四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。
$\boxed{personality\quad get\quad all\ the\ time\quad when\quad behave}$
Do you wonder why you get angry so easily while your friend smiles $\underline{1}$? It's probably because you two have different $\underline{2}$. The personality is about how people think, $\underline{3}$, and react(作出反应) in different situations. So what makes people think, behave and react in certain ways?
Part of the reason is that people are born like this. A baby $\underline{4}$ its blood type, genes, and other physical things $\underline{5}$ it's still inside its mother. These things may help decide what the baby will be like.
$\boxed{start\quad you\quad possible\quad education\quad worry\ about}$
But one's personality doesn't stop here. Family life, school $\underline{6}$ and life experiences can also make you the person you are. This doesn't mean it's $\underline{7}$ to change your personality. You can always try to make $\underline{8}$ better. Don't $\underline{9}$ your shortcomings(缺点) too much. Just accept them. This is a good way to $\underline{10}$ making changes.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. all the time 2. personalities 3. behave 4. gets
5. when 6. education 7. impossible 8. yourself
9. worry about 10. start

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文，理解短文关于“性格形成”的主旨大意；2. 整理两个方框内的词汇，明确每个词汇的含义及词性；3. 逐句分析每个空格的语境需求，包括所需词性、语义逻辑，再结合语法规则（如名词单复数、动词形式、反身代词等）匹配词汇；4. 检查所选词汇是否符合“每个单词/短语限用一次”的要求，确保短文通顺完整。
【解析】
1. 空格处需修饰动词smiles，表“一直”，选all the time；
2. 空格前有different，后接可数名词复数，结合语境“不同的性格”，personality变复数personalities；
3. 空格处与think、react并列，用动词原形，选behave；
4. 主语a baby为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，动词get变第三人称单数形式gets；
5. 空格处引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”，选when；
6. 结合语境“学校教育”，选名词education；
7. 结合后文“你可以努力改变”，可知此处表“不可能改变性格”，选impossible；
8. 结合语境“让你自己更好”，用反身代词yourself；
9. 结合固定搭配worry about（担心），选该短语；
10. 结合语境“开始做改变”，选动词start，符合a good way to do sth结构。
【答案】
1. all the time 2. personalities 3. behave 4. gets 5. when 6. education 7. impossible 8. yourself 9. worry about 10. start
【知识点】
选词填空、词汇运用、语法应用
【点评】
本题围绕“性格”主题考查选词填空，需学生结合语境、词性及语法规则选择并调整词汇形式，是初中英语常见题型，侧重基础词汇的运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、阅读理解。（2025·江苏常州·期中）
You may disagree with your friends or family members in some cases. While disagreements can be uncomfortable, there are some steps you can take to make conversations more polite and meaningful.
Listen to their side
Even if you don't share someone's point of view, you can still listen to what they want to say. Show that you're paying attention by listening carefully without stopping them. Keep eye contact, nod and move your body towards the person you are listening to. Another way to show that you're listening is by asking questions or repeating what they have said. You can start by saying, “OK. If I understand you, you are saying...”
Try respectful language
When someone has an opinion you don't agree with, it can be easy to dismiss(摒弃) it. Some people refute(驳斥) others' opinions by attacking or making fun of them. Here are some ways for you to express opinions with respect. Don't use rude words like “stupid”. Stay calm and start with “I” instead of “you”. For example, you might say “I feel” or “I see this in another way”. Also, make sure you will not use “we” language, even if you know others in your group agree with you.
▲
An opinion with feelings is weak. If you have a strong opinion, you can make a better case for it with facts. Facts are not based on personal feelings or guesses, they are true statements. Say what you would like to say in a calm voice and make sure your facts are from sources(来源) that can be trusted. If you are stopped, gently remind the person that you gave them a turn to speak and now you would like to speak. Then give the person a chance to reply.
Find common(共同的) ground
You may find that you can't change others' minds, and they may not change yours. Still, look for points you agree on. You may also gain a better understanding of each other's opinion. In
the end, it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships with others.
()1. What does the writer mainly explain in Paragraph 2?
A. Why do you need to listen to others' side?
B. How can you show that you are listening?
C. What can you say to express your understanding?
D. When do you ask questions or repeat others' words?
()2. What way does the writer use to connect the ideas in Paragraph 3?
A. Showing sequence.
B. Giving examples.
C. Presenting numbers.
D. Describing cause and effect.
()3. Which of the following is the most suitable for ▲?
A. Use facts instead
B. Say in a calm voice
C. Share better feelings
D. Give others a chance
()4. Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage?
A. If you can't change others' minds, you can change yours.
B. If you're stopped, you need to give others a turn to speak.
C. To better understand others, looking for common views is necessary.
D. To have healthy communication, building strong relationships is important.

1. B 【点拨】根据第二段可知,第二段主要讲述的是如何通过肢体语言(如眼神交流、点头)、提问或复述对方的话来表明自己在倾听。故选 B。
2. B 【点拨】根据第三段内容可知,第三段通过列举具体方法(如避免粗鲁词汇、用“I”代替“you”、不用“we”语言)来说明如何用尊重的方式表达观点,属于“举例”。故选 B。
3. A 【点拨】根据“If you have a strong opinion, you can make a better case for it with facts. Facts are not based on personal feelings or guesses, they are true statements.”可知,本段强调“用事实而非情感支持观点”。故选 A。
4. C 【点拨】根据“Still, look for points you agree on. You may also gain a better understanding of each other's opinion.”可知,你要寻找你同意的观点,这样你们也可以更好地理解彼此的观点。故选 C。

【分析】
这是一篇关于人际沟通技巧的英语阅读理解，共4道选择题，分别考查段落主旨、段落论证方法、段落标题选择、细节理解。解题时需定位原文对应段落，明确每道题的考查方向，结合原文内容逐一分析选项，排除错误选项后确定正确答案。第1题需聚焦第二段核心内容，判断其主旨；第2题需分析第三段的论证结构；第3题需提炼第四段的核心主旨；第4题需将选项与原文细节逐一比对，判断正误。
【解析】
1. 第二段主要围绕“如何展示自己在倾听”展开，提到眼神交流、点头、提问或复述对方的话等具体方式，对应选项B。A选项“为什么要倾听”未在第二段提及，C选项“表达理解的话”仅为部分内容，D选项“何时提问或复述”不是核心，故答案为B。
2. 第三段通过列举具体的尊重表达方法（如用“I feel”代替“you”、不用粗鲁词汇等）来论证观点，属于举例论证，对应选项B。A选项“展示顺序”未体现，C选项“呈现数字”无相关内容，D选项“因果关系”未涉及，故答案为B。
3. 第四段核心是“用事实而非情感支持观点”，提到“有强烈观点时用事实更好地论证，事实基于真实陈述”，对应选项A。B选项“平静说话”是细节而非核心，C选项“分享感受”与原文强调用事实相悖，D选项“给他人机会”是其他段落内容，故答案为A。
4. A选项原文未提及“改变自己的想法”；B选项原文是“若被打断，提醒对方你给过发言机会，现在想表达”，并非“需要给他人机会”；C选项对应原文“寻找共同点，能更好理解彼此观点”，表述正确；D选项原文是“健康沟通建立牢固关系”，并非“建立关系是健康沟通的重要点”，故答案为C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（主旨大意、细节理解、论证方法）
【点评】
本题围绕沟通技巧展开英语阅读理解考查，题型涵盖主旨、论证结构、细节判断，需学生精准定位原文，分析选项与原文的匹配度，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6