1.「2026四川南充期中」根据下列已知条件,不能画出唯一△ABC的是(
A.$∠ A=60°, ∠ B=45°, AB=4$
B.$∠ A=30°, AB=5, BC=3$
C.$∠ B=60°, AB=6, BC=10$
D.$∠ C=90°, AB=5, AC=3$
B
)A.$∠ A=60°, ∠ B=45°, AB=4$
B.$∠ A=30°, AB=5, BC=3$
C.$∠ B=60°, AB=6, BC=10$
D.$∠ C=90°, AB=5, AC=3$
答案
A.满足ASA;B.可以画出两个三角形;C.满足SAS;D.只能画出一个满足题意的△ABC.故选B.
2.「2026江苏南通如皋月考」如图,已知$AB=AC$,$AE=AF$,$BE$与$CF$交于点$D$,则对于下列结论:①$△ ABE≌△ ACF$;②$△ BDF≌△ CDE$;③点$D$在$∠ BAC$的平分线上,正确的是(

A.①
B.②
C.①②
D.①②③
D
)A.①
B.②
C.①②
D.①②③
答案
在$△ ABE$和$△ ACF$中,$\begin{cases} AB=AC, \\ ∠ A=∠ A, \\ AE=AF, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABE≌ △ ACF(\mathrm{SAS})$,故①结论正确,$\therefore ∠ B=∠ C$,
$\because AB=AC,AE=AF,\therefore AB-AF=AC-AE$,即$BF=CE$,
在$△ BDF$和$△ CDE$中,$\begin{cases} ∠ BDF=∠ CDE, \\ ∠ B=∠ C, \\ BF=CE, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ BDF≌ △ CDE(\mathrm{AAS})$,故②结论正确.
连接$AD$(图略),$\because △ BDF≌ △ CDE,\therefore BD=CD$,
在$△ ABD$和$△ ACD$中,$\begin{cases} AB=AC, \\ ∠ B=∠ C, \\ BD=CD, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABD≌ △ ACD(\mathrm{SAS})$,$\therefore ∠ BAD=∠ CAD$,即点$D$在$∠ BAC$的平分线上,故③结论正确.故选D.
$\therefore △ ABE≌ △ ACF(\mathrm{SAS})$,故①结论正确,$\therefore ∠ B=∠ C$,
$\because AB=AC,AE=AF,\therefore AB-AF=AC-AE$,即$BF=CE$,
在$△ BDF$和$△ CDE$中,$\begin{cases} ∠ BDF=∠ CDE, \\ ∠ B=∠ C, \\ BF=CE, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ BDF≌ △ CDE(\mathrm{AAS})$,故②结论正确.
连接$AD$(图略),$\because △ BDF≌ △ CDE,\therefore BD=CD$,
在$△ ABD$和$△ ACD$中,$\begin{cases} AB=AC, \\ ∠ B=∠ C, \\ BD=CD, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABD≌ △ ACD(\mathrm{SAS})$,$\therefore ∠ BAD=∠ CAD$,即点$D$在$∠ BAC$的平分线上,故③结论正确.故选D.
3.「2026河北沧州期中」如图,在边长为1的小正方形组成的网格中,点A,B,C,D均在格点上.图中∠ABC+∠ADC=

45
°.答案
答案 45
解析 如图,在格点上找一点E,连接DE,AE,
在$△ ABC$和$△ DAE$中,
$\begin{cases} AC=DE, \\ ∠ ACB=∠ DEA, \\ BC=AE, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABC≌ △ DAE(\mathrm{SAS})$,$\therefore ∠ ABC=∠ DAE$,
$\because ∠ DCE=∠ DAE+∠ ADC=45°$,$\therefore ∠ ABC+∠ ADC=45°$.
4.「2025湖北武汉中考」如图,四边形ABCD的对角线交于点O,AD//BC.若,则AD=CB.从①OA=OC,②∠ABC=∠CDA,③AB=CD这三个选项中选择一个作为条件,使结论成立,并说明理由.

答案
解析 答案不唯一.如选择①$OA=OC$,
理由$\because AD// BC$,$\therefore ∠ ODA=∠ OBC$,
在$△ AOD$和$△ COB$中,$\begin{cases} ∠ AOD=∠ COB, \\ ∠ ODA=∠ OBC, \\ OA=OC, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ AOD≌ △ COB(\mathrm{AAS})$,$\therefore AD=CB$.
理由$\because AD// BC$,$\therefore ∠ ODA=∠ OBC$,
在$△ AOD$和$△ COB$中,$\begin{cases} ∠ AOD=∠ COB, \\ ∠ ODA=∠ OBC, \\ OA=OC, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ AOD≌ △ COB(\mathrm{AAS})$,$\therefore AD=CB$.
5. 学科特色教材变式 如图,$△ ABC ≌ △ A'B'C'$,$AD$,$A'D'$分别是$△ ABC$和$△ A'B'C'$的中线.
(1)求证:$AD=A'D'$.
(2)若$AD$,$A'D'$分别是$△ ABC$和$△ A'B'C'$的角平分线,$AD$与$A'D'$还相等吗?证明你的结论.

