一、请根据所给单词和标点符号连词成句。
1. I, beating, the, heard, rain, woke, the, when, window, I, up
.
2. I, the, was, when, started, sleeping, earthquake
.
3. Mike, garden, working, his, while, hurt, he, in, back, the, was
.
4. was, while, Jenny, doing, you, sleeping, were, what
?
5. you, what, doing, were, called, I, when, you
?
6. raining, it, we, back, while, was, were, hard, driving
.

1. I heard the rain beating the window when I woke up
2. I was sleeping when the earthquake started / The earthquake started when I was sleeping
3. Mike hurt his back while he was working in the garden
4. What were you doing while Jenny was sleeping / What was Jenny doing while you were sleeping
5. What were you doing when I called you
6. It was raining hard while we were driving back

【分析】
这类连词成句题需先判断句子类型（陈述句/疑问句），再结合when、while引导时间状语从句的规则解题：when可接短暂性动词（用一般过去时）或延续性动词（用过去进行时），while通常接延续性动词（用过去进行时），需明确主句和从句的结构，最后调整语序符合英语表达习惯，注意标点符号。
【解析】
1. 本题为陈述句，主句结构：主语I+谓语heard+宾语the rain+宾语补足语beating the window；when引导时间状语从句，从句结构：主语I+谓语woke up，组合得正确句子。
2. 本题为陈述句，when引导时间状语从句，主句可用过去进行时（I was sleeping），从句用短暂性动词（the earthquake started），或反之，两种合理表达均正确。
3. 本题为陈述句，while引导时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时（he was working in the garden），主句结构：主语Mike+谓语hurt+宾语his back，组合得正确句子。
4. 本题为特殊疑问句，疑问词what开头，主句用过去进行时（were you doing/was Jenny doing），while引导过去进行时的从句，两种合理表达均正确。
5. 本题为特殊疑问句，疑问词what开头，主句用过去进行时（were you doing），when引导短暂性动词的从句（I called you），组合得正确句子。
6. 本题为陈述句，while引导时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时（It was raining hard），从句结构：主语we+谓语were driving back，组合得正确句子。
【答案】
1. I heard the rain beating the window when I woke up
2. I was sleeping when the earthquake started / The earthquake started when I was sleeping
3. Mike hurt his back while he was working in the garden
4. What were you doing while Jenny was sleeping / What was Jenny doing while you were sleeping
5. What were you doing when I called you
6. It was raining hard while we were driving back
【知识点】
时间状语从句（when/while用法）、连词成句规则
【点评】
本题主要考查when和while引导时间状语从句的用法，需掌握两者的区别（when可接短暂/延续动词，while多接延续动词），以及过去进行时与一般过去时的搭配，是初中英语基础题型，需注意句子语序和动词形式的正确性。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、请根据句意用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
7. Jenny (wait) for me when I arrived.
8. —What (be) you (do) at this time yesterday?
—I was sleeping.
9. How fast (be) you (drive) when the accident
(happen)?
10. Sam took a picture of me while I (not look).
11. We were in a very difficult position. We (not know) what to do.
12. When I last (see) Alan, he (try) to find a job.
13. I (walk) along the street when suddenly I (hear)
footsteps behind me. Somebody (follow) me. I was scared and I
(start) to run.
14. Last night I (drop) a plate when I (do) the dishes.
Luckily, it (not break).

7. was waiting
8. were, doing
9. were, driving, happened
10. was not looking
11. were not knowing
12. saw, was trying
13. was walking, heard, was following, started
14. dropped, was doing, wasn't broken

【分析】
本题主要考查过去进行时与一般过去时的用法，核心是区分when和while引导时间状语从句的时态规则：when引导的从句表短暂动作，用一般过去时，主句表过去某时刻正在进行的长动作，用过去进行时；while引导的从句表持续动作，常用过去进行时，主句表短暂动作，用一般过去时；状态动词（如know）的过去状态需结合主语确定be动词形式。解题时先判断每个句子的时间标志或动作性质，再对应时态规则填空。
【解析】
7. 句意：当我到达时，Jenny正在等我。when引导的从句中arrived是短暂动作，用一般过去时；主句动作wait是过去某时刻正在进行的长动作，主语Jenny为单数，过去进行时结构为was+现在分词，故填was waiting。
8. 句意：——昨天这个时候你在做什么？——我在睡觉。at this time yesterday是过去进行时的标志，结构为was/were+现在分词，主语为you，be动词用were，do的现在分词为doing，故填were, doing。
9. 句意：事故发生时你开得多快？when引导的从句中happen是短暂动作，用一般过去时happened；主句动作drive是过去某时刻正在进行的长动作，主语为you，be动词用were，drive的现在分词为driving，故填were, driving, happened。
10. 句意：当我没看的时候，Sam给我拍了张照片。while引导的从句中look是持续动作，用过去进行时，主语为I，be动词用was，否定式为was not，look的现在分词为looking，故填was not looking。
11. 句意：我们处境很困难，不知道该做什么。know是状态动词，表过去的状态，主语为we，be动词用were，否定式为were not，故填were not knowing。
12. 句意：我上次见到Alan时，他正在找工作。when引导的从句中see是短暂动作，用一般过去时saw；主句动作try是过去某时刻正在进行的长动作，主语Alan为单数，be动词用was，try的现在分词为trying，故填saw, was trying。
13. 句意：我正沿着街道走，突然听到身后有脚步声。有人在跟着我。我很害怕，开始跑。第一个动作walk是持续动作，用过去进行时was walking；hear是短暂动作，用一般过去时heard；follow是当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时was following；start是短暂动作，用一般过去时started，故填was walking, heard, was following, started。
14. 句意：昨晚我洗碗的时候打碎了一个盘子。幸运的是，它没碎。drop是短暂动作，用一般过去时dropped；do the dishes是持续动作，用过去进行时was doing；break是结果，用一般过去时否定式wasn't broken，故填dropped, was doing, wasn't broken。
【答案】
7. was waiting
8. were, doing
9. were, driving, happened
10. was not looking
11. were not knowing
12. saw, was trying
13. was walking, heard, was following, started
14. dropped, was doing, wasn't broken
【知识点】
过去进行时、一般过去时、when/while用法
【点评】
本题为初中英语时态基础题，核心考查过去进行时与一般过去时的区分，需掌握when和while引导从句的时态规则，通过动作的短暂性/持续性判断时态，是时态模块的核心考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3

