D
①Plastic waste is one of the biggest problems our planet faces. Plastic doesn’t go away easily. It stays in the environment for hundreds of years，causing harm to animals，oceans，and nature. Every year，millions of animals suffer because of plastic. Some get sick after eating it，while others get trapped in it. And those huge “plastic islands” in the oceans just keep getting bigger.
②But guess what? Scientists have found something amazing. They’ve found that certain plants and fungi(真菌)can really “eat” plastic! In one experiment，scientists placed a plastic bottle and some fungi inside a box. After a few weeks，the fungi produced special chemicals. These chemicals slowly turned the plastic into tiny pieces. By the end of the experiment，most of the bottle was gone，leaving behind only safe things like water and air. This shows how powerful fungi can be in fighting plastic waste.
③Scientists also found other fungi and small living things in forests and mountains that can break down plastic. These little helpers live well even in bad conditions. Since there are so many of them，they’re great at breaking down hard plastic.
④This finding could change how we ▲ plastic. Old ways like recycling are expensive and don’t always work perfectly. Using plants and fungi to get rid of plastic would cost less and be much friendlier to the environment than the processes used in factories.
⑤However，there are still problems. First，we need to grow enough of these plastic-eating fungi. And we must make sure they don’t cause any new problems for nature. Also，scientists need to do more research to help these fungi work well in the real world，not just in labs.
⑥Even with these problems，there’s a lot of hope. We could create special farms in the oceans and polluted areas to grow these helpful fungi and plants. With more of them around，they can break down plastic waste faster and more effectively.
⑦If we can make the most of these special fungi，we might finally solve the plastic pollution problem and make our earth a cleaner place. Scientists are working hard to find out the best ways to use fungi against plastic pollution in the future.
()37. What did the scientists find according to their experiment in Paragraph 2?
A. Plastic pollution is quite hard to solve.
B. Fungi can really break down plastic waste.
C. People can use fungi instead of plastic.
D. Plastic will produce new chemicals.
()38. Which phrase is the most suitable to be filled in the “▲”?
A. hand out
B. tidy up
C. deal with
D. care about
()39. According to the last paragraph，what might the writer talk about next?
A. The future use of plastic-eating fungi.
B. New ways to make our earth cleaner.
C. Other ways of solving plastic pollution.
D. Some new experiments from scientists.
()40. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?(①＝Paragraph 1，②＝Paragraph 2...)

37~40 BCA A

【分析】
37题：定位第2段，该段明确提到科学家发现某些植物和真菌能“吃”塑料，实验中真菌将塑料分解为无害物质，对应选项B；
38题：第4段讲旧塑料处理方式（回收）的不足，用真菌处理塑料更环保，需填“处理”相关短语，deal with符合语境，对应选项C；
39题：最后一段围绕“利用塑料-eating fungi解决塑料污染”展开，接下来应讲这类真菌的未来用途，对应选项A；
40题：分析文章结构：①总述塑料污染问题，②③介绍真菌分解塑料的发现，④说明该发现的作用，⑤指出存在的问题，⑥说明应用希望，⑦总结展望，对应选项A的结构。
【解析】
37题：细节理解题。第2段实验证明真菌能分解塑料，A选项是塑料污染的现状而非实验发现，C选项“代替塑料”与原文“分解塑料”不符，D选项是真菌产生化学物质分解塑料而非塑料产生化学物质，故答案为B。
38题：词义猜测题。第4段对比旧塑料处理方式的弊端，用真菌处理塑料更环保，deal with意为“处理”，符合语境；hand out（分发）、tidy up（整理）、care about（关心）均不符合，故答案为C。
39题：推理判断题。最后一段聚焦“塑料-eating fungi解决塑料污染”，接下来最可能讲这类真菌的未来应用，B、C、D选项均偏离核心主题，故答案为A。
40题：文章结构题。文章①引出问题，②③讲发现，④讲意义，⑤讲问题，⑥讲希望，⑦总结，对应选项A的结构，故答案为A。
【答案】
BCAA
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测、文章结构分析
【点评】
本文是关于塑料污染及真菌分解塑料的说明文，考查学生的细节查找、词义推断、逻辑推理和文章结构分析能力，题型常规，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7