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Capybaras(水豚) are the largest rodents（啮齿动物）on the earth. Seeing them in the wild, you might be surprised at first because they look like giant guinea pigs, which are in fact one of their closest relatives. Capybaras' bodies are covered in reddish-brown fur. A capybara weighs around 50 kilograms and female capybaras are usually a little heavier than the males.
Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water. Pantanal, the world's largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live. Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop（排泄物）because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need.
With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully. They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don't hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras are aware of a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves.
Capybaras are good swimmers. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season ). They also like communicating with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds, including purring, barking, whistling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It's like a capybara language.
任务一 选择正确答案
1. What does the word "warning" mean?
A. Telling ... about danger.
B. Saying hello to.
C. Showing the way.
D. Making friends.
2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A. Capybaras are good at swimming and chatting.
B. Capybaras live in large groups only in the dry season.
C. Capybaras can make only one kind of sound.
D. Capybaras talk with each other by body language.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Capybaras hate staying with other animals.
B. Capybaras like living near water.
C. Capybaras never hurt other animals.
D. Capybaras are not popular online.
4. Where may we read this passage?
A. In a storybook.
B. In a math textbook.
C. In a travel guide.
D. In a science magazine.
任务二 回答问题(每个题目的答案不超过5个单词)
1. What kind of animal are capybaras?
2. Where do most capybaras live?
3. Why do capybaras sometimes eat their own poop?
4. How do capybaras communicate with each other?
5. What do you think of capybaras according to the passage?
Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water. Pantanal, the world's largest freshwater wetland, is a perfect place for them to live. Capybaras usually eat grass. But they sometimes eat their own poop（排泄物）because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need.
With good personalities, capybaras have become increasingly popular on social media. They get along with almost all the other animals and share their homes with birds and turtles, just like a big animal family living together peacefully. They are calm and don't really care about what goes on around them. Other animals can do whatever they feel like if they don't hurt the capybaras. But if capybaras are aware of a risk, they may attack others to protect themselves.
Capybaras are good swimmers. They usually live in groups of 10 to 20 (and up to 100 during the dry season ). They also like communicating with each other very much. They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds, including purring, barking, whistling and grunting. Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving. It's like a capybara language.
任务一 选择正确答案
1. What does the word "warning" mean?
A. Telling ... about danger.
B. Saying hello to.
C. Showing the way.
D. Making friends.
2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A. Capybaras are good at swimming and chatting.
B. Capybaras live in large groups only in the dry season.
C. Capybaras can make only one kind of sound.
D. Capybaras talk with each other by body language.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Capybaras hate staying with other animals.
B. Capybaras like living near water.
C. Capybaras never hurt other animals.
D. Capybaras are not popular online.
4. Where may we read this passage?
A. In a storybook.
B. In a math textbook.
C. In a travel guide.
D. In a science magazine.
任务二 回答问题(每个题目的答案不超过5个单词)
1. What kind of animal are capybaras?
The largest rodents.
2. Where do most capybaras live?
In South America.
3. Why do capybaras sometimes eat their own poop?
To get needed things.
4. How do capybaras communicate with each other?
By making different sounds.
5. What do you think of capybaras according to the passage?
They are calm/friendly.
