一、根据上下文内容，从方框中选择正确的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空(每个单词或短语限用一次)
firm, ignorance, application, fancy, prince, solve, run over, successfully, praise
In an ancient kingdom, people often suffered from floods. Their 1. of flood control made the situation worse. When it rained heavily, water in the river 2. its banks and flooded the villages. The villagers did not know how to 3. this problem. A young 4. named Leo wanted to help his people. He 5. believed that nature follows simple rules. After careful thought, he came up with an idea. He made a 6. drawing to explain his idea to the villagers. Then they built small channels to guide the water away. As a result, the crops were 7. saved. His clever 8. of a simple physical principle worked perfectly. The king 9. his son for his great idea.

1. ignorance 2. ran over 3. solve 4. prince 5. firmly 6. fancy 7. successfully 8. application 9. praised

【分析】
首先通读全文理解语境：古代王国洪水泛滥，人们因对防洪的无知加剧了灾情，王子Leo想出办法解决问题。解题时需结合每个空的上下文逻辑、词性要求，从方框给定单词中选择，同时注意单词的形式变化（如动词变副词、动词过去式等），且每个单词限用一次。
【解析】
1. 句意：他们对防洪的无知让情况更糟，此处需名词，故填ignorance；
2. 描述过去河水漫过河岸的动作，用run over的过去式ran over；
3. 固定搭配solve the problem（解决问题），此处填动词原形solve；
4. 句意：一位名叫Leo的年轻王子，故填名词prince；
5. 此处修饰动词believed，需用形容词firm的副词形式firmly；
6. 此处修饰名词drawing，用形容词fancy（精致的）；
7. 此处修饰动词saved，用形容词successfully的副词形式successfully；
8. 句意：他对简单物理原理的应用，故填名词application；
9. 描述过去国王表扬儿子的动作，用动词praise的过去式praised。
【答案】
1. ignorance 2. ran over 3. solve 4. prince 5. firmly 6. fancy 7. successfully 8. application 9. praised
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、词性转换、语境填词
【点评】
本题为语境填词题，考查学生对词汇词义、词性及形式变化的掌握，需结合上下文逻辑和语法规则选择合适单词，难度适中，能有效考查学生的词汇应用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、根据课文内容，用括号中单词的适当形式和适当的词完成下面短文
In the ancient Greek city of Syracuse, King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a fancy gold crown. The king was quite 1. (satisfy) with it at first.
But later he started to 2. whether the crown was truly made of pure gold.
He sent it to Archimedes and asked him to find out the 3. (true).
Archimedes thought about the problem for a long time. One day, he got an idea while he was taking a bath. He was so excited that he went 4. to the palace to test his idea.
First, he 5. the crown and asked for some gold of the same weight. Then he did an experiment. He 6. two pots with water and placed them in two big bowls. He put the gold into one pot and some water ran into the bowl. Then he put the crown into the other pot and even 7. water ran into the bowl.
Archimedes explained, “A crown made completely of gold 8. less water than a crown made of gold and another metal. Now I know this crown isn’t completely made of gold.”
The king was very angry because the crown maker 9. him. He then sent the crown maker to 10. and praised Archimedes for his clever discovery.

1. satisfied 2. doubt 3. truth 4. straight 5. weighed 6. filled 7. more 8. displaces 9. fooled 10. prison

【分析】本题为根据课文内容、语境及词汇适当形式填空的题型，解题时需先理解每个空格所在句子的语境，结合括号内单词的词性变化、固定搭配或上下文逻辑确定答案，逐步推导每个空的正确形式。
【解析】1. 固定搭配be satisfied with意为“对……满意”，故填satisfy的形容词形式satisfied；2. 语境为国王怀疑皇冠是否纯金，start to后接动词原形，故填doubt；3. find out后需接名词，true的名词形式为truth（真相）；4. 固定短语go straight to意为“径直去”，故填straight；5. 动作发生在过去，阿基米德称皇冠重量，weigh的过去式为weighed；6. 固定搭配fill...with（用……装满），动作过去，故填filled；7. 对比纯金的情况，非纯金皇冠溢出的水更多，故填more；8. 主语a crown为单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，表“排开（水）”，故填displaces；9. 语境为工匠欺骗了国王，动作过去，故填fooled；10. 固定短语send sb to prison意为“送某人入狱”，故填prison。
【答案】1. satisfied 2. doubt 3. truth 4. straight 5. weighed 6. filled 7. more 8. displaces 9. fooled 10. prison
【知识点】词汇适当形式、固定搭配、语境理解
【点评】本题围绕阿基米德测皇冠的课文内容，考查学生对词汇词性转换、固定短语及语境逻辑的掌握，是初中英语常见的基础题型，需结合课文记忆和语法知识作答。
【难度系数】0.5