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一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. Edison is one of the greatest
2. If you want to make progress, keep
3. He tried his best but failed
4. After three months' hard work, I
5. I looked for my watch everywhere and
1. Edison is one of the greatest
inventors
(invent) in the world.2. If you want to make progress, keep
reading
(read) English every morning.3. He tried his best but failed
to solve
(solve) the difficult physics problem.4. After three months' hard work, I
finally
(final) passed the English exam.5. I looked for my watch everywhere and
found
(find) it under my bed at last.答案
1. inventors 2. reading 3. to solve 4. finally
5. found
5. found
解析
【分析】本题为用所给词的适当形式填空题，主要考查英语词类转换、固定搭配及时态的运用。解题时需先分析每个空缺处所需词性，再结合固定结构、时态规则确定所给词的正确形式：1. 需判断one of后的名词复数形式；2. 考查keep的固定搭配；3. 考查fail的固定搭配；4. 需判断修饰动词的副词形式；5. 需结合并列动词的时态确定过去式形式。
【解析】1. 句意：爱迪生是世界上最伟大的发明家之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，invent的名词形式为inventor，复数为inventors，故填inventors。2. 句意：如果你想进步，坚持每天早上读英语。keep doing sth是固定搭配，意为“坚持做某事”，故填read的动名词形式reading。3. 句意：他尽了最大努力但没能解决这道难的物理题。fail to do sth是固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，故填solve的不定式形式to solve。4. 句意：经过三个月的努力，我终于通过了英语考试。此处修饰动词passed，需用副词，final的副词形式为finally，故填finally。5. 句意：我到处找我的手表，最后在床底下找到了它。由前面的looked（过去式）可知，句子为一般过去时，并列谓语动词需用过去式，find的过去式为found，故填found。
【答案】1. inventors 2. reading 3. to solve 4. finally 5. found
【知识点】名词复数、非谓语动词、副词用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词形转换及固定搭配，题型常见，难度较低，适合巩固核心基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 句意：爱迪生是世界上最伟大的发明家之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，invent的名词形式为inventor，复数为inventors，故填inventors。2. 句意：如果你想进步，坚持每天早上读英语。keep doing sth是固定搭配，意为“坚持做某事”，故填read的动名词形式reading。3. 句意：他尽了最大努力但没能解决这道难的物理题。fail to do sth是固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，故填solve的不定式形式to solve。4. 句意：经过三个月的努力，我终于通过了英语考试。此处修饰动词passed，需用副词，final的副词形式为finally，故填finally。5. 句意：我到处找我的手表，最后在床底下找到了它。由前面的looked（过去式）可知，句子为一般过去时，并列谓语动词需用过去式，find的过去式为found，故填found。
【答案】1. inventors 2. reading 3. to solve 4. finally 5. found
【知识点】名词复数、非谓语动词、副词用法
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词形转换及固定搭配，题型常见，难度较低，适合巩固核心基础知识点。
【难度系数】0.7
二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
6.我买了一种胶水用来修补坏掉的小船模型。
I bought
7.这位科学家试图发明更环保的新型日常材料。
The scientist
8.她坚持练习，最后顺利通过了英语口语测试。
She kept practicing and passed the oral English test
9.这台机器运转了成千上万次都没有故障。
The machine has run
6.我买了一种胶水用来修补坏掉的小船模型。
I bought
a
kind
of
glue
to fix my broken model boat.7.这位科学家试图发明更环保的新型日常材料。
The scientist
tried
to
invent
greener new daily materials.8.她坚持练习，最后顺利通过了英语口语测试。
She kept practicing and passed the oral English test
in
the
end
.9.这台机器运转了成千上万次都没有故障。
The machine has run
thousands
of
times
without breaking down.答案
6. a kind of glue 7. tried to invent
8. in the end 9. thousands of times
8. in the end 9. thousands of times
解析
【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思完成句子，需匹配对应的英文固定短语，注意动词时态和短语的正确形式。第6题“一种胶水”对应固定短语a kind of glue；第7题“试图发明”需用try to do结构，结合过去时态用tried to invent；第8题“最后”对应固定短语in the end；第9题“成千上万次”对应固定短语thousands of times，均符合每空一词的要求。
【解析】
6. “一种”用固定短语a kind of，“胶水”为glue，故填a kind of glue；
7. “试图做某事”是固定结构try to do sth，“发明”是invent，句子描述过去的动作，try需变为过去式tried，故填tried to invent；
8. 表示“最后”的固定短语为in the end；
9. “成千上万”是固定短语thousands of，“次数”是times，故填thousands of times。
【答案】
6. a kind of glue 7. tried to invent 8. in the end 9. thousands of times
【知识点】
固定短语、动词短语
【点评】
本题考查英语常用固定搭配的运用，属于基础题型，需学生积累常见短语并注意动词时态的变化。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为根据汉语意思完成句子，需匹配对应的英文固定短语，注意动词时态和短语的正确形式。第6题“一种胶水”对应固定短语a kind of glue；第7题“试图发明”需用try to do结构，结合过去时态用tried to invent；第8题“最后”对应固定短语in the end；第9题“成千上万次”对应固定短语thousands of times，均符合每空一词的要求。
【解析】
6. “一种”用固定短语a kind of，“胶水”为glue，故填a kind of glue；
7. “试图做某事”是固定结构try to do sth，“发明”是invent，句子描述过去的动作，try需变为过去式tried，故填tried to invent；
8. 表示“最后”的固定短语为in the end；
9. “成千上万”是固定短语thousands of，“次数”是times，故填thousands of times。
【答案】
6. a kind of glue 7. tried to invent 8. in the end 9. thousands of times
【知识点】
固定短语、动词短语
【点评】
本题考查英语常用固定搭配的运用，属于基础题型，需学生积累常见短语并注意动词时态的变化。
【难度系数】
0.8
三、任务型阅读
Rebecca Young, at the age of 13, designed a solar-powered blanket（太阳能毯）and won first prize among 70, 000 students in the UK Primary Engineer competition.
