2026年新编基础训练八年级英语上册人教版第37页答案
一、根据提示写单词
1. When he was eight, he e
expected
(期待) to be a basketball player.
2. Zhaozhou Bridge has a history of over 1,400 years. It's 64.4 m
metres
(米) long.
3. The p
prince's
(王子的) dream of a united kingdom made him work day and night.
4. As a doctor, you must be careful. Carelessness can cause serious a
accidents
(事故).
5. How many c
characters
(人物) are there in this story?
6. An experienced fisherman advised us not to travel in such a bad s
situation
(情况).

答案

1.expected 2.metres 3.prince's 4.accidents
5.characters 6.situation

解析

【分析】
这类题需结合首字母提示、中文释义,再根据句子的时态、语法规则(如名词单复数、所有格、动词时态)确定正确单词形式。解题时先明确每个空的含义,匹配对应单词后,调整为符合语法的形式即可。
【解析】
1. 句意:他八岁时期期待成为篮球运动员。由时间状语“was eight”可知用一般过去时,“期待”的英文是expect,过去式为expected,故填expected。
2. 句意:赵州桥长64.4米。“米”的英文是metre,数词64.4大于1,需用复数形式metres,故填metres。
3. 句意:王子的统一王国的梦想让他日夜工作。表示“王子的”需用名词所有格,prince的所有格为prince's,故填prince's。
4. 句意:粗心会导致严重事故。“事故”的英文是accident,此处表泛指,用复数形式accidents,故填accidents。
5. 句意:这个故事里有多少人物?how many后接可数名词复数,“人物”的英文是character,复数为characters,故填characters。
6. 句意:有经验的渔夫建议我们不要在这样糟糕的情况出行。“情况”的英文是situation,符合语境,故填situation。
【答案】
1.expected 2.metres 3.prince's 4.accidents 5.characters 6.situation
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、名词单复数、一般过去时
【点评】
本题为基础词汇填空题,考查核心词汇的拼写及语法变形(时态、名词形式),注重基础词汇的灵活运用,难度较低,适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
二、根据提示写短语,每空一词
7. Seeing him in trouble, I got out of my car and decided to
lend
him
a
hand
(给他帮助).
8. Life is hard sometimes, but there is always a
silver
lining
(一线光明).
9. As a teacher, Mrs Li
cares
about
(在意) all her students, so they like her very much.
10. We
searched
for
(搜寻) seashells on the beach and exchanged them with our friends.
11. I like the saying “A true friend
reaches
for
(伸手触碰) your hand and touches your heart.”

答案

7.lend him a hand 8.silver lining 9.cares about
10.searched for 11.reaches for

解析

【分析】
本题为根据语境填写英语固定短语的题目,需结合句子语境、语法规则(如动词时态、主谓一致)及短语搭配解答。具体思路:7题需表达“给他帮助”,对应固定短语lend sb a hand,decide to后接动词原形;8题“一线光明”为固定搭配silver lining;9题“在意”对应care about,主语为第三人称单数需用一般现在时;10题由并列动词exchanged(过去式)可知,“搜寻”需用过去式;11题“伸手触碰”对应reach for,主语为第三人称单数需用一般现在时。
【解析】
7. 结合语境“给他帮助”,固定短语为lend him a hand,decide to后接动词原形,故填lend him a hand;
8. “一线光明”的固定英语表达为silver lining,符合语境;
9. “在意”对应短语care about,主语Mrs Li是第三人称单数,句子为一般现在时,故填cares about;
10. 由并列动作exchanged(过去式)可知,“搜寻”需用过去式,短语search for的过去式为searched for;
11. “伸手触碰”对应短语reach for,主语a true friend是第三人称单数,句子为一般现在时,故填reaches for。
【答案】7.lend him a hand 8.silver lining 9.cares about 10.searched for 11.reaches for
【知识点】固定短语搭配,动词时态,短语运用
【点评】本题考查英语常用短语的识记与语法运用,需掌握基础短语及时态规则,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.7
(
B
)12. Team One has many good players, so I
B
them to win.