(1)求证:$AD=A'D'$.
(2)若$AD$,$A'D'$分别是$△ ABC$和$△ A'B'C'$的角平分线,$AD$与$A'D'$还相等吗?证明你的结论.
答案
(1)证明:$\because △ ABC≌ △ A'B'C'$,
$\therefore AB=A'B',BC=B'C',∠ B=∠ B'$,
$\because AD,A'D'$分别是$△ ABC$和$△ A'B'C'$的中线,
$\therefore BD=\dfrac{1}{2}BC,B'D'=\dfrac{1}{2}B'C',\therefore BD=B'D'$,
在$△ ABD$和$△ A'B'D'$中,$\begin{cases} AB=A'B', \\ ∠ B=∠ B', \\ BD=B'D', \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABD≌ △ A'B'D'(\mathrm{SAS})$,$\therefore AD=A'D'$.
(2)$AD=A'D'$.
证明:$\because △ ABC≌ △ A'B'C'$,
$\therefore AB=A'B',∠ B=∠ B',∠ BAC=∠ B'A'C'$,
$\because AD,A'D'$分别是$△ ABC$和$△ A'B'C'$的角平分线,
$\therefore ∠ BAD=\dfrac{1}{2}∠ BAC,∠ B'A'D'=\dfrac{1}{2}∠ B'A'C'$,
$\therefore ∠ BAD=∠ B'A'D'$,
在$△ ABD$和$△ A'B'D'$中,$\begin{cases} ∠ B=∠ B', \\ AB=A'B', \\ ∠ BAD=∠ B'A'D', \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABD≌ △ A'B'D'(\mathrm{ASA})$,$\therefore AD=A'D'$.
$\therefore AB=A'B',BC=B'C',∠ B=∠ B'$,
$\because AD,A'D'$分别是$△ ABC$和$△ A'B'C'$的中线,
$\therefore BD=\dfrac{1}{2}BC,B'D'=\dfrac{1}{2}B'C',\therefore BD=B'D'$,
在$△ ABD$和$△ A'B'D'$中,$\begin{cases} AB=A'B', \\ ∠ B=∠ B', \\ BD=B'D', \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABD≌ △ A'B'D'(\mathrm{SAS})$,$\therefore AD=A'D'$.
(2)$AD=A'D'$.
证明:$\because △ ABC≌ △ A'B'C'$,
$\therefore AB=A'B',∠ B=∠ B',∠ BAC=∠ B'A'C'$,
$\because AD,A'D'$分别是$△ ABC$和$△ A'B'C'$的角平分线,
$\therefore ∠ BAD=\dfrac{1}{2}∠ BAC,∠ B'A'D'=\dfrac{1}{2}∠ B'A'C'$,
$\therefore ∠ BAD=∠ B'A'D'$,
在$△ ABD$和$△ A'B'D'$中,$\begin{cases} ∠ B=∠ B', \\ AB=A'B', \\ ∠ BAD=∠ B'A'D', \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABD≌ △ A'B'D'(\mathrm{ASA})$,$\therefore AD=A'D'$.
6.「2026江苏无锡宜兴月考,★☆」根据下列三个尺规作图痕迹,能判定AD平分∠BAC的是 (

A.图1
B.图1与图2
C.图2与图3
D.图1与图3
D
)A.图1
B.图1与图2
C.图2与图3
D.图1与图3
答案
题图1为尺规作角平分线的方法.题图2中,由作图痕迹可知EF垂直平分BC,$\therefore AD$是$△ ABC$的中线,但AD不一定平分$∠ BAC$.题图3中,由作图痕迹可知$AM=AN,AF=AE$,$\therefore EM=FN$,$\because ∠ MAF=∠ NAE$,$\therefore △ MAF≌ △ NAE(\mathrm{SAS})$,$\therefore ∠ AMF=∠ ANE$,即$∠ EMD=∠ FND$,又$\because ∠ EDM=∠ FDN$,$\therefore △ EDM≌ △ FDN(\mathrm{AAS})$,$\therefore DE=DF$,又$\because AE=AF,AD=AD$,$\therefore △ AED≌ △ AFD(\mathrm{SSS})$,$\therefore ∠ EAD=∠ FAD$,$\therefore AD$平分$∠ BAC$.综上所述,能判定AD平分$∠ BAC$的是题中图1与图3.故选D.
7.「2026江苏南京玄武期中,★☆」如图,$AB=AC$且$AB⊥AC$,$CD=DE$且$CD⊥DE$,$B$,$C$,$E$三点共线,并且点$B$,$C$,$E$到直线$AD$的距离分别为$4$,$2$,$1$,则四边形$ABED$的面积为

17.5
。答案
答案 17.5
解析 如图,分别过点B,C,E作直线AD的垂线,分别交直线AD于点F,G,H,则$BF=4,CG=2,EH=1$,
$\because AB⊥ AC,BF⊥ FH,CG⊥ FH$,
$\therefore ∠ F=∠ BAC=∠ CGA=90°$,
$\therefore ∠ CAG+∠ BAF=90°$,$∠ ABF+∠ BAF=90°$,
$\therefore ∠ ABF=∠ CAG$,
在$△ ABF$和$△ CAG$中,$\begin{cases} ∠ F=∠ CGA, \\ ∠ ABF=∠ CAG, \\ AB=CA, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ ABF≌ △ CAG(\mathrm{AAS})$,$\therefore AF=CG=2,AG=BF=4$,
同理可得$△ CDG≌ △ DEH$,$\therefore DG=EH=1,DH=CG=2$,
$\therefore FH=AF+AG+DG+DH=2+4+1+2=9$,$\therefore S_{\mathrm{四边形}ABED}=S_{\mathrm{梯形}BEHF}-S_{△ ABF}-S_{△ DEH}=\dfrac{1}{2}(EH+BF)· FH-\dfrac{1}{2}BF· AF-\dfrac{1}{2}DH· EH=\dfrac{1}{2}×(1+4)×9-\dfrac{1}{2}×4×2-\dfrac{1}{2}×2×1=17.5$.
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