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一、从方框内选择合适的单词，并用其正确形式填空
packet, opposite, cheese, reduction, smell
1. The bank is
2. I bought a
3. The
4. This
5. We need to
packet, opposite, cheese, reduction, smell
1. The bank is
opposite
the post office.2. I bought a
packet
of biscuits.3. The
smelly
food attracted many ants.4. This
cheese
is made from goat's milk.5. We need to
reduce
our expenses.答案
一、1. opposite 2. packet 3. smelly
4. cheese 5. reduce
4. cheese 5. reduce
解析
【分析】首先明确方框内单词的词义与词性：packet（名词，小包）、opposite（介词/形容词，在…对面；相反的）、cheese（名词，奶酪）、reduction（名词，减少）、smell（动词/名词，闻；气味）。接着逐句分析语境确定所需词性：1句描述银行与邮局的位置关系，需介词；2句是固定量词搭配；3句需形容词修饰名词；4句对应制作原料的名词；5句需动词搭配费用类名词。
【解析】1. 句意为“银行在邮局的对面”，表位置关系用介词opposite，故填opposite；2. “a packet of”是固定短语，意为“一包”，修饰biscuits，故填packet；3. 此处需形容词修饰名词food，smell的形容词形式smelly（发臭的）符合语境，故填smelly；4. 句意为“这种奶酪由山羊奶制成”，对应名词cheese，故填cheese；5. need to后接动词原形，reduce expenses意为“减少开支”，故填reduce。
【答案】1. opposite 2. packet 3. smelly 4. cheese 5. reduce
【知识点】词性转换、固定搭配、名词与动词用法
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的词义理解及词性转换，结合语境分析所需词性即可完成填空，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
【解析】1. 句意为“银行在邮局的对面”，表位置关系用介词opposite，故填opposite；2. “a packet of”是固定短语，意为“一包”，修饰biscuits，故填packet；3. 此处需形容词修饰名词food，smell的形容词形式smelly（发臭的）符合语境，故填smelly；4. 句意为“这种奶酪由山羊奶制成”，对应名词cheese，故填cheese；5. need to后接动词原形，reduce expenses意为“减少开支”，故填reduce。
【答案】1. opposite 2. packet 3. smelly 4. cheese 5. reduce
【知识点】词性转换、固定搭配、名词与动词用法
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的词义理解及词性转换，结合语境分析所需词性即可完成填空，属于基础题型，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
二、阅读下面短文,按要求完成练习
Singapore is a small island country and it's famous for its strict rules. Visitors are often surprised to see many signs. They tell visitors what they mustn't do. But these rules also mean that Singapore is a very clean and safe place. Here are some of Singapore's most famous rules.
Don't litter
Singapore tries hard to keep the country clean. Everyone must throw litter in a bin, not on the ground. If someone litters, they might have to pay a fine.
Don't take durians (榴莲) on public transportation
Another interesting rule in Singapore is about a fruit called durian. Durians have a very strong smell, and many people don't like them. Also, the smell can stay for a long time even when the durian is gone. Because of this, people must not take durians on buses or trains.
Don't chew gum(嚼口香糖)
In Singapore, people can't buy or sell chewing gum. This is because chewing gum is very sticky(黏的) when people throw it on the ground. To stop this problem, Singapore made a new law that said people mustn't chew gum in 1992.
Cross the road safely
If you visit Singapore, be careful where you cross the road. Look for a pedestrian crossing—a safe place to cross. If you cross the road in any other place, you will get a 50 fine.
All in all, Singapore's rules make it a clean and safe place.
1. 请用“_________”在短文中画出含有动词不定式的句子。
2. What's the main reason that people mustn't take durians on public transport?
_________
3. When did Singapore make a law against chewing gum?
_________
4. What should you do if you want to cross the road in Singapore?
_________
5. Are strict rules good for a country? Why?
_________
6. Please write 2—3 sentences to continue the passage.
_________
Singapore is a small island country and it's famous for its strict rules. Visitors are often surprised to see many signs. They tell visitors what they mustn't do. But these rules also mean that Singapore is a very clean and safe place. Here are some of Singapore's most famous rules.
Don't litter
Singapore tries hard to keep the country clean. Everyone must throw litter in a bin, not on the ground. If someone litters, they might have to pay a fine.
Don't take durians (榴莲) on public transportation
Another interesting rule in Singapore is about a fruit called durian. Durians have a very strong smell, and many people don't like them. Also, the smell can stay for a long time even when the durian is gone. Because of this, people must not take durians on buses or trains.
Don't chew gum(嚼口香糖)
In Singapore, people can't buy or sell chewing gum. This is because chewing gum is very sticky(黏的) when people throw it on the ground. To stop this problem, Singapore made a new law that said people mustn't chew gum in 1992.
Cross the road safely
If you visit Singapore, be careful where you cross the road. Look for a pedestrian crossing—a safe place to cross. If you cross the road in any other place, you will get a 50 fine.
