One way that scientists learn about man is by studying animals. In this lab, the scientists are studying the relationship(关系)between diet and health. They are studying the relationship between the amount(数量)of food the mice eat and their health. The mice are in three groups. All three groups are receiving the same healthy food. The first group is eating one cup of food each day, the second group is eating two cups, and the third group is eating three cups.
After three years, the healthiest group is the one that is only eating one cup of food each day. The mice in this group are a little thinner. But they are more active. Most of the day, they are running and playing with one another. Also, they are living longer. Mice usually live for two years. Most of the mice in this group are still alive after three years. The second group of mice is healthy too. They are active, but not as active as the thinner mice. They are only living about two years. The last group of mice is receiving more food than the other two groups. Most of the day, these mice are eating or sleeping. They are not very active. These mice are living longer than the scientists thought—about a year and a half. But they are not healthy. They are sick more often than the other two groups.
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。(5分)
( )1.Scientists give each group of mice ___ amount of food every day.
A. a different B. the same C. a small
( )2.The experiment(实验)lasted for at least ___ years.
A. one and a half B. two C. three
( )3.The underlined word "they" in the second paragraph refers to "___".
A. the scientists B. all the mice C. the mice in the first group
( )4.The best title for the passage is“___”.
A. Diet and animals B. Diet and health C. Animals and human beings
( )5.The result of the experiment mainly shows that ___.
A. eating less may bring longer life B. the mice eat more than the scientists thought
C. the more exercise you take, the healthier you will be

(B) 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A

【分析】
做这篇阅读理解题，可按照以下思路进行：
1. 先通读全文，了解文章大意：科学家通过老鼠实验研究饮食与健康的关系，将老鼠分为三组，给予不同量的相同健康食物，观察三年后各组老鼠的健康和寿命情况。
2. 针对每个题目，回到原文定位关键信息：
第1题：找关于每组老鼠食物量的描述，从第一段中三组老鼠分别吃1杯、2杯、3杯食物的内容判断答案。
第2题：找实验持续时间的信息，根据第二段开头“After three years”确定时长。
第3题：判断代词“they”的指代对象，需看其前一句的主语，即第一组每天吃1杯食物的老鼠，结合语境判断。
第4题：确定文章标题，需抓住文章核心主题，文章开头就点明研究饮食与健康的关系，以此确定标题。
第5题：总结实验结果，对比三组老鼠的情况，第一组吃的最少但最健康、寿命最长，由此归纳实验结论。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“The first group is eating one cup of food each day, the second group is eating two cups, and the third group is eating three cups.”可知，三组老鼠每天得到的食物量不同，故选A。
2. 第2题：由第二段开头“After three years, the healthiest group is the one that is only eating one cup of food each day.”可知，实验至少持续了三年，故选C。
3. 第3题：第二段中“After three years, the healthiest group is the one that is only eating one cup of food each day. The mice in this group are a little thinner. But they are more active.”，这里的“they”指代前一句提到的“the mice in this group”，也就是第一组的老鼠，故选C。
4. 第4题：文章开头“In this lab, the scientists are studying the relationship(关系)between diet and health.”点明了文章的核心主题是研究饮食与健康的关系，所以最佳标题是“Diet and health”，故选B。
5. 第5题：对比三组老鼠的实验结果，第一组吃的食物最少，却最活跃、寿命最长；吃的最多的第三组寿命最短且不健康。由此可知实验结果主要表明吃的少可能带来更长的寿命，故选A。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.A
【知识点】
1. 阅读理解细节查找
2. 代词指代判断
3. 主旨大意归纳
【点评】
这是一篇科普类阅读理解，围绕“饮食与健康”的老鼠实验展开，重点考查学生对文章细节信息的定位能力、代词指代的逻辑判断能力以及主旨主题的归纳能力。解题时需紧扣原文，通过回文定位获取关键信息，避免主观臆断。
【难度系数】
0.6

