2026年新课程新教材导航学八年级英语下册外研版第21页答案
三、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
a deal is a deal be cross with head back out of breath promise to
1. She ran to catch the early bus,
out of breath
.
2.
A deal is a deal
—my father never breaks his word.
3. My brother
promised to
help me fix my bike before he left for school this morning.
4. After enjoying the sunset by the lake, we decided to
head back
before the rain started.
5. Mr Li
was cross with
his students because none of them remembered to bring the textbook.

答案

1. out of breath 2. A deal is a deal
3. promised to 4. head back
5. was cross with

解析

【分析】
本题为短语适当形式填空题,需先明确各短语含义:a deal is a deal意为“一言为定;说到做到”,be cross with意为“生……的气”,head back意为“返回”,out of breath意为“上气不接下气”,promise to意为“承诺做……”。再结合句子语境、时态及语法规则选择并调整短语形式:1句描述赶车后的状态,需表“上气不接下气”的短语;2句需对应“说到做到”的谚语;3句由过去式动词left确定用promise的过去式;4句decide to后接动词原形,需表“返回”的短语;5句结合语境确定用be cross with的过去式,匹配主语的be动词形式。
【解析】
1. 句意:她跑去赶早班车,上气不接下气。out of breath为固定介词短语,意为“上气不接下气”,符合语境,无需变形,故填out of breath。
2. 句意:一言为定——我爸爸从不食言。A deal is a deal是固定谚语,意为“一言为定;说到做到”,首字母大写,符合语境,故填A deal is a deal。
3. 句意:我哥哥今早上学离开前承诺帮我修自行车。由句中left(leave的过去式)可知句子为一般过去时,promise to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“承诺做某事”,故填promised to。
4. 句意:在湖边欣赏完日落后,我们决定在下雨前返回。decide to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“决定做某事”,head back意为“返回”,用动词原形,故填head back。
5. 句意:李老师生他学生的气,因为没人记得带课本。be cross with是固定搭配,意为“生……的气”,描述过去的事用一般过去时,主语Mr Li是单数,be动词用was,故填was cross with。
【答案】
1. out of breath 2. A deal is a deal 3. promised to 4. head back 5. was cross with
【知识点】
短语辨析、一般过去时、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语短语的语境运用,需学生掌握给定短语的词义,结合句子时态、固定搭配及语境选择正确形式,是初中英语常见基础题型,侧重基础知识的应用。
【难度系数】
0.5
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. I
ran through the door out of breath
(气喘吁吁地跑进门), just as the class bell started ringing.
2. After running fast, Lily
looked pale
(看起来苍白) and sat down to rest.
3. The lost girl
was taken home by
(被……带回家) a policewoman safely just now.

答案

1. ran through the door out of breath
2. looked pale
3. was taken home by

解析

【分析】
本题为根据汉语提示完成句子的题型,需结合句子时态、固定短语及语态知识作答。第1题根据后半句的过去式确定动词形式,结合“跑进门”“气喘吁吁地”的英文表达组合;第2题根据并列动作的时态确定系动词形式,搭配“看起来苍白”的短语;第3题根据主语与动作的被动关系及时间状语确定被动语态结构,完成“被……带回家”的表达。
【解析】
1. 句子后半部分“the class bell started ringing”为一般过去时,故此处用动词过去式。“跑进门”译为run through the door,“气喘吁吁地”译为out of breath,run的过去式是ran,因此填ran through the door out of breath。
2. 并列动作sat(sit的过去式)表明时态为一般过去时,“看起来”用系动词look的过去式looked,“苍白”译为pale,因此填looked pale。
3. 主语the lost girl是“带回家”动作的承受者,需用被动语态;时间状语just now是一般过去时的标志,一般过去时被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”,主语为单数,故用was taken home by,符合“被……带回家”的含义。
【答案】
1. ran through the door out of breath
2. looked pale
3. was taken home by
【知识点】
一般过去时、固定短语、被动语态
【点评】
本题考查常用短语的英文表达及时态、语态的基本运用,属于基础题型,需学生掌握常见的动词短语搭配及一般过去时、被动语态的基本结构,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
五、翻译句子
1. 我的爸爸答应今晚九点前回来。
My father promised to be back before nine o'clock tonight.

答案

1. My father promised to be back
before nine o'clock tonight.

解析

【分析】首先拆分原句的核心成分:主语是“我的爸爸”,对应英文My father;谓语部分“答应做某事”需用固定搭配promise to do sth,且“答应”是已发生的动作,故用promise的过去式promised;动作内容“回来”对应be back;时间状语“今晚九点前”对应before nine o'clock tonight,英语中时间状语通常置于句末,按此规则组合即可。
【解析】1. 确定主语:我的爸爸→My father;2. 确定谓语结构:答应做某事→promised to do(promise过去式表已发生的动作);3. 确定动作内容:回来→be back;4. 确定时间状语:今晚九点前→before nine o'clock tonight;将各部分按英语语序组合,得到完整译文。
【答案】My father promised to be back before nine o'clock tonight.
【知识点】动词短语(promise to do)、时间状语表达
【点评】本题为基础汉译英题,考查常用动词短语及时间状语的正确运用,属于初中英语基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
2. 在我回去的路上,我意识到我的手机落在Jiacheng家里了。
On my way back, I realised that my phone was at Jiacheng's house.

