五、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式
Ancient China made remarkable contributions to science and technology. It is said that an earthquake happened 1. (sudden) 2,000 years ago in China. Without doubt, a lot of people died in the disaster. At that time, a man 2. (name) Zhang Heng decided to invent an instrument 3. (help) people in an earthquake. He tried many 4. (time). At last, the seismograph(地震仪) was invented 5. him. It was used for knowing about 6. earthquakes happened. There were eight 7. (dragon) with a ball in the mouth of each dragon on the seismograph. 8. an earthquake happened in the west, the ball in the western dragon would fall. The story about Zhang Heng and his seismograph 9. (turn) into many languages. I think it is 10. great invention in the world.

1. suddenly 2. named 3. to help 4. times 5. by 6. where 7. dragons 8. When 9. was turned 10. a

【分析】本题为英语短文填空，需结合语境和语法规则完成空白处填写。解题思路：先通读短文理解主旨，再逐个分析每个空的语法结构与语境需求：1. 修饰动词happened需用副词；2. 名词与动词为被动关系时用过去分词作定语；3. 表目的用不定式；4. many后接可数名词复数；5. 被动语态中引出动作执行者用介词by；6. 宾语从句表地点用where；7. 数词后接可数名词复数；8. 引导时间状语从句用When；9. 主语与动词为被动关系且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时被动语态；10. 表泛指“一个”用不定冠词，结合发音选a。
【解析】1. 空格处修饰动词happened，需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly；2. a man与name是被动关系，此处用过去分词named作后置定语；3. 发明仪器的目的是帮助人们，用不定式to help表目的；4. many后接可数名词复数，time表“次数”时复数为times；5. 被动语态中，引出动作的执行者用介词by；6. 此处宾语从句缺少地点状语，表“地震发生的地方”，用where引导；7. eight后接可数名词复数，dragon的复数形式为dragons；8. 此处引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”，用When；9. 主语the story与turn into是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态was turned；10. 此处表示“一个伟大的发明”，great以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。
【答案】1. suddenly 2. named 3. to help 4. times 5. by 6. where 7. dragons 8. When 9. was turned 10. a
【知识点】副词的用法、非谓语动词、被动语态
【点评】本题考查英语基础语法与词汇变形，需结合语境分析句子结构，掌握常见语法规则即可完成，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

读后词汇拓展 猜出画波浪线短语的中文意思，并收入自己的小词典。
charging station

充电站

【分析】首先明确该短语是英语复合名词，由动名词charging和名词station构成，需分别理解两部分含义后组合得出整体意思。
【解析】“charging”的含义是“充电”，“station”的含义是“站”，将两部分含义结合，即可得出该短语的中文意思。
【答案】充电站
【知识点】复合名词、英语短语翻译
【点评】本题考查基础英语复合名词的词义理解，属于词汇拓展类基础题目，结合构成部分的含义即可快速得出正确意思，适合日常积累实用词汇。
【难度系数】0.9