五(2025·南通海门区期末改编)任务型阅读。(16分)
新素养 自我管理 Bella Brown bites her nails(指甲)a lot. Mrs Brown is worried. “Biting nails is a bad habit, and it's hard to stop，”she says.
"I know, but I always forget. Why is it so hard to remember?" asks Bella. "Well, look at this path. I walk with a wheelbarrow through it every day. The wheel of the wheelbarrow makes a rut in the middle of the path. The rut gets deeper every day. Now, the wheelbarrow can't get out of the rut easily. Bad habits are like the rut. The more often you do them, the harder it is to stop. But don't worry. We will help you," Mrs Brown says.
Mrs Brown tries first. She says, "If you don't bite your nails all day, I'll give you 10 cents (美分) at night." But it's not easy to change. Bella still bites her nails.
Grandma has a good idea. She gives Bella ten cents-one for each nail-every morning. If Bella bites a nail, Grandma takes one coin back. The sound of the coins in Bella's pocket helps her remember not to bite.
It's hard to stop a bad habit. Bella gives back some coins. But in ten days, she has 93 cents! And she has nice nails now.
(一)在图中找出与短文第二段中画线单词对应的事物，将序号填入方框内。(6分)

(二)阅读短文，选择正确的答案。(10分)
( )1.What is Bella Brown's bad habit?
A. Biting her pencils. B. Biting her nails. C. Getting up late.
( )2.What does Mrs Brown compare(把...比作) bad habits to?
A. A wheelbarrow. B. A rut in the path. C. The wheel.
( )3.How does Mrs Brown try to help Bella?
A. By giving her money. B. By playing games with her.
C. By telling her an interesting story.
( )4.How many times does Bella bite her nails in ten days?
A. Seven. B. Ten. C. Ninety-three.
( )5.Whose idea works for(有用；可行)Bella?
A. Mr Brown's. B. Mrs Brown's. C. Grandma's.

(一) 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C
(二) 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C

【分析】
本题分为两部分，第一部分是图文匹配，解题思路为先明确短文画线单词的含义，再对应图中事物：
1. 先理解每个单词的意思：wheelbarrow是手推车，wheel是轮子，rut是车辙，path是小路；
2. 对照图中标记，分别匹配对应的单词序号。
第二部分是阅读理解选择题，解题思路为：
1. 第1题：定位短文第一段，查找Bella的坏习惯；
2. 第2题：定位短文第二段Mrs Brown的话语，找到她对坏习惯的比喻；
3. 第3题：定位短文第三段，查看Mrs Brown帮助Bella的方式；
4. 第4题：根据最后一段的金额，计算Bella咬指甲的次数，10天共100美分，剩余93美分，差值即为咬指甲的次数；
5. 第5题：根据短文最后两段，判断谁的方法起到了作用。
【解析】
(一) 图文匹配：
1. 图中1标记的是手推车，对应单词wheelbarrow，选A；
2. 图中2标记的是轮子，对应单词wheel，选D；
3. 图中3标记的是车辙，对应单词rut，选B；
4. 图中4标记的是小路，对应单词path，选C。
(二) 选择题：
1. 由短文第一段第一句“Bella Brown bites her nails(指甲)a lot.”可知，Bella的坏习惯是咬指甲，选B；
2. 由短文第二段中“Bad habits are like the rut.”可知，Mrs Brown把坏习惯比作车辙，选B；
3. 由短文第三段中“If you don't bite your nails all day, I'll give you 10 cents (美分) at night.”可知，Mrs Brown通过给零花钱的方式帮助Bella，选A；
4. 10天每天10个指甲对应100美分，Bella最后有93美分，100-93=7，说明她咬了7次指甲，选A；
5. 由短文最后两段可知，Grandma的方法让Bella逐渐改掉了咬指甲的习惯，这个办法是可行的，选C。
【答案】
(一) 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C
(二) 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C
【知识点】
词汇匹配、细节理解、推理计算
【点评】
本题结合图文匹配与阅读理解，既考查学生的词汇认知能力，又考查对短文细节的抓取和简单推理能力，内容贴近生活，能帮助学生理解习惯养成的道理，题型设置合理，层次清晰。
【难度系数】
0.7