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Ⅴ. Read the passage and finish the following tasks.
Built over 2,200 years ago during the Qin Dynasty, the Dujiangyan Irrigation(灌溉) System is one of the world's oldest and most famous water projects. Located on the Min River, it was designed by the ancient engineer Li Bing in 256 BC to control flooding and provide water for farming in the Chengdu Plain.
The system splits the river into inner and outer channels. In dry seasons, 60% of the water flows into the inner rivers to irrigate farms. During rainy seasons, most water is directed to the outer channel, preventing floods. This smart design helped transform the region into productive farmland.
However, silt carried by the river required regular cleaning of the riverbed. When Dujiangyan was first built, Li Bing placed stone markers called Shima to show how deep to dig. Later, iron sticks known as Wotie replaced the stones as digging guides. Each dry season, people dug until they reached the Wotie.
The tradition of maintaining the riverbed has lasted over 2,000 years. Today, several Woties from different eras still lie underwater. Though modern tools are now used, these iron sticks remain powerful symbols of ancient wisdom, passing the knowledge of Li Bing across generations.
A. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
(
A. To make the Min River look beautiful.
B. To control floods and provide water for farms.
C. To help ships travel more easily.
D. To create a place for fishing.
(
A. They were used to measure water speed.
B. They showed people how deep to dig during cleaning.
C. They were placed to honour Li Bing.
D. They helped direct fish into the inner river.
(
A. The Dujiangyan system is an ancient smart water project that is still used today.
B. Li Bing was a famous Chinese engineer.
C. The Ming Dynasty improved the Dujiangyan system.
D. Cleaning the riverbed is very important.
B. Match the words to their meanings.
(
(
(
C. Answer the following questions.
30. What problem did silt cause for Dujiangyan? (Answer within 20 words)
Built over 2,200 years ago during the Qin Dynasty, the Dujiangyan Irrigation(灌溉) System is one of the world's oldest and most famous water projects. Located on the Min River, it was designed by the ancient engineer Li Bing in 256 BC to control flooding and provide water for farming in the Chengdu Plain.
The system splits the river into inner and outer channels. In dry seasons, 60% of the water flows into the inner rivers to irrigate farms. During rainy seasons, most water is directed to the outer channel, preventing floods. This smart design helped transform the region into productive farmland.
However, silt carried by the river required regular cleaning of the riverbed. When Dujiangyan was first built, Li Bing placed stone markers called Shima to show how deep to dig. Later, iron sticks known as Wotie replaced the stones as digging guides. Each dry season, people dug until they reached the Wotie.
The tradition of maintaining the riverbed has lasted over 2,000 years. Today, several Woties from different eras still lie underwater. Though modern tools are now used, these iron sticks remain powerful symbols of ancient wisdom, passing the knowledge of Li Bing across generations.
A. Read the passage and choose the best answers.
(
B
)24. Why was the Dujiangyan Irrigation System built?A. To make the Min River look beautiful.
B. To control floods and provide water for farms.
C. To help ships travel more easily.
D. To create a place for fishing.
(
B
)25. What can we infer about the Woties?A. They were used to measure water speed.
B. They showed people how deep to dig during cleaning.
C. They were placed to honour Li Bing.
D. They helped direct fish into the inner river.
(
A
)26. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The Dujiangyan system is an ancient smart water project that is still used today.
B. Li Bing was a famous Chinese engineer.
C. The Ming Dynasty improved the Dujiangyan system.
D. Cleaning the riverbed is very important.
B. Match the words to their meanings.
(
B
)27. Shima A. Small soil pieces left by water.(
C
)28. Wotie B. Stone markers used in ancient times.(
A
)29. Silt C. Iron sticks used to guide digging.C. Answer the following questions.
30. What problem did silt cause for Dujiangyan? (Answer within 20 words)
It made the riverbed shallower, so people had to clean it every year.
答案
24.B 25.B 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.A 30. It made the riverbed shallower, so people had to clean it every year.