答案
任务一
1. A 词义猜测题。根据“Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving.”可知，warning 的意思是“告诉……有危险”。
2. A 段落大意题。根据文章第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了水豚擅长游泳，并且会通过不同的声音互相交流。
3. B 细节理解题。根据“Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water.”可知，水豚喜欢生活在有水的地方。
4. D 推理判断题。本文是介绍动物水豚的科普文章，因此我们可能在科学杂志上读到这篇文章。
任务二
1. The largest rodents. 2. In South America. 3. To get needed things. 4. By making different sounds. 5. They are calm/friendly.（答案不唯一）
1. A 词义猜测题。根据“Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving.”可知，warning 的意思是“告诉……有危险”。
2. A 段落大意题。根据文章第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了水豚擅长游泳，并且会通过不同的声音互相交流。
3. B 细节理解题。根据“Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water.”可知，水豚喜欢生活在有水的地方。
4. D 推理判断题。本文是介绍动物水豚的科普文章，因此我们可能在科学杂志上读到这篇文章。
任务二
1. The largest rodents. 2. In South America. 3. To get needed things. 4. By making different sounds. 5. They are calm/friendly.（答案不唯一）
解析
【分析】
任务一的解题思路：1. 词义猜测题需定位原文含"warning"的句子，结合上下文语境推断词义；2. 段落大意题需通读对应段落，梳理核心内容匹配选项；3. 细节理解题需定位原文对应句子，查找水豚相关信息；4. 推理判断题需根据文章体裁（科普动物介绍）推测阅读出处。任务二为细节查找题，需定位原文对应句子，提取关键信息且符合字数要求。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 定位原文第四段"Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving."，可知warning意为"告诉……有危险"，对应选项A。
2. 通读第四段，内容围绕水豚擅长游泳、通过不同声音交流展开，对应选项A。
3. 定位原文第二段"Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water."，可知水豚喜欢生活在有水的地方，对应选项B。
4. 文章是介绍水豚的科普类文章，因此可能在科学杂志读到，对应选项D。
任务二：
1. 定位原文第一句"Capybaras are the largest rodents on the earth."，提取关键信息为The largest rodents。
2. 定位原文第二段"Most of them live in South America"，提取为In South America。
3. 定位原文第二段"But they sometimes eat their own poop because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need."，简化为To get needed things。
4. 定位原文第四段"They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds"，提取为By making different sounds。
5. 原文提到水豚有good personalities、calm等特点，可写They are calm/friendly。
【答案】
任务一：1.A 2.A 3.B 4.D
任务二：1.The largest rodents. 2.In South America. 3.To get needed things. 4.By making different sounds. 5.They are calm/friendly.
【知识点】
词义猜测题、段落大意题、细节理解题、科普类阅读理解
【点评】
本题为科普类阅读理解题，涵盖词义猜测、段落大意、细节理解、推理判断等常见题型，考查学生从原文提取信息、理解文本的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
任务一的解题思路：1. 词义猜测题需定位原文含"warning"的句子，结合上下文语境推断词义；2. 段落大意题需通读对应段落，梳理核心内容匹配选项；3. 细节理解题需定位原文对应句子，查找水豚相关信息；4. 推理判断题需根据文章体裁（科普动物介绍）推测阅读出处。任务二为细节查找题，需定位原文对应句子，提取关键信息且符合字数要求。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 定位原文第四段"Each sound has an important meaning, from warning the group of danger to sending signals of leaving."，可知warning意为"告诉……有危险"，对应选项A。
2. 通读第四段，内容围绕水豚擅长游泳、通过不同声音交流展开，对应选项A。
3. 定位原文第二段"Most of them live in South America and like to stay in comfortable places with lots of water."，可知水豚喜欢生活在有水的地方，对应选项B。
4. 文章是介绍水豚的科普类文章，因此可能在科学杂志读到，对应选项D。
任务二：
1. 定位原文第一句"Capybaras are the largest rodents on the earth."，提取关键信息为The largest rodents。
2. 定位原文第二段"Most of them live in South America"，提取为In South America。
3. 定位原文第二段"But they sometimes eat their own poop because it is helpful for them to get all the things they need."，简化为To get needed things。
4. 定位原文第四段"They express themselves by making different kinds of sounds"，提取为By making different sounds。
5. 原文提到水豚有good personalities、calm等特点，可写They are calm/friendly。
【答案】
任务一：1.A 2.A 3.B 4.D
任务二：1.The largest rodents. 2.In South America. 3.To get needed things. 4.By making different sounds. 5.They are calm/friendly.
【知识点】
词义猜测题、段落大意题、细节理解题、科普类阅读理解
【点评】
本题为科普类阅读理解题，涵盖词义猜测、段落大意、细节理解、推理判断等常见题型，考查学生从原文提取信息、理解文本的能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
