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Lu Xun was one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. He not only wrote stories, but also wrote articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.
Lu Xun was born in 1881. In 1893, his grandfather was put into prison(监狱) for taking money. His father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family went through hard times and was looked down on by some relatives. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing. In 1902, he went to study in Japan. He showed a talent for writing and translating. He returned to China in 1909 for family reasons and found new chances. After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun started his literary career(文学事业) in 1918 with the famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese short story published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q(1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.
Lu Xun still worried greatly about China's future. In 1927, he moved to Shanghai and focused less on stories. He then mainly wrote articles which called on people to fight for a better society. For this, the government stopped him from publishing books to some degree.
He died in 1936. Lu Xun's importance and influence have grown. Today some of his works are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions of people around the world.
(
A. The people he met in Japan.
B. The experiences in his early life.
C. Working as a teacher in Beijing.
D. His teacher and friends.
(
A. It was based on Lu Xun's diary.
B. It was the first short story using everyday language.
C. Its story took place in modern times.
D. It showed that Lu Xun was worried about China.
(
A. The everyday language.
B. The True Story of Ah Q.
C. The first Chinese novel.
D. The success of Diary of a Madman.
(
(P=Paragraph)
D
Lu Xun was born in 1881. In 1893, his grandfather was put into prison(监狱) for taking money. His father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family went through hard times and was looked down on by some relatives. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing. In 1902, he went to study in Japan. He showed a talent for writing and translating. He returned to China in 1909 for family reasons and found new chances. After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun started his literary career(文学事业) in 1918 with the famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese short story published using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q(1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.
Lu Xun still worried greatly about China's future. In 1927, he moved to Shanghai and focused less on stories. He then mainly wrote articles which called on people to fight for a better society. For this, the government stopped him from publishing books to some degree.
He died in 1936. Lu Xun's importance and influence have grown. Today some of his works are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions of people around the world.
(
B
)46. Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun's writing according to the passage?A. The people he met in Japan.
B. The experiences in his early life.
C. Working as a teacher in Beijing.
D. His teacher and friends.
(
B
)47. Why was Diary of a Madman so popular according to the passage?A. It was based on Lu Xun's diary.
B. It was the first short story using everyday language.
C. Its story took place in modern times.
D. It showed that Lu Xun was worried about China.
(
D
)48. What does "This" refer to in Paragraph 2?A. The everyday language.
B. The True Story of Ah Q.
C. The first Chinese novel.
D. The success of Diary of a Madman.
(
B
)49. (新考法·语篇结构)Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?(P=Paragraph)
D
答案
46. B 47. B 48. D 49. B
解析
【分析】
解答语篇结构题，需先梳理各段落的核心内容，再分析段落间的逻辑关系，匹配对应的结构示意图。首先通读全文划分段落大意：P1总述鲁迅是20世纪中国伟大作家；P2介绍鲁迅早年经历对写作的影响及文学起步；P3讲述鲁迅到上海后的写作方向；P4说明鲁迅的去世及后世影响。再分析段落逻辑：P1为总起段，引出鲁迅；P2和P3分别介绍鲁迅不同阶段的写作经历；P4总结鲁迅的影响，由P2、P3共同指向P4，据此匹配选项。
【解析】
49题考查语篇结构分析，步骤如下：
1. 梳理段落大意：P1总起介绍鲁迅的地位；P2讲鲁迅早年经历与文学起步；P3讲鲁迅到上海后的写作方向；P4讲鲁迅的去世及后世影响。
2. 分析逻辑关系：P1引出话题，P2、P3分别对应鲁迅不同阶段的写作经历，P4总结影响，由P2、P3共同指向P4。
3. 匹配选项：A项是P1直接指向三个段落，不符合；B项是P1指向P2、P3，再由P2、P3指向P4，符合逻辑；C项是P1指向P2，P2指向P3、P4，不符合；D项是三个段落都指向P4，不符合。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
语篇结构分析、阅读理解
【点评】
本题考查语篇结构，需梳理段落大意并分析段落间的逻辑关系，是阅读理解中常见的语篇分析类题目，需具备基础的文本梳理能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
解答语篇结构题，需先梳理各段落的核心内容，再分析段落间的逻辑关系，匹配对应的结构示意图。首先通读全文划分段落大意：P1总述鲁迅是20世纪中国伟大作家；P2介绍鲁迅早年经历对写作的影响及文学起步；P3讲述鲁迅到上海后的写作方向；P4说明鲁迅的去世及后世影响。再分析段落逻辑：P1为总起段，引出鲁迅；P2和P3分别介绍鲁迅不同阶段的写作经历；P4总结鲁迅的影响，由P2、P3共同指向P4，据此匹配选项。
【解析】
49题考查语篇结构分析，步骤如下：
1. 梳理段落大意：P1总起介绍鲁迅的地位；P2讲鲁迅早年经历与文学起步；P3讲鲁迅到上海后的写作方向；P4讲鲁迅的去世及后世影响。
2. 分析逻辑关系：P1引出话题，P2、P3分别对应鲁迅不同阶段的写作经历，P4总结影响，由P2、P3共同指向P4。
3. 匹配选项：A项是P1直接指向三个段落，不符合；B项是P1指向P2、P3，再由P2、P3指向P4，符合逻辑；C项是P1指向P2，P2指向P3、P4，不符合；D项是三个段落都指向P4，不符合。因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
语篇结构分析、阅读理解
【点评】
本题考查语篇结构，需梳理段落大意并分析段落间的逻辑关系，是阅读理解中常见的语篇分析类题目，需具备基础的文本梳理能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
