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五、新素材·南极探险第一人 阅读理解
Roald Amundsen was the first explorer to reach the South Pole (南极). Born on 16 July 1872 in Norway, Roald grew up with his three older brothers. His father, a businessman in the shipping industry, died when he was just 14. Roald had dreamed of becoming an explorer, but his mother wanted him to become a doctor. He followed his mother’s wish until she died when he was 21. Then Roald left school to go after his dream of exploring.
His adventure on a Belgian research ship in 1897 was his first real polar exploration. When the ship got stuck in ice, the people on board were forced to spend the winter in terrible conditions. But Roald used his skills to find fresh food, and showed himself to be an able explorer. This was perhaps one of the most important experiences that would lead to his becoming a polar explorer.
Roald had planned to be the first man to reach and explore the North Pole. However, hearing that Robert Peary had already reached it, Roald changed the plan and decided to go to the South Pole. In January 1911, Roald’s ship arrived at the Bay of Whales in Antarctica. His team set up camp there and prepared for the trip to the South Pole. The team set out to reach the South Pole months later. At first, they travelled quickly, but soon they had to cross mountains and avoid dangerous places. Finally, after nearly two months of hard travelling, on 14 December 1911, they reached the South Pole. The exploration took 99 days and the team travelled over 1,800 miles to the pole and back.
(
A. He enjoyed his life in the Arctic very much.
B. He was better at scientific research than others.
C. He had already learned some skills to explore.
D. He realized his dream of exploring the North Pole in 1896.
(
(
A. Caring. B. Easy-going.
C. Honest. D. Fearless.
Roald Amundsen was the first explorer to reach the South Pole (南极). Born on 16 July 1872 in Norway, Roald grew up with his three older brothers. His father, a businessman in the shipping industry, died when he was just 14. Roald had dreamed of becoming an explorer, but his mother wanted him to become a doctor. He followed his mother’s wish until she died when he was 21. Then Roald left school to go after his dream of exploring.
His adventure on a Belgian research ship in 1897 was his first real polar exploration. When the ship got stuck in ice, the people on board were forced to spend the winter in terrible conditions. But Roald used his skills to find fresh food, and showed himself to be an able explorer. This was perhaps one of the most important experiences that would lead to his becoming a polar explorer.
Roald had planned to be the first man to reach and explore the North Pole. However, hearing that Robert Peary had already reached it, Roald changed the plan and decided to go to the South Pole. In January 1911, Roald’s ship arrived at the Bay of Whales in Antarctica. His team set up camp there and prepared for the trip to the South Pole. The team set out to reach the South Pole months later. At first, they travelled quickly, but soon they had to cross mountains and avoid dangerous places. Finally, after nearly two months of hard travelling, on 14 December 1911, they reached the South Pole. The exploration took 99 days and the team travelled over 1,800 miles to the pole and back.
(
C
) 24. What can we know about Roald from Paragraph 2?A. He enjoyed his life in the Arctic very much.
B. He was better at scientific research than others.
C. He had already learned some skills to explore.
D. He realized his dream of exploring the North Pole in 1896.
(
A
) 25. 跨学科·数学 Which picture shows the change of the speed on their way to the South Pole?(
D
) 26. 能力训练点·批判性思维 Which of the following best describes Roald?A. Caring. B. Easy-going.
C. Honest. D. Fearless.
答案
24-26: CAD
解析
【分析】本题为跨学科题型，需先从阅读理解原文中定位关于Roald队伍前往南极途中速度变化的描述，再匹配对应图像。首先定位原文第三段：“At first, they travelled quickly, but soon they had to cross mountains and avoid dangerous places.”，即队伍起初行进速度快，之后因需穿越山脉、避开危险，速度缓慢下降，且下降幅度较小，对应图像的变化趋势。
【解析】根据原文细节：Roald的探险队前往南极时，初期行进速度较快，后续因需穿越山脉、规避危险区域，速度缓慢下降。观察选项图像：A图速度先快速上升至峰值，之后缓慢下降，符合描述；B图速度持续加速且后期增速加快，不符合；C图速度匀速上升，不符合；D图速度有多次波动且后期增速加快，不符合。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】速度变化图像，阅读理解细节查找
【点评】本题结合英语阅读理解与数学图像分析，考查学生提取文本信息并对应图像的能力，需准确把握原文中速度变化的关键描述，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】根据原文细节：Roald的探险队前往南极时，初期行进速度较快，后续因需穿越山脉、规避危险区域，速度缓慢下降。观察选项图像：A图速度先快速上升至峰值，之后缓慢下降，符合描述；B图速度持续加速且后期增速加快，不符合；C图速度匀速上升，不符合；D图速度有多次波动且后期增速加快，不符合。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】速度变化图像，阅读理解细节查找
【点评】本题结合英语阅读理解与数学图像分析，考查学生提取文本信息并对应图像的能力，需准确把握原文中速度变化的关键描述，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