All in all, Singapore's rules make it a clean and safe place.
1. 请用“_________”在短文中画出含有动词不定式的句子。
2. What's the main reason that people mustn't take durians on public transport?
_________
3. When did Singapore make a law against chewing gum?
_________
4. What should you do if you want to cross the road in Singapore?
_________
5. Are strict rules good for a country? Why?
_________
6. Please write 2—3 sentences to continue the passage.
_________
答案
1. Visitors are often surprised to see many signs. Singapore tries hard to keep the country clean. If someone litters, they might have to pay a fine. To stop this problem, Singapore decided to make a new law... Look for a pedestrian crossing—a safe place to cross.
2. Because of their strong and long-lasting smell.
3. In 1992.
4. Look for a pedestrian crossing.
5. Yes, they are. Because they make the country a clean and safe place and a better place for everyone.
6. When everyone follows the rules, it makes the country a better place for everyone. Maybe Singapore is a good example for other places around the world.
2. Because of their strong and long-lasting smell.
3. In 1992.
4. Look for a pedestrian crossing.
5. Yes, they are. Because they make the country a clean and safe place and a better place for everyone.
6. When everyone follows the rules, it makes the country a better place for everyone. Maybe Singapore is a good example for other places around the world.
解析
【分析】
本题是英语阅读理解综合练习题，需分题型解题：1. 识别含动词不定式的句子，需回忆动词不定式结构为“to+动词原形”，据此在短文中定位对应句子；2-4题为细节理解题，需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，查找直接信息；5题为观点表达题，需结合原文主旨作答；6题为语篇续写题，需围绕原文主题（新加坡规则的好处）展开，符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 动词不定式核心结构为“to+动词原形”，在短文中查找含该结构的句子，对应参考答案中的指定句子；
2. 定位“Don't take durians on public transportation”段落，原文明确说明榴莲有浓烈气味且气味能长时间留存，因此禁止携带；
3. 定位“Don't chew gum”段落，原文直接提到新加坡在1992年制定禁止嚼口香糖的法律；
4. 定位“Cross the road safely”段落，原文指出过马路需寻找人行横道；
5. 结合原文最后一段“Singapore's rules make it a clean and safe place”，可知严格规则对国家有益；
6. 续写需围绕新加坡规则的积极影响，符合语篇逻辑，如参考答案内容。
【答案】
1. Visitors are often surprised to see many signs. Singapore tries hard to keep the country clean. If someone litters, they might have to pay a fine. To stop this problem, Singapore decided to make a new law... Look for a pedestrian crossing—a safe place to cross.
2. Because of their strong and long-lasting smell.
3. In 1992.
4. Look for a pedestrian crossing.
5. Yes, they are. Because they make the country a clean and safe place and a better place for everyone.
6. When everyone follows the rules, it makes the country a better place for everyone. Maybe Singapore is a good example for other places around the world.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、动词不定式、语篇理解
【点评】
本题以新加坡的规则为主题，涵盖多种英语阅读题型，既考查学生的细节查找能力，也考查观点表达和语篇续写能力，贴近生活实际，有助于学生理解规则的重要性。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题是英语阅读理解综合练习题，需分题型解题：1. 识别含动词不定式的句子，需回忆动词不定式结构为“to+动词原形”，据此在短文中定位对应句子；2-4题为细节理解题，需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，查找直接信息；5题为观点表达题，需结合原文主旨作答；6题为语篇续写题，需围绕原文主题（新加坡规则的好处）展开，符合逻辑。
【解析】
1. 动词不定式核心结构为“to+动词原形”，在短文中查找含该结构的句子，对应参考答案中的指定句子；
2. 定位“Don't take durians on public transportation”段落，原文明确说明榴莲有浓烈气味且气味能长时间留存，因此禁止携带；
3. 定位“Don't chew gum”段落，原文直接提到新加坡在1992年制定禁止嚼口香糖的法律；
4. 定位“Cross the road safely”段落，原文指出过马路需寻找人行横道；
5. 结合原文最后一段“Singapore's rules make it a clean and safe place”，可知严格规则对国家有益；
6. 续写需围绕新加坡规则的积极影响，符合语篇逻辑，如参考答案内容。
【答案】
1. Visitors are often surprised to see many signs. Singapore tries hard to keep the country clean. If someone litters, they might have to pay a fine. To stop this problem, Singapore decided to make a new law... Look for a pedestrian crossing—a safe place to cross.
2. Because of their strong and long-lasting smell.
3. In 1992.
4. Look for a pedestrian crossing.
5. Yes, they are. Because they make the country a clean and safe place and a better place for everyone.
6. When everyone follows the rules, it makes the country a better place for everyone. Maybe Singapore is a good example for other places around the world.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、动词不定式、语篇理解
【点评】
本题以新加坡的规则为主题，涵盖多种英语阅读题型，既考查学生的细节查找能力，也考查观点表达和语篇续写能力，贴近生活实际，有助于学生理解规则的重要性。
【难度系数】
0.7