三、请阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
(每空限填一词，每词限用一次)
work happen sound beat put thick rise report bring like
Ben could hear strong winds outside his home. 15. clouds were making
the sky very dark. It felt 16. midnight. The news on TV 17.
that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighbourhood was busy preparing.
Ben's dad was 18. pieces of wood over the windows while his mum was
making sure the flashlights and radio were 19. . She also put some candles
and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mum make dinner while the rain was 20.
heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was
hard to have fun with a serious storm 21. outside. Ben could not sleep at first.
When the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m., he finally fell asleep 22. .
When he woke up, the sun was 23. . He went outside with his family and found
the neighbourhood in a mess. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They
joined the neighbours to help clean up the neighbourhood together. Although the storm broke
many things apart, it 24. families and neighbours closer together.

15. Thick
16. like
17. reported
18. putting
19. working
20. beating
21. happening
22. soundly
23. rising
24. brought

【分析】
首先通读短文，明确主题为暴风雨来临前后的家庭与邻里应对场景；先梳理方框内单词：thick、like、report、put、work、beat、happen、sound、rise、bring，需结合语境、语法规则（时态、词性变形）及固定搭配选词，且每词限用一次。解题时先定位每个空的词性需求，再结合语境匹配单词并调整形式：15题修饰名词clouds需形容词；16题考查固定搭配；17题需动词过去式作谓语；18题需过去进行时动词形式；19题需动词ing形式表状态；20题需过去进行时动词形式；21题考查with复合结构中非谓语动词；22题需副词修饰动词短语；23题需过去进行时动词形式；24题需动词过去式作谓语。
【解析】
15. 修饰名词clouds需形容词，方框中thick（厚的）符合“厚云”的语境，且句首首字母大写，故填Thick。
16. 考查固定搭配feel like（感觉像），符合“感觉像午夜”的语境，故填like。
17. 主语The news on TV作谓语需动词过去式，report（报道）的过去式reported符合“电视新闻报道”的语境，故填reported。
18. 此处为过去进行时（was+现在分词），put over意为“把……放在……上”，put的现在分词为putting，符合“爸爸正在把木板贴在窗户上”的语境，故填putting。
19. 此处需动词ing形式与were构成过去进行时，work（运转）的现在分词working符合“确保手电筒和收音机正常运转”的语境，故填working。
20. 此处为过去进行时（was+现在分词），beat against意为“拍打”，beat的现在分词为beating，符合“雨重重拍打窗户”的语境，故填beating。
21. 考查with复合结构：with+宾语+非谓语动词，storm与happen为主动关系，故用现在分词happening，符合“外面正有一场严重的暴风雨发生”的语境，故填happening。
22. 此处需副词修饰动词短语fell asleep，sound的副词形式soundly意为“香甜地”，符合“睡得香甜”的语境，故填soundly。
23. 此处为过去进行时（was+现在分词），rise（升起）的现在分词rising符合“太阳正在升起”的语境，故填rising。
24. 此处作谓语需动词过去式，bring（使……达到某种状态）的过去式brought符合“暴风雨让家人和邻居更亲近”的语境，故填brought。
【答案】
15. Thick
16. like
17. reported
18. putting
19. working
20. beating
21. happening
22. soundly
23. rising
24. brought
【知识点】
动词时态、固定搭配、词性变形
【点评】
本题为英语选词填空基础题型，考查词汇在语境中的灵活运用，需结合短文大意、语法规则（时态、非谓语、词性转换）及固定搭配完成，侧重考查学生的语境理解与词汇变形能力，是初中英语常见题型。
【难度系数】
0.6