2026年预学与导学八年级英语下册人教版第29页答案
汉译英。
1. 着火
catch fire / on fire

2. 打开炉灶
turn on the stove

3. 正要做某事
be about to do sth

4. 在炉灶上给油加热
heat the oil on the stove

5. 自己扑倒在地板上
throw oneself to the floor

6. 一场烹饪事故
a cooking accident

7. 把油倒入平底锅
pour oil into a pan

8. 保持自己安全
keep oneself safe

9. 闻到什么东西烧焦
smell something burning

10. 扑灭这场火
put out the fire

答案

1. catch fire / on fire 2. turn on the stove 3. be about to do sth 4. heat the oil on the stove 5. throw oneself to the floor 6. a cooking accident 7. pour oil into a pan 8. keep oneself safe 9. smell something burning 10. put out the fire

解析

【分析】
这道题是情景类汉译英短语题,解题时首先要结合中文语义回忆对应的英语常用固定搭配,优先选用课标要求掌握的通用标准表达:先梳理每个短语的核心动作,比如“着火”核心是表起火的常用表达,“打开炉灶”核心是灶具开启的对应动词短语,同时注意特殊结构的用法,比如“闻到某物烧焦”要用到感官动词后接现在分词表动作正在发生的结构,还要注意名词前冠词的合理使用,逐个核对搭配的正确性即可得出答案。
【解析】
本题考查日常烹饪安全场景下的常用英语固定短语,逐题对应翻译如下:
1. 表“着火”的常用表达有动词短语catch fire,也可使用表状态的短语on fire,二者均符合要求;
2. “打开(电器、灶具)”用固定搭配turn on,“炉灶”对应stove,组合得到turn on the stove;
3. 表“正要做某事”的固定通用搭配为be about to do sth,是常用的将来时相关表达;
4. “加热油”对应heat the oil,“在炉灶上”对应on the stove,组合得到heat the oil on the stove;
5. “扑倒”用固定搭配throw oneself to...,“地板”对应floor,组合得到throw oneself to the floor;
6. 采用名词作定语的结构,cooking修饰accident,组合得到a cooking accident;
7. “把...倒入...”是固定搭配pour...into...,对应名词组合后得到pour oil into a pan;
8. “保持某人安全”是常用固定搭配keep oneself safe;
9. 感官动词smell的常用搭配为smell sth doing表“闻到某物正在做某事”,“烧焦”用burn的现在分词burning,组合得到smell something burning;
10. “扑灭(火)”是固定短语put out,搭配宾语得到put out the fire。
【答案】
1. catch fire / on fire 2. turn on the stove 3. be about to do sth 4. heat the oil on the stove 5. throw oneself to the floor 6. a cooking accident 7. pour oil into a pan 8. keep oneself safe 9. smell something burning 10. put out the fire
【知识点】
固定短语搭配;感官动词用法;场景词汇积累
【点评】
本题围绕烹饪安全的生活化场景设计,全部都是初中英语课标要求掌握的基础短语,既考察学生的短语积累量,也引导学生结合场景记忆搭配,注意区分易混的短语动词(如turn系列、put系列短语),同时掌握感官动词后接现在分词表动作正在进行的用法,规避常见搭配错误。
【难度系数】
0.7
一、根据汉语填写单词,完成句子。
1. Look! The large
flames
(火焰) are jumping into the air.
2. We should remember that
safety
(安全) must come first.
3. He hit a tree carelessly,
luckily
(幸运地) he didn't hurt himself.
4. Thanks to his
aid
(援助), she could solve her money problem.
5. Suddenly, she saw
smoke
(烟) rising from the building.

