第三课时 Grammar Focus(3a~3c)
语法精讲
could/can的含义及用法
├─表示礼貌的
│ ├─委婉地请求别人做某事。如:Could/Can you (please) do...?
│ ├─肯定回答:Yes./Sure./Of course./No problem./Certainly.
│ ├─否定回答:Sorry,I can’t./I’m afraid I can’t./I’m afraid not.
│ ├─委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事。如:Could/Can I do...? 图1
│ ├─肯定回答:Yes,you can./Of course you can./Yes,please.
│ └─否定回答:Sorry,you can’t./Sorry,I’m afraid you can’t.
└─could为
语法精练
语法精讲
could/can的含义及用法
├─表示礼貌的
请求
│ ├─委婉地请求别人做某事。如:Could/Can you (please) do...?
│ ├─肯定回答:Yes./Sure./Of course./No problem./Certainly.
│ ├─否定回答:Sorry,I can’t./I’m afraid I can’t./I’m afraid not.
│ ├─委婉地请求别人允许自己做某事。如:Could/Can I do...? 图1
│ ├─肯定回答:Yes,you can./Of course you can./Yes,please.
│ └─否定回答:Sorry,you can’t./Sorry,I’m afraid you can’t.
└─could为
can
的过去式,表示能力。如:I could swim when I was 5 years old.语法精练
答案
1. 请求
2. can
2. can
解析
【分析】
本题考查情态动词could和can的基础用法。首先看第一个空,结合上下文,此处描述could/can用于礼貌地委婉请求他人的功能,所以应填对应含义的词;第二个空,需明确could作为情态动词的词性变化,它是can的过去式,用于表示过去的能力,据此填空。
【解析】
1. 第一个空:根据语法精讲中could/can用于礼貌委婉请求的用法,此处应填“请求”;
2. 第二个空:语法规则中,could是can的过去式,用于表示过去的能力,所以此处填“can”。
【答案】
1.请求 2.can
【知识点】
情态动词could/can的用法
【点评】
本题为基础语法题,直接考查课本Grammar Focus的核心内容,只要掌握情态动词could和can的基本用法即可快速解答。
【难度系数】
0.9
本题考查情态动词could和can的基础用法。首先看第一个空,结合上下文,此处描述could/can用于礼貌地委婉请求他人的功能,所以应填对应含义的词;第二个空,需明确could作为情态动词的词性变化,它是can的过去式,用于表示过去的能力,据此填空。
【解析】
1. 第一个空:根据语法精讲中could/can用于礼貌委婉请求的用法,此处应填“请求”;
2. 第二个空:语法规则中,could是can的过去式,用于表示过去的能力,所以此处填“can”。
【答案】
1.请求 2.can
【知识点】
情态动词could/can的用法
【点评】
本题为基础语法题,直接考查课本Grammar Focus的核心内容,只要掌握情态动词could和can的基本用法即可快速解答。
【难度系数】
0.9
Ⅰ. 按要求完成下列各题。
1. —Could I invite my friends to our home, Mum?
—
2. —Could your sister play the erhu at the age of 8?
—
3. —Can I borrow this book and take it home, Mr Lee?
—
4. —Could you pack up these clothes for me?
—Yes, I could.(画出句子中的错误并改正。)
5. Mum, I want you to make some biscuits for me.(改为礼貌的请求)
6. 看完电影后你想和朋友逛一下,需要征求妈妈的同意。(根据情境,编一组对话)
1. —Could I invite my friends to our home, Mum?
—
Sure,you can/Of course(you can)
. That sounds fun.(写出答语)2. —Could your sister play the erhu at the age of 8?
—
No,she couldn't
. She started to learn it at ten.(写出答语)3. —Can I borrow this book and take it home, Mr Lee?
—
Sorry,I'm afraid you can't/Sorry,you can't
. You can only read it here.(写出答语)4. —Could you pack up these clothes for me?
—Yes, I could.(画出句子中的错误并改正。)
答语中 could 改为 can
5. Mum, I want you to make some biscuits for me.(改为礼貌的请求)
Mum,could you please make some biscuits for me?
