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五、阅读理解。
新素养 文化认同 ① Foreigners like growing flowers in the garden and enjoy the nice smell in spring. However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables and get a harvest(收获) in autumn. For Chinese, bottles, even plastic bags are perfect for growing vegetables.
② It's said that there is a “vegetable gene(基因)” in every Chinese person. After all, they have farmed for thousands of years and gained rich experience in growing vegetables.
③ A group of parents of Chinese students once grew vegetables at Yale University in the USA. This area used to be covered with weeds(杂草). To help change the situation, these Chinese parents worked together and finally turned weeds into vegetables.
④ Africa is such a poor place. Many hard-working and kind-hearted Chinese workers went there to help. They helped build roads as well as teach Africans how to farm. All kinds of fruit and vegetables have been grown in Africa.
⑤ The soldiers(士兵) on the islands of the South China Sea also created a vegetable garden through their own efforts(努力). It used to be difficult for the soldiers to eat fresh vegetables on the islands. But recently, they harvested 750 kg of vegetables on sandy beaches. Everyone was excited.
⑥ With the development of science and technology in China, Chinese people have grown vegetables all over the world, from Europe to Africa. The days of planting potatoes on Mars(火星) will not be far away.
1. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By listing some numbers.
B. By asking some questions.
C. By telling different jokes(玩笑).
D. By comparing different facts.
2. Which of the following is NOT the fact to show Chinese people's “vegetable gene”?
A. Chinese people have much farming experience for planting.
B. Chinese people have already planted potatoes in outer space, such as on Mars.
C. Chinese soldiers on the islands of the South China Sea harvested 750 kg of vegetables.
D. Parents of Chinese students at Yale University turned weeds into vegetables.
3. 新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
4. 新考法 情感基调 What tone(语气) does the writer use in this passage?
A. Polite.
B. Proud(自豪的).
C. Sad.
D. Bored.
新素养 文化认同 ① Foreigners like growing flowers in the garden and enjoy the nice smell in spring. However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables and get a harvest(收获) in autumn. For Chinese, bottles, even plastic bags are perfect for growing vegetables.
② It's said that there is a “vegetable gene(基因)” in every Chinese person. After all, they have farmed for thousands of years and gained rich experience in growing vegetables.
③ A group of parents of Chinese students once grew vegetables at Yale University in the USA. This area used to be covered with weeds(杂草). To help change the situation, these Chinese parents worked together and finally turned weeds into vegetables.
④ Africa is such a poor place. Many hard-working and kind-hearted Chinese workers went there to help. They helped build roads as well as teach Africans how to farm. All kinds of fruit and vegetables have been grown in Africa.
⑤ The soldiers(士兵) on the islands of the South China Sea also created a vegetable garden through their own efforts(努力). It used to be difficult for the soldiers to eat fresh vegetables on the islands. But recently, they harvested 750 kg of vegetables on sandy beaches. Everyone was excited.
⑥ With the development of science and technology in China, Chinese people have grown vegetables all over the world, from Europe to Africa. The days of planting potatoes on Mars(火星) will not be far away.
1. How does the writer start the passage?
A. By listing some numbers.
B. By asking some questions.
C. By telling different jokes(玩笑).
D. By comparing different facts.
2. Which of the following is NOT the fact to show Chinese people's “vegetable gene”?
A. Chinese people have much farming experience for planting.
B. Chinese people have already planted potatoes in outer space, such as on Mars.
C. Chinese soldiers on the islands of the South China Sea harvested 750 kg of vegetables.
D. Parents of Chinese students at Yale University turned weeds into vegetables.
3. 新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
4. 新考法 情感基调 What tone(语气) does the writer use in this passage?
A. Polite.
B. Proud(自豪的).
C. Sad.
D. Bored.
答案
1. D 【解析】根据第一段中“Foreigners like growing flowers in the garden... However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables and get a harvest in autumn.”可知，外国人喜欢种花，然而中国人喜欢种菜，作者通过对比这两种事实来展开文章。
2. B
3. A 【解析】通读全文可知，第一、二两段引出中国人有“蔬菜基因”这一话题；紧接着第三至第五段通过列举三个事实证明中国人的“蔬菜基因”；第六段总结全文，展望未来，阐明科技的发展助力中国人在各地种菜。因此A项符合文章结构。
4. B
2. B
3. A 【解析】通读全文可知，第一、二两段引出中国人有“蔬菜基因”这一话题；紧接着第三至第五段通过列举三个事实证明中国人的“蔬菜基因”；第六段总结全文，展望未来，阐明科技的发展助力中国人在各地种菜。因此A项符合文章结构。
4. B
解析
【分析】
解答本题需先通读全文，明确各段落功能与内容：第1题考查文章开头方式，需对比中外种植喜好的差异；第2题考查细节判断，要筛选不符合“蔬菜基因”的事实；第3题考查篇章结构，需梳理文章各部分组成：1-2段引出“蔬菜基因”话题（Lead in），3-5段列举实例（Examples），6段展望未来（Look to the future）；第4题考查情感基调，需从内容感知作者语气。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“Foreigners like growing flowers... However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables...”，作者通过对比中外不同种植事实开头，选D。
2. 第2题：B选项“在火星种土豆”是未来展望，非已发生事实，其他选项均为文中提及的真实事例，选B。
3. 第3题：文章1-2段引出“蔬菜基因”话题，3-5段举耶鲁家长、非洲工人、南海士兵三个实例，6段展望未来，对应选项A的结构，选A。
4. 第4题：文章讲述中国人在各地种菜的成就，最后展望火星种菜，语气充满自豪，选B。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本题围绕“中国人的蔬菜基因”展开，考查学生阅读理解核心能力，渗透文化认同素养，需学生准确梳理文章逻辑、提取关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
解答本题需先通读全文，明确各段落功能与内容：第1题考查文章开头方式，需对比中外种植喜好的差异；第2题考查细节判断，要筛选不符合“蔬菜基因”的事实；第3题考查篇章结构，需梳理文章各部分组成：1-2段引出“蔬菜基因”话题（Lead in），3-5段列举实例（Examples），6段展望未来（Look to the future）；第4题考查情感基调，需从内容感知作者语气。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第一段“Foreigners like growing flowers... However, Chinese people prefer growing vegetables...”，作者通过对比中外不同种植事实开头，选D。
2. 第2题：B选项“在火星种土豆”是未来展望，非已发生事实，其他选项均为文中提及的真实事例，选B。
3. 第3题：文章1-2段引出“蔬菜基因”话题，3-5段举耶鲁家长、非洲工人、南海士兵三个实例，6段展望未来，对应选项A的结构，选A。
4. 第4题：文章讲述中国人在各地种菜的成就，最后展望火星种菜，语气充满自豪，选B。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、篇章结构分析
【点评】
本题围绕“中国人的蔬菜基因”展开，考查学生阅读理解核心能力，渗透文化认同素养，需学生准确梳理文章逻辑、提取关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
