起初,只有富人和有权势的人才能使用外卖服务,但最终它普及到每个人。修饰动词“became”,应用副词。故填 finally。
5. had reached 句意:到了宋朝,中国的外卖业务已经达到了黄金时期。根据“By the Song Dynasty”可知句子时态是过去完成时。故填 had reached。
6. to buy 句意:人们从当地餐馆购买现成的饭菜,而不是在家做饭,这变得司空见惯。It becomes common for sb to do sth 表示“某人做某事变得普遍”。故填 to buy。
7. Without 句意:在没有手机的情况下,点餐比现在困难。根据“phones, ordering was harder than today”并结合常识可知,古代没有手机;句首首字母需大写。故填 Without。
8. Customers 句意:顾客必须亲自到餐厅点餐,或者派人去点餐,并说明所需的送餐时间和地点。此处应用名词的复数形式泛指“顾客”;句首首字母需大写。故填 Customers。
9. describing 句意:顾客必须亲自到餐厅点餐,或者派人去点餐,并说明所需的送餐时间和地点。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词“had to”,此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填 describing。
10. tasty 句意:为了确保送到的饭菜保持温热和美味,宋朝人巧妙地设计了一种特殊的器皿,称为温盘。根据“warm and”可知此处应用形容词。故填 tasty。
1. However 句意:如今,外卖已成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。然而,它的起源可以追溯到中国古代。上下文是转折关系;句首首字母需大写。故填 However。
2. services 句意:据专家侯印国介绍,早在汉代(公元前 202 年—公元 220 年)就已出现类似现代外卖服务的餐饮服务,但“外卖”一词直到宋代(960 年—1279 年)才被正式使用。根据“dining”可知此处应用名词的复数形式表示“餐饮服务”。故填 services。
3. the 句意:据专家侯印国介绍,早在汉代(公元前 202 年—公元 220 年)就已出现类似现代外卖服务的餐饮服务,但“外卖”一词直到宋代(960 年—1279 年)才被正式使用。此处特指“外卖”,应用定冠词。故填 the。
4. finally 句意:起初,只有富人和有权势的人才能使用外卖服务,但最终它普及到每个人。修饰动词“became”,应用副词。故填 finally。
5. had reached 句意:到了宋朝,中国的外卖业务已经达到了黄金时期。根据“By the Song Dynasty”可知句子时态是过去完成时。故填 had reached。
6. to buy 句意:人们从当地餐馆购买现成的饭菜,而不是在家做饭,这变得司空见惯。It becomes common for sb to do sth 表示“某人做某事变得普遍”。故填 to buy。
7. Without 句意:在没有手机的情况下,点餐比现在困难。根据“phones, ordering was harder than today”并结合常识可知,古代没有手机;句首首字母需大写。故填 Without。
8. Customers 句意:顾客必须亲自到餐厅点餐,或者派人去点餐,并说明所需的送餐时间和地点。此处应用名词的复数形式泛指“顾客”;句首首字母需大写。故填 Customers。
9. describing 句意:顾客必须亲自到餐厅点餐,或者派人去点餐,并说明所需的送餐时间和地点。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词“had to”,此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填 describing。
10. tasty 句意:为了确保送到的饭菜保持温热和美味,宋朝人巧妙地设计了一种特殊的器皿,称为温盘。根据“warm and”可知此处应用形容词。故填 tasty。
解析
【分析】
先通读全文,明确主题为介绍中国古代外卖服务的发展历程。逐个分析每个空的解题方向:1. 分析上下文逻辑,前文说明外卖成日常部分,后文提及起源于古代,为转折关系,需填转折连词;2. 根据dining的搭配,此处需名词复数表示“餐饮服务”;3. 特指“外卖”这一术语,用定冠词;4. 修饰动词became,需用副词;5. 时间标志By the Song Dynasty,句子用过去完成时;6. 考查固定句式It's common for sb to do sth,需填不定式;7. 结合常识,古代没有手机,点餐比现在难,用介词Without;8. 泛指顾客,用名词复数且句首大写;9. 句中已有谓语,此处用现在分词作伴随状语;10. 与warm并列,需用形容词。
【解析】
1. 上下文为转折关系,句首单词首字母大写,故填However。
2. dining services表示“餐饮服务”,此处用名词复数,故填services。
3. 特指“外卖”这一术语,用定冠词the,故填the。
4. 修饰动词became需用副词,故填finally。
5. 时间标志By the Song Dynasty(到宋朝为止),句子用过去完成时,故填had reached。
6. 固定句式It's common for sb to do sth表示“某人做某事变得普遍”,故填to buy。
7. 结合常识,古代没有手机,点餐比现在难,句首大写,故填Without。
8. 泛指顾客,用名词复数且句首大写,故填Customers。
9. 句中已有谓语动词,此处用现在分词作伴随状语,故填describing。
10. 与warm并列,需用形容词,故填tasty。
【答案】
1. However 2. services 3. the 4. finally 5. had reached 6. to buy 7. Without 8. Customers 9. describing 10. tasty
【知识点】
冠词的用法、副词的用法、非谓语动词(现在分词)、过去完成时、固定句式
【点评】
本题以中国古代外卖发展为主题,属于文化类语法填空,考查基础语法知识与词汇运用,结合文化背景,有助于培养学生的文化意识,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4
先通读全文,明确主题为介绍中国古代外卖服务的发展历程。逐个分析每个空的解题方向:1. 分析上下文逻辑,前文说明外卖成日常部分,后文提及起源于古代,为转折关系,需填转折连词;2. 根据dining的搭配,此处需名词复数表示“餐饮服务”;3. 特指“外卖”这一术语,用定冠词;4. 修饰动词became,需用副词;5. 时间标志By the Song Dynasty,句子用过去完成时;6. 考查固定句式It's common for sb to do sth,需填不定式;7. 结合常识,古代没有手机,点餐比现在难,用介词Without;8. 泛指顾客,用名词复数且句首大写;9. 句中已有谓语,此处用现在分词作伴随状语;10. 与warm并列,需用形容词。
【解析】
1. 上下文为转折关系,句首单词首字母大写,故填However。
2. dining services表示“餐饮服务”,此处用名词复数,故填services。
3. 特指“外卖”这一术语,用定冠词the,故填the。
4. 修饰动词became需用副词,故填finally。
5. 时间标志By the Song Dynasty(到宋朝为止),句子用过去完成时,故填had reached。
6. 固定句式It's common for sb to do sth表示“某人做某事变得普遍”,故填to buy。
7. 结合常识,古代没有手机,点餐比现在难,句首大写,故填Without。
8. 泛指顾客,用名词复数且句首大写,故填Customers。
9. 句中已有谓语动词,此处用现在分词作伴随状语,故填describing。
10. 与warm并列,需用形容词,故填tasty。
【答案】
1. However 2. services 3. the 4. finally 5. had reached 6. to buy 7. Without 8. Customers 9. describing 10. tasty
【知识点】
冠词的用法、副词的用法、非谓语动词(现在分词)、过去完成时、固定句式
【点评】
本题以中国古代外卖发展为主题,属于文化类语法填空,考查基础语法知识与词汇运用,结合文化背景,有助于培养学生的文化意识,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4
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