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八、[核心素养]任务型阅读。
人与自然——环境保护
On March 4th, 2023, after 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new UN agreement—The High Seas Treaty (《公海条约》). It is the first of its kind in 40 years. 1.
Oceans cover about 71％ of the Earth's surface, and they are home to all kinds of animals and plants. Healthy oceans play a very important role in a healthy planet. 2.
In 1982, one UN sea agreement described the "high seas"—the parts of the oceans that aren't controlled by any countries. 3.
During the past 10 years, the talks were held time and time again. 5.
根据短文内容，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项是多余的。
A. But the oceans are in trouble.
B. And it's a great achievement in protecting the world's oceans.
C. So all countries have the right to fish and send ships there.
D. The agreement was finally reached after difficult discussions.
E. That is because different countries have their own different ideas.
F. The new agreement sets a goal to turn 30％ of the high seas into protected areas.
人与自然——环境保护
On March 4th, 2023, after 10 years of difficult talks, nearly 200 countries agreed to a new UN agreement—The High Seas Treaty (《公海条约》). It is the first of its kind in 40 years. 1.
B
Oceans cover about 71％ of the Earth's surface, and they are home to all kinds of animals and plants. Healthy oceans play a very important role in a healthy planet. 2.
A
Overfishing (过度捕捞) has had a terrible influence on many fish and other animals. Pollution has caused serious damage (破坏) in many areas.In 1982, one UN sea agreement described the "high seas"—the parts of the oceans that aren't controlled by any countries. 3.
C
The high seas cover about 2/3 of the ocean. But now only 1.2％ of these areas are protected. 4. F
It also requires that research should first be done to see what influence humans' activities might have on the ocean environment.During the past 10 years, the talks were held time and time again. 5.
E
For example, there are disagreements about how much to control fishing or pollution. Now the agreement has a long way to go, which must be officially accepted at a UN meeting and be supported by enough countries before it works.根据短文内容，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项是多余的。
A. But the oceans are in trouble.
B. And it's a great achievement in protecting the world's oceans.
C. So all countries have the right to fish and send ships there.
D. The agreement was finally reached after difficult discussions.
E. That is because different countries have their own different ideas.
F. The new agreement sets a goal to turn 30％ of the high seas into protected areas.
答案
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. E
解析
【分析】
这是一篇六选五型任务型阅读，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍联合国《公海条约》的出台背景、相关内容和推进现状，围绕海洋保护的主题展开。接下来逐空定位前后文的逻辑关联：优先关注空缺前后的指代关系、转折/因果/递进类逻辑提示，比如出现also、because、but这类标志词时直接匹配对应选项，再逐一排除不符合逻辑的选项，最后验证剩余选项的通顺度即可得出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空前文刚介绍《公海条约》是40年来首个同类海洋协议，空缺处需要承接上文对该条约做正向评价，B选项“这是保护全球海洋的一项重大成就”衔接自然，符合语境。
2. 第2空前文点明健康海洋对地球的重要意义，后文转而列举过度捕捞、海洋污染等各类海洋问题，A选项“但是海洋正陷入困境”起到转折承上启下的作用，完美引出后文的问题描述。
3. 第3空前文说明1982年的联合国海洋协议将公海定义为不受任何国家管辖的海域，C选项“因此所有国家都有权在那里捕鱼、通航”是该定义直接推导的结果，因果逻辑完全匹配。
4. 第4空后文出现提示词“It also requires”（它还要求），说明空缺处是新协议的第一项相关规定，F选项“新协议设定了将30%的公海划为保护区的目标”中it可以指代新协议，内容和后文的补充要求形成递进关系，符合语境。
5. 第5空前文提到过去十年谈判反复召开，后文举例说明各国在捕捞管控、污染治理程度上存在分歧，E选项“这是因为不同国家有各自不同的想法”直接解释了谈判耗时久的原因，因果逻辑通顺。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. E
【知识点】
语篇逻辑推理、任务型阅读六选五、上下文衔接
【点评】
本题以海洋环境保护为主题，贴合核心素养导向，考点聚焦语篇的逻辑衔接关系，线索清晰明确，既考察学生对阅读类题型的逻辑分析能力，也能让学生了解公海保护的相关常识，多余选项干扰性较低，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇六选五型任务型阅读，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍联合国《公海条约》的出台背景、相关内容和推进现状，围绕海洋保护的主题展开。接下来逐空定位前后文的逻辑关联：优先关注空缺前后的指代关系、转折/因果/递进类逻辑提示，比如出现also、because、but这类标志词时直接匹配对应选项，再逐一排除不符合逻辑的选项，最后验证剩余选项的通顺度即可得出答案。
【解析】
1. 第1空前文刚介绍《公海条约》是40年来首个同类海洋协议，空缺处需要承接上文对该条约做正向评价，B选项“这是保护全球海洋的一项重大成就”衔接自然，符合语境。
2. 第2空前文点明健康海洋对地球的重要意义，后文转而列举过度捕捞、海洋污染等各类海洋问题，A选项“但是海洋正陷入困境”起到转折承上启下的作用，完美引出后文的问题描述。
3. 第3空前文说明1982年的联合国海洋协议将公海定义为不受任何国家管辖的海域，C选项“因此所有国家都有权在那里捕鱼、通航”是该定义直接推导的结果，因果逻辑完全匹配。
4. 第4空后文出现提示词“It also requires”（它还要求），说明空缺处是新协议的第一项相关规定，F选项“新协议设定了将30%的公海划为保护区的目标”中it可以指代新协议，内容和后文的补充要求形成递进关系，符合语境。
5. 第5空前文提到过去十年谈判反复召开，后文举例说明各国在捕捞管控、污染治理程度上存在分歧，E选项“这是因为不同国家有各自不同的想法”直接解释了谈判耗时久的原因，因果逻辑通顺。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. E
【知识点】
语篇逻辑推理、任务型阅读六选五、上下文衔接
【点评】
本题以海洋环境保护为主题，贴合核心素养导向，考点聚焦语篇的逻辑衔接关系，线索清晰明确，既考察学生对阅读类题型的逻辑分析能力，也能让学生了解公海保护的相关常识，多余选项干扰性较低，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