A.remember
B.expect
C.give
D.forget

答案

12.B

解析

【分析】首先理解句子语境:“一队有很多优秀球员,所以我______他们赢”,需要选择符合“期待某人做某事”含义的动词,再辨析各选项动词的词义和用法,结合固定搭配选出正确答案。
【解析】先翻译句子:“一队有很多优秀球员,所以我______他们赢”。逐一分析选项:A.remember意为“记得”,代入后语义不通;B.expect意为“期待”,固定搭配expect sb to do sth表示“期待某人做某事”,符合语境;C.give意为“给”,常用结构为give sb sth,代入后语义和结构均不符合;D.forget意为“忘记”,代入后语义不通。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】本题考查初中英语常见动词的词义及固定搭配,属于基础题型,需掌握常见动词的含义和常用搭配。
【难度系数】0.6
(
B
)13.—What made you cry when you watched that movie?
—The warm story about family
B
my heart.

A.attended
B.touched
C.pretended
D.broke

答案

13.B

解析

【分析】
本题考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。首先翻译对话:问句询问看电影时什么让你哭,答句说明是关于家庭的温暖故事对“我的心”做了什么。需先明确四个选项动词的含义,再结合“温暖故事”的语境判断合适的表达。
【解析】
对话翻译:——你看那部电影时什么让你哭了?——关于家庭的温暖故事感动了我的心。
选项分析:A. attended(参加、出席),不符合语境;B. touched(感动),touch one's heart是固定搭配,意为“感动某人”,符合“温暖故事”带来的情感效果;C. pretended(假装),语义不通;D. broke(打破),与“温暖故事”的情感基调矛盾。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】
本题为基础词义辨析题,考查常见动词的含义及常用搭配,结合语境即可选出正确答案,是初中英语的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.3
(
C
)14.—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in xiangsheng and xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that's because
C
can give people a big laugh.

A.all
B.every
C.both
D.either

答案

14.C

解析

【分析】首先明确对话中提到的事物是“相声和小品”,共两个对象,需结合不定代词的指代数量、语法功能逐一分析选项,排除不符合要求的选项后确定答案。
【解析】第一步,确定指代对象:对话中提及的“相声(xiangsheng)和小品(xiaopin)”是两个事物。第二步,分析各选项:A选项all用于三者及以上,不符合;B选项every是形容词,不能单独作主语,需后接名词,排除;C选项both表示“两者都”,可单独作主语,契合“两者都能让人发笑”的语义;D选项either表示“两者中的任何一个”,不符合语境。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】不定代词
【点评】本题考查基础不定代词的用法,核心是区分不同不定代词的指代范围和语法功能,属于易得分的基础题。
【难度系数】0.7
(
D
)15.—Do you know Wang Yaping?
—Sure. She is called the mother who
D
the stars.

A.gave out
B.put away
C.looked after
D.reached for

答案

15.D

解析

【分析】
本题为动词短语辨析题,解题思路如下:首先理解对话语境,明确王亚平作为宇航员的身份,句子表达她被称为“伸手触及星星的妈妈”;其次逐一分析四个选项的动词短语含义,匹配符合语境的选项。
【解析】
先辨析各选项短语含义:A. gave out意为“分发;发出”;B. put away意为“把……收起;放好”;C. looked after意为“照顾;照料”;D. reached for意为“伸手去够;争取”。结合王亚平作为宇航员探索太空的身份,“reached for the stars”符合语境,因此选D。
【答案】
15.D
【知识点】
动词短语辨析;语境运用
【点评】
本题结合热点人物王亚平,考查常用动词短语的含义,需结合语境分析,侧重基础短语的掌握,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
(
A
)16.—How did you find this great bookstore?
—I found it
A
when I was walking home from school last Friday.

