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阅读下面的材料,根据内容完成笔记(第31—34题每空
Are horses smart? Scientists from Nottingham Trent University in the UK played a game with horses to find it out. There are three phases(阶段) in the game.
At the first phase, the horses had to touch some cards with their noses. When they did, they could get snacks.
Then, the scientists made it more difficult. They used some lights as a "stop" sign(标志) for the horses. When the lights were off, they could still get a snack by touching a card. When the lights were on, they got nothing. This time, the horses touched the card as usual, but they couldn't always get snacks.
Finally, the scientists made another new rule. When the horses touched the card with the lights on, they could not play the game for 10 seconds(秒). To everyone's surprise, the horses began to play correctly. They learnt to touch the card at the right time to get more snacks.
"Horses are not natural geniuses," said the scientist Carrie Ijichi from the university. "But they can quickly learn to follow the rules after making mistakes."
Experiment report
• Purpose: To check how 31.
• The first phase: The horses touched the 32.
• The second phase: The horses could only get snacks after touching the card with the lights off. The horses always 33.
• The third phase: The horses couldn't play the game for 10 seconds if they broke the rule. The horses started to 34.
• Conclusion: 35.
不
超
过
两个单词,第35题不
超
过
10个单词)。Are horses smart? Scientists from Nottingham Trent University in the UK played a game with horses to find it out. There are three phases(阶段) in the game.
At the first phase, the horses had to touch some cards with their noses. When they did, they could get snacks.
Then, the scientists made it more difficult. They used some lights as a "stop" sign(标志) for the horses. When the lights were off, they could still get a snack by touching a card. When the lights were on, they got nothing. This time, the horses touched the card as usual, but they couldn't always get snacks.
Finally, the scientists made another new rule. When the horses touched the card with the lights on, they could not play the game for 10 seconds(秒). To everyone's surprise, the horses began to play correctly. They learnt to touch the card at the right time to get more snacks.
"Horses are not natural geniuses," said the scientist Carrie Ijichi from the university. "But they can quickly learn to follow the rules after making mistakes."
Experiment report
• Purpose: To check how 31.
smart
horses are.• The first phase: The horses touched the 32.
cards
to get snacks.• The second phase: The horses could only get snacks after touching the card with the lights off. The horses always 33.
made mistakes
and didn't get snacks.• The third phase: The horses couldn't play the game for 10 seconds if they broke the rule. The horses started to 34.
play correctly
.• Conclusion: 35.
Horses are smart（说明马聪明或有学习能力即可）
.答案
31. smart 32. cards 33. made mistakes 34. play correctly 35. Horses are smart（说明马聪明或有学习能力即可）
解析
【分析】
这是一道任务型阅读填空题，解题时需先明确每个笔记条目对应的材料段落，再定位关键信息，同时严格遵守字数限制：
1. 第31题：实验目的对应材料开头提出的核心问题，直接提取关键词即可。
2. 第32题：锁定“第一阶段”的描述段落，找到马获取零食的动作对象。
3. 第33题：结合第二阶段马的表现和文末科学家的表述，提炼马得不到零食的原因。
4. 第34题：定位“第三阶段”的结果描述，提取马的行为变化。
5. 第35题：根据全文实验过程和结论，归纳出符合要求的总结句，注意不超10个单词。
【解析】
31. 由材料第一段“Are horses smart? Scientists from Nottingham Trent University in the UK played a game with horses to find it out.”可知，实验目的是检验马有多聪明，故填smart。
32. 根据第三段“At the first phase, the horses had to touch some cards with their noses. When they did, they could get snacks.”，第一阶段马通过触碰卡片获取零食，故填cards。
33. 从第四段“This time, the horses touched the card as usual, but they couldn't always get snacks.”及最后一段“But they can quickly learn to follow the rules after making mistakes.”可知，第二阶段马因总是犯错而得不到零食，故填made mistakes。
34. 依据第五段“To everyone's surprise, the horses began to play correctly.”，第三阶段马开始正确进行游戏，故填play correctly。
35. 结合全文实验结论，可归纳为Horses are smart（或其他符合“马聪明/有学习能力”且不超10词的表述）。
【答案】
31. smart
32. cards
33. made mistakes
34. play correctly
35. Horses are smart（或Horses can learn quickly等符合要求的表述）
【知识点】
信息定位提取、归纳总结、任务型阅读
【点评】
本题考查学生在阅读中精准提取关键信息和归纳总结的能力，解题需紧扣材料对应段落，严格遵守各空的字数限制，能有效检验学生对阅读细节的把握能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一道任务型阅读填空题，解题时需先明确每个笔记条目对应的材料段落，再定位关键信息，同时严格遵守字数限制：
1. 第31题：实验目的对应材料开头提出的核心问题，直接提取关键词即可。
2. 第32题：锁定“第一阶段”的描述段落，找到马获取零食的动作对象。
3. 第33题：结合第二阶段马的表现和文末科学家的表述，提炼马得不到零食的原因。
4. 第34题：定位“第三阶段”的结果描述，提取马的行为变化。
5. 第35题：根据全文实验过程和结论，归纳出符合要求的总结句，注意不超10个单词。
【解析】
31. 由材料第一段“Are horses smart? Scientists from Nottingham Trent University in the UK played a game with horses to find it out.”可知，实验目的是检验马有多聪明，故填smart。
32. 根据第三段“At the first phase, the horses had to touch some cards with their noses. When they did, they could get snacks.”，第一阶段马通过触碰卡片获取零食，故填cards。
33. 从第四段“This time, the horses touched the card as usual, but they couldn't always get snacks.”及最后一段“But they can quickly learn to follow the rules after making mistakes.”可知，第二阶段马因总是犯错而得不到零食，故填made mistakes。
34. 依据第五段“To everyone's surprise, the horses began to play correctly.”，第三阶段马开始正确进行游戏，故填play correctly。
35. 结合全文实验结论，可归纳为Horses are smart（或其他符合“马聪明/有学习能力”且不超10词的表述）。
【答案】
31. smart
32. cards
33. made mistakes
34. play correctly
35. Horses are smart（或Horses can learn quickly等符合要求的表述）
【知识点】
信息定位提取、归纳总结、任务型阅读
【点评】
本题考查学生在阅读中精准提取关键信息和归纳总结的能力，解题需紧扣材料对应段落，严格遵守各空的字数限制，能有效检验学生对阅读细节的把握能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
