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D
①Why do some students seem to give up easily, while others are excited by a challenge? Psychologist (心理学家) Carol Dweck's research provides a powerful answer: there are two kinds of mindsets (思维模式).
②A person with a fixed mindset believes that intelligence (智慧) and talent are set when people are born, and everything is fixed. You either have them or you don't. They might say "I'm just not a maths person" or "I'm naturally good at art". For them, every task is a test of their unchangeable ability. Therefore, they prefer avoiding challenges for fear of failure, which they see as the result of their lack of intelligence. They often view effort as meaningless, believing that if you were truly talented, you wouldn't need to try hard.
③Meanwhile, a person with a growth mindset believes that intelligence and abilities can be developed through hard work and learning from mistakes. The word "yet" is powerful for them. "I can't solve this maths problem ... yet." They see challenges as chances to learn and grow, not as difficulties. They understand that effort is the necessary path to success. A failure is not a high wall but valuable experience to guide their future efforts.
④The most exciting finding is that mindsets are not forever—you can form a growth mindset. When you hear a fixed mindset thought like "I can't do this", add the word "yet". Most importantly, value the process—your effort, review on mistakes and patience—instead of depending on talent. By doing so, your brain sees learning and growth over the need to always being smart, leading to greater achievements.
()27. How does the writer introduce the topic?
A. By giving an example.
B. By asking a question.
C. By imagining a scene.
D. By making a comparison.
()28. What would a boy with a fixed mindset do if he got a low grade in a test?
A. Ask the teacher for help.
B. Work with a study group.
C. Feel upset and stop trying.
D. Spend more time studying.
()29. What is the key to a growth mindset?
A. Taking challenges as chances.
B. Avoiding all the difficult work.
C. Believing talent is the most important.
D. Paying much attention to final results.
()30. How is the passage organized?
①Why do some students seem to give up easily, while others are excited by a challenge? Psychologist (心理学家) Carol Dweck's research provides a powerful answer: there are two kinds of mindsets (思维模式).
②A person with a fixed mindset believes that intelligence (智慧) and talent are set when people are born, and everything is fixed. You either have them or you don't. They might say "I'm just not a maths person" or "I'm naturally good at art". For them, every task is a test of their unchangeable ability. Therefore, they prefer avoiding challenges for fear of failure, which they see as the result of their lack of intelligence. They often view effort as meaningless, believing that if you were truly talented, you wouldn't need to try hard.
③Meanwhile, a person with a growth mindset believes that intelligence and abilities can be developed through hard work and learning from mistakes. The word "yet" is powerful for them. "I can't solve this maths problem ... yet." They see challenges as chances to learn and grow, not as difficulties. They understand that effort is the necessary path to success. A failure is not a high wall but valuable experience to guide their future efforts.
④The most exciting finding is that mindsets are not forever—you can form a growth mindset. When you hear a fixed mindset thought like "I can't do this", add the word "yet". Most importantly, value the process—your effort, review on mistakes and patience—instead of depending on talent. By doing so, your brain sees learning and growth over the need to always being smart, leading to greater achievements.
()27. How does the writer introduce the topic?
A. By giving an example.
B. By asking a question.
C. By imagining a scene.
D. By making a comparison.
()28. What would a boy with a fixed mindset do if he got a low grade in a test?
A. Ask the teacher for help.
B. Work with a study group.
C. Feel upset and stop trying.
D. Spend more time studying.
()29. What is the key to a growth mindset?
A. Taking challenges as chances.
B. Avoiding all the difficult work.
C. Believing talent is the most important.
D. Paying much attention to final results.
()30. How is the passage organized?
答案
27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D
解析
【解析】
27. 作者在文章开头提出问句“Why do some students seem to give up easily, while others are excited by a challenge?”，以此引入关于两种思维模式的话题，故选B。
28. 拥有固定思维模式的人认为能力是天生固定的，害怕失败、逃避挑战，认为努力无意义，因此考试取得低分后会感到沮丧并停止尝试，故选C。
29. 成长型思维模式的核心是将挑战视为学习和成长的机会，故选A。
30. 文章①段引出两种思维模式的话题，②段介绍固定思维模式，③段介绍成长思维模式，④段说明可以培养成长思维模式，结构与选项D（①分别关联②、③，②、③均关联④）一致，故选D。
【答案】
27. B；28. C；29. A；30. D
【知识点】
说明文阅读；信息提取；结构分析
【点评】
本题围绕两种思维模式展开，考查学生对文本细节信息的提取能力与说明文结构的分析能力，同时帮助学生认知不同思维模式的特点。
【难度系数】
0.6
27. 作者在文章开头提出问句“Why do some students seem to give up easily, while others are excited by a challenge?”，以此引入关于两种思维模式的话题，故选B。
28. 拥有固定思维模式的人认为能力是天生固定的，害怕失败、逃避挑战，认为努力无意义，因此考试取得低分后会感到沮丧并停止尝试，故选C。
29. 成长型思维模式的核心是将挑战视为学习和成长的机会，故选A。
30. 文章①段引出两种思维模式的话题，②段介绍固定思维模式，③段介绍成长思维模式，④段说明可以培养成长思维模式，结构与选项D（①分别关联②、③，②、③均关联④）一致，故选D。
【答案】
27. B；28. C；29. A；30. D
【知识点】
说明文阅读；信息提取；结构分析
【点评】
本题围绕两种思维模式展开，考查学生对文本细节信息的提取能力与说明文结构的分析能力，同时帮助学生认知不同思维模式的特点。
【难度系数】
0.6