Where did you get the idea?
When I would go outside in the winter months, I always saw homeless people with very little to
stay warm. It always made me so sad. I wanted to come up with something that could help them.
How does your invention work?
My solar-powered blanket takes sunlight during the day and stores it into a battery（电池）. At night, the blanket uses the energy it saved. It turns off when it gets warm enough so it won’t get too hot.
How did you bring your idea to life?
I did research on other sleeping bags and backpacks and then created a drawing for the competition. After I won, the engineers actually built a real model of my idea. It uses copper wires（铜线）to make the blankets warm, and solar panels（太阳能板）to collect energy from the sun. I made something that might one day help a person on the street. That thought is amazing to me.
Why do you love science?
Science is great because it makes us curious and teaches us how to ask, try, and fix things. I want kids to know: if they can dream it, they can make it real. Nothing is impossible!
10. When will the solar-powered blanket turn itself off?（不超过5个词）
11. Why does Rebecca love science?（不超过15个词）
12. What can you learn from Rebecca’s story?（不超过15个词）
Rebecca Young, at the age of 13, designed a solar-powered blanket（太阳能毯）and won first prize among 70, 000 students in the UK Primary Engineer competition.
Where did you get the idea?
When I would go outside in the winter months, I always saw homeless people with very little to
stay warm. It always made me so sad. I wanted to come up with something that could help them.
How does your invention work?
My solar-powered blanket takes sunlight during the day and stores it into a battery（电池）. At night, the blanket uses the energy it saved. It turns off when it gets warm enough so it won’t get too hot.
How did you bring your idea to life?
I did research on other sleeping bags and backpacks and then created a drawing for the competition. After I won, the engineers actually built a real model of my idea. It uses copper wires（铜线）to make the blankets warm, and solar panels（太阳能板）to collect energy from the sun. I made something that might one day help a person on the street. That thought is amazing to me.
Why do you love science?
Science is great because it makes us curious and teaches us how to ask, try, and fix things. I want kids to know: if they can dream it, they can make it real. Nothing is impossible!
10. When will the solar-powered blanket turn itself off?（不超过5个词）
When it gets warm enough.
11. Why does Rebecca love science?（不超过15个词）
Because it makes her curious and teaches her how to ask,
try, and fix things.
12. What can you learn from Rebecca’s story?（不超过15个词）
If we can dream it, we can make it real.
（言之有理即可）
答案
10. When it gets warm enough.
11. Because it makes her curious and teaches her how to ask, try, and fix things.
12. If we can dream it, we can make it real.（言之有理即可）
11. Because it makes her curious and teaches her how to ask, try, and fix things.
12. If we can dream it, we can make it real.（言之有理即可）
解析
【分析】
解题思路：针对每个问题，先确定关键词，在原文中定位对应段落；提取原文中与问题匹配的关键语句，严格遵守题目要求的字数限制；核对答案与原文内容的一致性，确保准确。
【解析】
10. 问题关键词为“turn itself off”，定位到原文“How does your invention work?”段落，找到对应语句“It turns off when it gets warm enough so it won’t get too hot.”，提取符合字数要求的答案。
11. 问题关键词为“love science”，定位到原文最后一段，找到对应原因语句，提取符合字数要求的答案。
12. 问题要求从故事中提炼感悟，定位到原文最后一段核心观点，提取符合字数要求的答案。
【答案】
10. When it gets warm enough.
11. Because it makes her curious and teaches her how to ask, try, and fix things.
12. If we can dream it, we can make it real.
【知识点】
任务型阅读（信息定位），细节理解
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读基础题型，考查学生快速定位原文信息并提炼关键内容的能力，需严格遵守字数限制，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
解题思路：针对每个问题，先确定关键词，在原文中定位对应段落；提取原文中与问题匹配的关键语句，严格遵守题目要求的字数限制；核对答案与原文内容的一致性，确保准确。
【解析】
10. 问题关键词为“turn itself off”，定位到原文“How does your invention work?”段落，找到对应语句“It turns off when it gets warm enough so it won’t get too hot.”，提取符合字数要求的答案。
11. 问题关键词为“love science”，定位到原文最后一段，找到对应原因语句，提取符合字数要求的答案。
12. 问题要求从故事中提炼感悟，定位到原文最后一段核心观点，提取符合字数要求的答案。
【答案】
10. When it gets warm enough.
11. Because it makes her curious and teaches her how to ask, try, and fix things.
12. If we can dream it, we can make it real.
【知识点】
任务型阅读（信息定位），细节理解
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读基础题型，考查学生快速定位原文信息并提炼关键内容的能力，需严格遵守字数限制，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