答案

1. flames 2. safety 3. luckily 4. aid 5. smoke

解析

【分析】
做这类根据汉语提示完成单词的题目,解题思路分三步:第一步先通读整个句子,理解句子大意;第二步分析空格处在句子中充当的成分,判断所需填写单词的词性;第三步结合给出的汉语提示写出对应英文,同时根据句中的语法线索(比如be动词的单复数、修饰关系等)调整单词的正确形式,避免出现形式错误。比如第一题看到句中be动词是are,就能判断主语要填复数名词,不能直接写单数flame。
【解析】
1. 句中be动词为are,说明空格处要填可数名词复数,汉语提示“火焰”对应的英文可数名词是flame,其复数形式为flames,故填flames。
2. 空格处在宾语从句中作主语,需要填入名词,汉语提示“安全”对应的名词形式为safety,为不可数名词,直接使用即可,故填safety。
3. 空格处用于修饰整个后续的句子,需要填入副词作状语,汉语提示“幸运地”对应的副词为luckily,故填luckily。
4. 空格前有形容词性物主代词his,后面需要接名词,汉语提示“援助”对应的名词aid符合语境,为不可数名词,直接使用,故填aid。
5. 汉语提示“烟”此处指烟雾,是不可数名词,对应的英文为smoke,符合see sth. doing的句子结构逻辑,故填smoke。
【答案】
1. flames 2. safety 3. luckily 4. aid 5. smoke
【知识点】
名词单复数,词性转换,英语单词拼写
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础词汇应用题,既考查学生对课标核心词汇的记忆熟练度,也间接考查了基础句法知识,要求学生不能只机械背单词的汉语意思,还要掌握不同词性的用法规则,整体考点比较常规,是词汇学习阶段的典型训练题。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
1. She enjoys
playing
(play) the piano in her free time.
2. After the film, he decided
to help
(help) more people from then on.
3. Eating too much is
harmful
(harm) to our health.
4. The baby
threw
(throw) its food on the floor and laughed loudly
5. When the building was on fire, he is about
to eat
(eat) out with his friend.
6. She learns English by
reading
(read) aloud every morning.

答案

1. playing 2. to help 3. harmful 4. threw 5. to eat 6. reading

解析

【分析】
做这类用所给单词适当形式填空的题目,我们可以按三步思路思考:第一步先通读整个句子,判断空格处需要的词性/语法形式;第二步回忆对应的固定搭配、时态规则、词性转换规则;第三步对给出的单词做正确变形,最后代入句子验证逻辑是否通顺。比如遇到动词放在enjoy、介词by后面,要想到需要变动名词;遇到decide、be about结构后面要接不定式;be动词后需要形容词作表语时要把名词转为形容词;句中出现并列的过去式谓语时,动词也要同步变为过去式。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配,enjoy后接动名词作宾语,构成enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”,因此play变为动名词playing。
2. 考查固定搭配,decide后接不定式作宾语,构成decide to do sth. 意为“决定做某事”,因此填to help。
3. 考查固定搭配和词性转换,be动词后需形容词作表语,固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”,名词harm的形容词形式为harmful,因此填harmful。
4. 考查时态一致,句中and连接两个并列谓语,后文laughed是一般过去时,因此throw也要变为一般过去式threw。
5. 考查固定搭配,be about to do sth. 是固定结构,意为“正要做某事”,因此填to eat。
6. 考查介词的用法,介词by后接动名词作宾语,表“通过某种方式”,因此read变为动名词reading。
【答案】
1. playing 2. to help 3. harmful 4. threw 5. to eat 6. reading
【知识点】
非谓语固定搭配,词性转换,时态一致
【点评】
本题全部是初中英语核心基础考点,覆盖了常考的动词固定搭配、介词用法、时态呼应规则,没有偏难怪题,适合用来巩固基础词形变换的相关知识点,学生只要熟记课本里的高频短语规则就能顺利完成。
【难度系数】
0.8
完形填空。
Keeping healthy through exercise is still a hot topic. Doing exercise in the gym is one of the most
B
1
ways. Months ago, a grandma named Chen Jifang
A
2
a star on TikTok. She had more than 400,000 followers in a few months for her videos of
C
3
.
Chen began to exercise not to kill
B
4
free time. Instead, she just wanted to
D
5
her health. Chen had been in
B
6
health since she was a child. She even had to
C
7
her job because of her poor health. At the end of 2020, Chen went into a gym for the first time
A
8
doctors advised her to do so. They thought that exercise was much
B
9
for her than medicine. At first, Chen wasn't sure about that. But
D
10
, she decided to listen to the doctors. To her joy, her family all agreed with this
C
11
. Then Chen went to the gym every day. At 8:00 a.m., she started
A
12
fifty push-ups and running. After a short
C
13
, she kept exercising for hours. "I
C
14
felt bad and worried in the first few days because most people in the gym were young. Now such
B
15
have gone because everyone is kind. And my health is getting better," she said.
(
B
)1. A. difficult B. popular C. exciting D. relaxing
(
A
)2. A. became B. liked C. met D. enjoyed
(
C
)3. A. cooking B. drawing C. exercising D. writing
(
B
)4. A. our B. her C. your D. his
(
D
)5. A. solve B. control C. watch D. improve
(
B
)6. A. good B. poor C. serious D. excellent
(
C
)7. A. look for B. care about C. give up D. run away
(
A
)8. A. because B. though C. unless D. so
(
B
)9. A. easier B. better C. quicker D. worse
(
D
)10. A. firstly B. probably C. certainly D. finally
(
C
)11. A. dream B. discussion C. decision D. program
(
A
)12. A. with B. by C. through D. for
(
C
)13. A. walk B. talk C. break D. jump
(
C
)14. A. differently B. naturally C. really D. hardly
(
B
)15. A. plans B. feelings C. meanings D. questions