6. 看完电影后你想和朋友逛一下,需要征求妈妈的同意。(根据情境,编一组对话)
—Could I hang out with my friends after watching the movie, Mum?
—Of course you can. /Sorry,I'm afraid you can't. /…(言之有理即可)
答案
1. Sure,you can/Of course(you can)
2. No,she couldn't
3. Sorry,I'm afraid you can't/Sorry,you can't
4. 答语中 could 改为 can
5. Mum,could you please make some biscuits for me?
6. —Could I hang out with my friends after watching the movie, Mum?
—Of course you can. /Sorry,I'm afraid you can't. /…(言之有理即可)
2. No,she couldn't
3. Sorry,I'm afraid you can't/Sorry,you can't
4. 答语中 could 改为 can
5. Mum,could you please make some biscuits for me?
6. —Could I hang out with my friends after watching the movie, Mum?
—Of course you can. /Sorry,I'm afraid you can't. /…(言之有理即可)
解析
【分析】本题主要考查情态动词could/can在请求许可、礼貌表达中的用法,以及情景对话的编写。解题思路:1. 针对请求邀请朋友的问句,需用同意的答语回应;2. 根据答语中“10岁才学二胡”判断8岁时不会,用否定答语;3. 根据“只能在这读”判断不能带回家,用否定答语;4. 请求的答语中,用could提问时答语需用can,不能用could;5. 将直接请求改为礼貌请求,用could you please结构;6. 结合情境,用could征求妈妈同意,妈妈的回答符合情理即可。
【解析】1. 问句“Could I...?”用于请求许可,同意的答语可用Sure/Of course等,后接you can;2. 问句询问8岁时的能力,答语说明10岁才学二胡,故用否定答语No, she couldn't;3. 请求借书带回家,限制只能在指定地点阅读,故用否定答语Sorry, you can't;4. 用could提出请求时,答语需用can,因此将答语中的could改为can;5. 礼貌请求需用“Could you please + 动词原形”结构,替代直接的want表达;6. 结合情境,用“Could I...?”征求妈妈同意,妈妈的回答合理即可,如同意或委婉拒绝。
【答案】1. Sure,you can/Of course(you can)
2. No,she couldn't
3. Sorry,I'm afraid you can't/Sorry,you can't
4. 答语中 could 改为 can
5. Mum,could you please make some biscuits for me?
6. —Could I hang out with my friends after watching the movie, Mum?
—Of course you can. /Sorry,I'm afraid you can't. /…(言之有理即可)
【知识点】情态动词用法、礼貌请求表达、情景交际
【点评】本题围绕情态动词could的核心用法展开,涵盖答语匹配、错误修正、句式转换及情景对话,是初中英语基础知识点的综合考查,需熟练掌握请求许可的不同表达。
【难度系数】0.3
【解析】1. 问句“Could I...?”用于请求许可,同意的答语可用Sure/Of course等,后接you can;2. 问句询问8岁时的能力,答语说明10岁才学二胡,故用否定答语No, she couldn't;3. 请求借书带回家,限制只能在指定地点阅读,故用否定答语Sorry, you can't;4. 用could提出请求时,答语需用can,因此将答语中的could改为can;5. 礼貌请求需用“Could you please + 动词原形”结构,替代直接的want表达;6. 结合情境,用“Could I...?”征求妈妈同意,妈妈的回答合理即可,如同意或委婉拒绝。
【答案】1. Sure,you can/Of course(you can)
2. No,she couldn't
3. Sorry,I'm afraid you can't/Sorry,you can't
4. 答语中 could 改为 can
5. Mum,could you please make some biscuits for me?
6. —Could I hang out with my friends after watching the movie, Mum?
—Of course you can. /Sorry,I'm afraid you can't. /…(言之有理即可)
【知识点】情态动词用法、礼貌请求表达、情景交际
【点评】本题围绕情态动词could的核心用法展开,涵盖答语匹配、错误修正、句式转换及情景对话,是初中英语基础知识点的综合考查,需熟练掌握请求许可的不同表达。
【难度系数】0.3
Ⅱ. 根据括号内给的提示词,用 can 或 could 完成下面几组对话。
1. A:
B: Sorry, I'm working on it now.