答案

2. On my way back, I realised that
my phone was at Jiacheng's house.

解析

【分析】
本题为汉译英题型,需掌握常用短语搭配、宾语从句结构及名词所有格用法。首先拆分中文句子:“在我回去的路上”对应固定英文短语,“我意识到”为主句需用一般过去时,后接that引导的宾语从句,“Jiacheng家里”需用名词所有格表达所属关系,最后组合成完整句子。
【解析】
1. “在我回去的路上”译为固定搭配On my way back;
2. “我意识到”用一般过去时I realised,后接that引导的宾语从句;
3. “我的手机落在Jiacheng家里”译为my phone was at Jiacheng's house(用主系表结构体现状态,Jiacheng的家用所有格Jiacheng's);
将各部分组合得到完整英文句子。
【答案】
On my way back, I realised that my phone was at Jiacheng's house.
【知识点】
固定搭配、宾语从句、名词所有格
【点评】
本题考查日常情景的基础汉译英,涉及常用短语、从句及所有格的基础用法,是英语学习中常见的基础题型,注重核心表达的掌握。
【难度系数】
0.6
3. 妈妈因为今天早上对我发脾气而感到抱歉。
Mum felt sorry for being cross with me this morning.

答案

3. Mum felt sorry for being cross
with me this morning.

解析

【分析】
首先明确句子的核心结构:主语(妈妈)+ 谓语(感到抱歉)+ 原因状语(对我发脾气)+ 时间状语(今天早上)。翻译时,“妈妈”对应Mum;“感到抱歉”用固定搭配feel sorry for,结合语境是过去发生的事,所以feel变为过去式felt;“对我发脾气”是固定短语be cross with sb,for是介词,后面接动词的动名词形式,所以be变为being;时间状语“今天早上”直接译为this morning,放在句末。
【解析】
根据上述分析,将各部分按英文表达习惯组合:主语Mum + 谓语felt sorry for + 原因部分being cross with me + 时间状语this morning,即Mum felt sorry for being cross with me this morning。
【答案】
Mum felt sorry for being cross with me this morning.
【知识点】
一般过去时;固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查日常情景的汉译英,需掌握相关固定短语的用法及一般过去时的正确运用,难度适中,适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
六、完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳答案。
Growing up isn't always easy. Many of us face small fights with parents, and these 1
A
can make us feel sad. I had such a problem last month. I wanted to join the school music club, but my dad 2
B
agree. He thought practising music would affect my grades.
I felt angry and stopped talking to him. For days, we didn't have any 3
C
. Every time he tried to talk to me, I would 4
A
to my room. One evening, Dad came into my room with my favourite snack. He said softly,"I know you love music. Can you tell me why it's important to you?"
I told him music helped me relax and that I 5
B
to balance it with my studies. Dad listened carefully and said,"I'm sorry for being 6
C
with you these days. I just want the best for you. " I also apologised for not talking to him earlier.
After that talk, I 7
A
to study hard, and everything 8
A
for the better. Dad allowed me to join the club, and we communicate more often now. I've learned that growing up not only means following our dreams, but also means 9
D
our feelings to parents. They may not always understand us at first, but with a little bit of patience and 10
B
, most problems can be solved.
1. A. disagreements B. hobbies C. promises D. changes
2. A. not B. didn't C. shouldn't D. forgot to
3. A. fights B. mistakes C. conversations D. games
4. A. head back B. run through C. look away D. fall upon
5. A. failed B. promised C. remembered D. forgot
6. A. proud B. sorry C. cross D. happy
7. A. began B. failed C. hated D. stopped
8. A. took a turn B. kept a promise C. looked pale D. ran through
9. A. hiding B. speaking C. comparing D. explaining
10. A. argument B. communication C. competition D. celebration

答案

1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.B

解析

【分析】
解答完形填空需先通读全文,把握文章主旨(成长中与父母的矛盾及沟通解决的过程),再逐题结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配等逻辑分析选项,选出最符合文意的答案。
【解析】
1. 第1题:前文提到与父母的小争吵,这些“分歧(disagreements)”会让人难过,故选A。
2. 第2题:描述过去发生的动作(爸爸不同意),一般过去时的否定形式用didn't,故选B。
3. 第3题:因生气不说话,几天没有“对话(conversations)”,故选C。
4. 第4题:爸爸说话时“返回(head back)”房间,符合语境,故选A。
5. 第5题:向爸爸承诺平衡音乐与学业,promised符合文意,故选B。
6. 第6题:爸爸道歉,说自己这些天对你“生气的(cross)”,故选C。
7. 第7题:谈话后“开始(began)”努力学习,故选A。
8. 第8题:固定搭配take a turn for the better表示“好转”,符合文意,故选A。
9. 第9题:成长意味着向父母“解释(explaining)”感受,故选D。
10. 第10题:结合前文沟通的情节,“沟通(communication)”能解决问题,故选B。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.B
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文围绕成长中的亲子矛盾展开,贴近学生生活,侧重考查语境理解与基础词汇运用,逻辑清晰,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6