答案

1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.B

解析

【分析】
做完形填空首先要通读全文理清主旨,本文讲述了自幼身体孱弱的陈继芳奶奶听从医生建议坚持健身,不仅改善了健康状态,还在抖音成为收获数十万粉丝的健身网红的故事。解题时第一步先跳过空格通读全文把握故事整体脉络,第二步逐空结合上下文线索提示、词义辨析、固定搭配匹配最贴合语境的选项,最后把选定答案代入全文通读,验证逻辑是否通顺、语义是否连贯,避免脱离上下文仅凭单个句子主观选择。
【解析】
1. 前文提到通过运动保持健康是热门话题,去健身房锻炼是最受欢迎的方式之一,A困难的,B受欢迎的,C令人兴奋的,D令人放松的,B符合语境。
2. 几个月前,名叫陈继芳的奶奶在抖音成为了一名网红,A成为,B喜欢,C遇见,D享受,A符合句意。
3. 她几个月内收获40多万粉丝,是因为和锻炼相关的视频,全文围绕健身主题展开,A烹饪,B画画,C锻炼,D写作,C符合主题。
4. 陈开始锻炼不是为了打发她的空闲时间,主语是女性奶奶,对应形容词性物主代词her,选B。
5. 相反,她只是想要改善自己的健康状况,A解决,B控制,C观看,D改善,D符合语境。
6. 根据后文"because of her poor health"的提示,可知她从小身体就不好,A好的,B差的,C严重的,D极好的,选B。
7. 甚至因为身体太差她不得不放弃自己的工作,A寻找,B关心,C放弃,D逃跑,C符合语境。
8. 2020年底陈第一次走进健身房,是因为医生建议她这么做,表因果关系,A因为,B尽管,C除非,D所以,选A。
9. 医生认为运动对她来说比吃药好得多,A更容易,B更好,C更快,D更差,选B。
10. 一开始陈不确定,但最终她决定听从医生的建议,A首先,B可能,C当然,D最终,选D。
11. 令她开心的是,她的家人都同意这个决定,前文提到她决定听从医生建议,对应decision,A梦想,B讨论,C决定,D项目,选C。
12. 固定搭配start with表示"以……开始",她早上8点开始先做50个俯卧撑再跑步,选A。
13. 短暂休息之后,她继续锻炼好几个小时,after a short break是常用表达表示短暂休息后,A走路,B谈话,C休息,D跳跃,选C。
14. 最开始的几天我真的感觉很不好很担心,因为健身房里大部分都是年轻人,A不同地,B自然地,C真正地,D几乎不,选C。
15. 现在这样的感受都消失了,因为所有人都很友善,A计划,B感受,C意义,D问题,选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.B
【知识点】
记叙文语境辨析 核心词汇词义辨析 固定短语搭配
【点评】
本篇是贴近生活热点的记叙文类完形填空,所有考点均为中小学阶段核心词汇,大部分空都可以通过上下文的明确提示选出答案,少量空考察常见固定搭配,整体难度适中,能够锻炼学生结合上下文逻辑推理的解题能力,提醒学生做完形切忌脱离全文语境孤立判断单个句子的选项。
【难度系数】
0.7