A: Well,
B: Yes, but you have to clean your room first.
2. A: Tom,
B: Sure, Mum! Then what do I need to do?
A:
B: Sure.
3. A:
B: Of course! I'm glad to help.
A: Thank you so much!
B: No problem at all.
A: Sure! Just tell me which one you like.
1. A:
Could/Can I use your computer
, Dad? (use; computer)B: Sorry, I'm working on it now.
A: Well,
could/can I watch TV (for a while/now)
? (watch TV)B: Yes, but you have to clean your room first.
2. A: Tom,
could/can you (please help me) sort the clothes
? I need to pick up the kids. (sort; clothes)B: Sure, Mum! Then what do I need to do?
A:
Could/Can you put them into the washing machine
? (put; washing machine)B: Sure.
3. A:
Could/Can you help me carry the books to the library
? They're quite heavy. (carry; books; library)B: Of course! I'm glad to help.
A: Thank you so much!
B: No problem at all.
Could/Can I borrow a book
? (borrow; book)A: Sure! Just tell me which one you like.
答案
1. Could/Can I use your computer;could/can I watch TV (for a while/now)
2. could/can you (please help me) sort the clothes;Could/Can you put them into the washing machine
3. Could/Can you help me carry the books to the library;Could/Can I borrow a book
2. could/can you (please help me) sort the clothes;Could/Can you put them into the washing machine
3. Could/Can you help me carry the books to the library;Could/Can I borrow a book
解析
【分析】本题考查情态动词can和could在日常请求对话中的运用,解题思路是:首先明确could比can更委婉,常用于礼貌请求许可或请求帮助的场景;再结合括号内的提示词和对话语境(请求使用某物、请求帮助做某事等),组织符合英语表达习惯的请求句式,注意人称与动词搭配的正确性。
【解析】1. 第一空是A请求爸爸使用电脑,用委婉的请求表达Could/Can I use your computer;第二空是A请求看电视,用Could/Can I watch TV(补充合适的时间状语也符合语境)。2. 第一空是A请求Tom帮忙整理衣服,用Could/Can you (please help me) sort the clothes;第二空是请求把衣服放进洗衣机,用Could/Can you put them into the washing machine。3. 第一空是请求帮忙搬书到图书馆,用Could/Can you help me carry the books to the library;第二空是请求借书,用Could/Can I borrow a book。
【答案】1. Could/Can I use your computer;could/can I watch TV (for a while/now)
2. could/can you (please help me) sort the clothes;Could/Can you put them into the washing machine
3. Could/Can you help me carry the books to the library;Could/Can I borrow a book
【知识点】情态动词can/could用法;日常请求表达
【点评】本题为基础英语交际题,重点考查情态动词在礼貌请求场景中的运用,难度较低,只要掌握can和could的委婉用法即可轻松作答,适合初中低年级学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 第一空是A请求爸爸使用电脑,用委婉的请求表达Could/Can I use your computer;第二空是A请求看电视,用Could/Can I watch TV(补充合适的时间状语也符合语境)。2. 第一空是A请求Tom帮忙整理衣服,用Could/Can you (please help me) sort the clothes;第二空是请求把衣服放进洗衣机,用Could/Can you put them into the washing machine。3. 第一空是请求帮忙搬书到图书馆,用Could/Can you help me carry the books to the library;第二空是请求借书,用Could/Can I borrow a book。
【答案】1. Could/Can I use your computer;could/can I watch TV (for a while/now)
2. could/can you (please help me) sort the clothes;Could/Can you put them into the washing machine
3. Could/Can you help me carry the books to the library;Could/Can I borrow a book
【知识点】情态动词can/could用法;日常请求表达
【点评】本题为基础英语交际题,重点考查情态动词在礼貌请求场景中的运用,难度较低,只要掌握can和could的委婉用法即可轻松作答,适合初中低年级学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6
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