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍都江堰水利工程的阅读理解题，解题思路很清晰：首先先浏览所有题干，带着问题回到原文对应位置定位信息，细节类题目直接匹配原文描述即可，主旨类题目需要排除只覆盖局部内容的片面选项，词义匹配题直接找原文对对应事物的定义，最后简答题要严格控制字数符合要求。比如细节题24、25直接找原文对应语句就能锁定答案，主旨题26要抓住全文核心介绍对象都江堰本身，不要被只讲局部内容的干扰项误导，词义匹配直接对应第三段对三个事物的描述即可，最后一题从淤泥带来的影响整理出符合字数要求的回答。
【解析】
24. 原文第一段明确提到都江堰建造目的是"to control flooding and provide water for farming in the Chengdu Plain"，和选项B完全吻合，其余选项的美化河流、便利航运、提供钓鱼场所原文均未提及，因此选B。
25. 原文第三段说明Wotie是替代石标的挖掘指引，人们清淤时挖到Wotie就停止，对应选项B的作用是清淤时指示挖掘深度，其余选项的测流速、纪念李冰、引导鱼类均不符合原文描述，因此选B。
26. 全文从建造背景、工作原理、历代维护传承多个角度介绍都江堰，核心是说明它是沿用至今的古代智慧水利工程，选项B只讲李冰、选项D只讲清淤都是局部内容，选项C提到明朝改进都江堰原文完全没有涉及，因此选A。
27. 原文第三段提到"Li Bing placed stone markers called Shima"，可知Shima是古代放置的石标，对应选项B。
28. 原文第三段提到"iron sticks known as Wotie replaced the stones as digging guides"，可知Wotie是指引挖掘的铁棍，对应选项C。
29. silt的含义是淤泥，是水流携带的细小沉积物，对应选项A描述的水流留下的细小土块。
30. 从原文第三段开头可知，河流携带的淤泥会抬高河床，需要人们定期清理，整理成不超过20词的符合要求的表述即可。
【答案】
24.B 25.B 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.A 30. It made the riverbed shallower, so people had to clean it every year.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，主旨归纳
【点评】
这篇阅读结合中国传统文化遗产都江堰命题，既考察基础阅读能力也渗透文化常识，绝大多数题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，只有主旨题需要区分局部信息和全文核心，整体难度友好，适合巩固阅读基础能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍都江堰水利工程的阅读理解题，解题思路很清晰：首先先浏览所有题干，带着问题回到原文对应位置定位信息，细节类题目直接匹配原文描述即可，主旨类题目需要排除只覆盖局部内容的片面选项，词义匹配题直接找原文对对应事物的定义，最后简答题要严格控制字数符合要求。比如细节题24、25直接找原文对应语句就能锁定答案，主旨题26要抓住全文核心介绍对象都江堰本身，不要被只讲局部内容的干扰项误导，词义匹配直接对应第三段对三个事物的描述即可，最后一题从淤泥带来的影响整理出符合字数要求的回答。
【解析】
24. 原文第一段明确提到都江堰建造目的是"to control flooding and provide water for farming in the Chengdu Plain"，和选项B完全吻合，其余选项的美化河流、便利航运、提供钓鱼场所原文均未提及，因此选B。
25. 原文第三段说明Wotie是替代石标的挖掘指引，人们清淤时挖到Wotie就停止，对应选项B的作用是清淤时指示挖掘深度，其余选项的测流速、纪念李冰、引导鱼类均不符合原文描述，因此选B。
26. 全文从建造背景、工作原理、历代维护传承多个角度介绍都江堰，核心是说明它是沿用至今的古代智慧水利工程，选项B只讲李冰、选项D只讲清淤都是局部内容，选项C提到明朝改进都江堰原文完全没有涉及，因此选A。
27. 原文第三段提到"Li Bing placed stone markers called Shima"，可知Shima是古代放置的石标，对应选项B。
28. 原文第三段提到"iron sticks known as Wotie replaced the stones as digging guides"，可知Wotie是指引挖掘的铁棍，对应选项C。
29. silt的含义是淤泥，是水流携带的细小沉积物，对应选项A描述的水流留下的细小土块。
30. 从原文第三段开头可知，河流携带的淤泥会抬高河床，需要人们定期清理，整理成不超过20词的符合要求的表述即可。
【答案】
24.B 25.B 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.A 30. It made the riverbed shallower, so people had to clean it every year.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，主旨归纳
【点评】
这篇阅读结合中国传统文化遗产都江堰命题，既考察基础阅读能力也渗透文化常识，绝大多数题目都可以通过原文直接定位得到答案，只有主旨题需要区分局部信息和全文核心，整体难度友好，适合巩固阅读基础能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