A.by accident
B.on duty
C.in time
D.at first

答案

16.A

解析

【分析】先理解问句含义:“你是怎么找到这家很棒的书店的?”,需结合语境选择表示“偶然”的短语。逐一分析选项含义:A.by accident(偶然);B.on duty(值班);C.in time(及时);D.at first(起初),再匹配答句“放学回家路上发现书店”的语境,确定正确选项。
【解析】本题考查介词短语辨析。问句询问找到书店的方式,答句需说明发现书店的途径。A项by accident表示“偶然,意外地”,符合“放学途中偶然发现书店”的语境;B项on duty意为“值班、值日”,C项in time意为“及时”,D项at first意为“起初”,均不符合语境,因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】介词短语辨析;语境运用
【点评】本题考查常用介词短语在日常对话语境中的运用,难度较低,需准确掌握各短语含义并结合语境判断。
【难度系数】0.7
四、完形填空
Patrick and Grant are best friends. But one day, the two boys
A
17
talking to each other. Why? When they
C
18
their homework that day, Grant wanted to copy Patrick's, so he could spend more time playing basketball.
"No way! I can't
B
19
you like that," said Patrick.
"What a friend!" Grant said
D
20
. "You don't want to help me at all."
"I won't lend you my
B
21
. Friends don't help each other like that," said Patrick.
Over a week, they didn't talk to each other. In fact, they both felt
A
22
.
When Patrick's parents found out why, they asked him to think about how to help his best friend.
C
23
Grant knew that it was his fault (过错) for starting this argument (争吵).
Four days later, there was a school basketball game. They both went to
D
24
it. At the end of the game, the two old friends looked at each other. Grant came over and said
B
25
to Patrick. That day, the two boys made a
C
26
. First, they would work on their homework after school, and then they would play basketball together.
(
A
)17. A. stopped B. enjoyed C. forgot D. began
(
C
)18. A. looked for B. decided on C. talked about D. learned from
(
B
)19. A. tell B. help C. touch D. hit
(
D
)20. A. happily B. quietly C. carefully D. angrily
(
B
)21. A. basketball B. homework C. book D. ticket
(
A
)22. A. bad B. good C. relaxed D. fun
(
C
)23. A. When B. But C. And D. So
(
D
)24. A. show B. ask C. pay D. watch
(
B
)25. A. yes B. sorry C. it D. please
(
C
)26. A. trip B. report C. plan D. result

答案

17-21: ACBDB 22-26: ACDBC

解析

【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨(本文讲述朋友间因抄作业产生矛盾后和解的故事),再逐题结合上下文语境、词汇含义、固定搭配分析选项:17题由后文“一周不说话”可知是停止交谈;18题对应“谈论作业”的场景;19题是拒绝帮抄作业;20题是被拒绝后的情绪;21题对应前文的“作业”;22题是吵架后的感受;23题是双方都知道错的并列逻辑;24题是观看比赛;25题是道歉;26题是制定计划。
【解析】
17题:根据后文“Over a week, they didn't talk to each other.”可知两人停止交谈,stop doing sth为固定搭配,选A。
18题:此处指“谈论作业”,talk about符合语境,选C。
19题:Patrick拒绝帮Grant抄作业,help sb (to) do sth表“帮助某人做某事”,选B。
20题:Grant被拒绝后情绪愤怒,angrily符合语境,选D。
21题:前文提到Grant想抄Patrick的作业,此处对应homework,选B。
22题:吵架后两人都感觉糟糕,bad符合语境,选A。
23题:前后句为并列关系,双方都知道有错,用and连接,选C。
24题:观看篮球比赛用watch,选D。
25题:吵架后和解,Grant向Patrick道歉,say sorry to sb为固定搭配,选B。
26题:后文“先做作业再打球”是制定计划,make a plan为固定搭配,选C。
【答案】
17-21: ACBDB 22-26: ACDBC
【知识点】
完形填空;词汇辨析;语境理解
【点评】
本文围绕朋友间的矛盾与和解展开,考查学生对上下文语境的把握、常用词汇及短语的运用,是典型的记叙文类完形填空,需结合逻辑关系和情感态度解题。
【难度系数】
0.6