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五、 立德树人·提升生命安全意识 任务型阅读
Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring threats（威胁）to safety.
The ground suddenly shakes, often without warning, when earthquakes happen. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “drop, cover, and hold on” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on.
Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important.
Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building houses in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances（电器）up off the ground. Having an emergency plan is also a must.
By understanding these disasters and taking action, communities and people can reduce the risk of harm and recover（恢复）more quickly after disasters happen.
19. How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text?（不超过5个词）
20. Why are people advised to “drop, cover, and hold on” until the shaking stops?（不超过10个词）
21. What can typhoons cause according to the text?（不超过10个词）
Natural disasters can hit anywhere, anytime, and being prepared is the key to staying safe. Earthquakes, typhoons, and floods are common natural disasters that can cause terrible damage and bring threats（威胁）to safety.
The ground suddenly shakes, often without warning, when earthquakes happen. To stay safe during an earthquake, people had better “drop, cover, and hold on” until the shaking stops. You can find a strong table to hide under and hold on.
Typhoons, known as hurricanes or cyclones in other parts of the world, can lead to strong winds and too much rain. Before a typhoon arrives, storing necessary things like food, water, and batteries is important.
Floods can happen when rivers overflow because of too much rain. To prepare well, avoid building houses in the areas where floods often happen and place important electrical appliances（电器）up off the ground. Having an emergency plan is also a must.
By understanding these disasters and taking action, communities and people can reduce the risk of harm and recover（恢复）more quickly after disasters happen.
19. How many kinds of natural disasters are mentioned in the text?（不超过5个词）
Three/3.
20. Why are people advised to “drop, cover, and hold on” until the shaking stops?（不超过10个词）
To stay safe during an earthquake.
21. What can typhoons cause according to the text?（不超过10个词）
Strong winds and too much rain.
答案
19. Three/3.
20. To stay safe during an earthquake.
21. Strong winds and too much rain.
20. To stay safe during an earthquake.
21. Strong winds and too much rain.
解析
【分析】
本题为任务型阅读的细节理解题，解题思路是先明确每个问题的关键词，再回原文定位对应段落，提取符合词数要求的关键信息即可。
【解析】
19题：定位原文第一段，提到的自然灾害有地震、台风、洪水，共3种，符合词数要求；
20题：定位第二段关于地震的内容，“drop, cover, and hold on”的目的是保持安全，对应“To stay safe during an earthquake”，符合词数；
21题：定位第三段关于台风的内容，台风会导致强风和大雨，对应“Strong winds and too much rain”，符合词数。
【答案】
19. Three/3. 20. To stay safe during an earthquake. 21. Strong winds and too much rain.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解
【点评】
本题考查学生快速定位原文信息并提炼符合词数要求答案的能力，属于基础细节类任务型阅读题。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题为任务型阅读的细节理解题，解题思路是先明确每个问题的关键词，再回原文定位对应段落，提取符合词数要求的关键信息即可。
【解析】
19题：定位原文第一段，提到的自然灾害有地震、台风、洪水，共3种，符合词数要求；
20题：定位第二段关于地震的内容，“drop, cover, and hold on”的目的是保持安全，对应“To stay safe during an earthquake”，符合词数；
21题：定位第三段关于台风的内容，台风会导致强风和大雨，对应“Strong winds and too much rain”，符合词数。
【答案】
19. Three/3. 20. To stay safe during an earthquake. 21. Strong winds and too much rain.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、细节理解
【点评】
本题考查学生快速定位原文信息并提炼符合词数要求答案的能力，属于基础细节类任务型阅读题。
【难度系数】
0.8
