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五、阅读理解
①An earthquake may happen at any time. It's best for us to know what to do, where to go for safety and who to contact during an earthquake. The following information will help you.
②First, prepare your personal earthquake bag. Collect these items and keep them somewhere near you: water, food, medicine, a mobile phone, a torch (手电筒), personal toiletries (洗漱用品), a blanket and some money.
③Second, drop, hide, hold on and contact. Drop to the floor and protect your head and neck with your arms. Hide yourself beside something strong like a table, a bed and so on. Hold on to the furniture so that you won't move away during the earthquake. Contact family or friends to tell them where you are.
④Third, never do these things: standing too close to the buildings or standing under trees or signs. It's better for you to stand in an open space. Never get too close to the power lines (输电线) because you may be badly hurt by electricity.
(
A. Dream of. B. Get in touch with.
C. Eat out. D. Laugh at.
(
A. Near a table. B. Behind a door.
C. On the floor. D. On the bed.
(
(
A. The causes of earthquakes.
B. The personal earthquake bag.
C. Different kinds of earthquakes.
D. How to keep safe during an earthquake?
(
A. In a safety guide. B. In a news report.
C. In a history book. D. In a storybook.
①An earthquake may happen at any time. It's best for us to know what to do, where to go for safety and who to contact during an earthquake. The following information will help you.
②First, prepare your personal earthquake bag. Collect these items and keep them somewhere near you: water, food, medicine, a mobile phone, a torch (手电筒), personal toiletries (洗漱用品), a blanket and some money.
③Second, drop, hide, hold on and contact. Drop to the floor and protect your head and neck with your arms. Hide yourself beside something strong like a table, a bed and so on. Hold on to the furniture so that you won't move away during the earthquake. Contact family or friends to tell them where you are.
④Third, never do these things: standing too close to the buildings or standing under trees or signs. It's better for you to stand in an open space. Never get too close to the power lines (输电线) because you may be badly hurt by electricity.
(
B
)1. What does the underlined word "contact" in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Dream of. B. Get in touch with.
C. Eat out. D. Laugh at.
(
C
)2. Where should we drop to protect our head and neck with our arms?A. Near a table. B. Behind a door.
C. On the floor. D. On the bed.
(
A
)3. What's the structure of the passage?(
D
)4. What is the best title for the passage?A. The causes of earthquakes.
B. The personal earthquake bag.
C. Different kinds of earthquakes.
D. How to keep safe during an earthquake?
(
A
)5. Where may we read the passage?A. In a safety guide. B. In a news report.
C. In a history book. D. In a storybook.
答案
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇地震安全主题的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以按题型逐个突破：
1. 词义猜测题：结合划线词所在的地震场景语境，对比四个选项的短语含义就能选出正确答案；
2. 细节理解题：直接定位题干对应的原文段落，找到原句匹配选项即可；
3. 文章结构题：先梳理每段的作用，第①段是总起引出下文的地震避险方法，第②③④段是三个并列的独立建议，属于总分结构，对应匹配给出的结构示意图；
4. 主旨大意题：排除只覆盖局部内容、完全无关的选项，选出能概括全文核心内容的标题；
5. 文章出处题：根据文本的科普安全属性，匹配最合理的发布场景。
【解析】
1. 第1题：划线词contact所在句意为“地震期间我们要知道做什么、去哪里避险以及联系谁”，A选项Dream of意为“梦想”，B选项Get in touch with意为“取得联系”，C选项Eat out意为“外出就餐”，D选项Laugh at意为“嘲笑”，只有B符合语境。
2. 第2题：定位原文第三段明确提到“Drop to the floor and protect your head and neck with your arms”，可知我们要蹲到地板上用手臂保护头和颈，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：文章第①段总述地震随时可能发生，下文将给出相关安全指引，第②③④段是三条并列的独立避险建议，属于“总领段+三个并列分述段”的总分结构，对应选项A的示意图。
4. 第4题：全文围绕地震发生前后的安全避险方法展开，A选项“地震的成因”文中未提及，B选项“个人地震应急包”只是文中局部内容，C选项“不同种类的地震”文中未提及，只有D选项“地震期间如何保证安全？”能完整概括全文主旨。
5. 第5题：本文是地震安全科普内容，最可能出现在安全指南中，新闻报道、历史书、故事书都不符合文本属性，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测，细节信息定位，文章结构分析
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读理解，覆盖了中小学英语阅读所有常见的基础考点，大部分题目只要准确定位原文就能直接得到答案，仅文章结构题需要学生具备梳理文本逻辑的能力，少数逻辑梳理能力弱的学生容易在这里出错。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇地震安全主题的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以按题型逐个突破：
1. 词义猜测题：结合划线词所在的地震场景语境，对比四个选项的短语含义就能选出正确答案；
2. 细节理解题：直接定位题干对应的原文段落，找到原句匹配选项即可；
3. 文章结构题：先梳理每段的作用，第①段是总起引出下文的地震避险方法，第②③④段是三个并列的独立建议，属于总分结构，对应匹配给出的结构示意图；
4. 主旨大意题：排除只覆盖局部内容、完全无关的选项，选出能概括全文核心内容的标题；
5. 文章出处题：根据文本的科普安全属性，匹配最合理的发布场景。
【解析】
1. 第1题：划线词contact所在句意为“地震期间我们要知道做什么、去哪里避险以及联系谁”，A选项Dream of意为“梦想”，B选项Get in touch with意为“取得联系”，C选项Eat out意为“外出就餐”，D选项Laugh at意为“嘲笑”，只有B符合语境。
2. 第2题：定位原文第三段明确提到“Drop to the floor and protect your head and neck with your arms”，可知我们要蹲到地板上用手臂保护头和颈，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：文章第①段总述地震随时可能发生，下文将给出相关安全指引，第②③④段是三条并列的独立避险建议，属于“总领段+三个并列分述段”的总分结构，对应选项A的示意图。
4. 第4题：全文围绕地震发生前后的安全避险方法展开，A选项“地震的成因”文中未提及，B选项“个人地震应急包”只是文中局部内容，C选项“不同种类的地震”文中未提及，只有D选项“地震期间如何保证安全？”能完整概括全文主旨。
5. 第5题：本文是地震安全科普内容，最可能出现在安全指南中，新闻报道、历史书、故事书都不符合文本属性，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测，细节信息定位，文章结构分析
【点评】
本题属于基础难度的说明文阅读理解，覆盖了中小学英语阅读所有常见的基础考点，大部分题目只要准确定位原文就能直接得到答案，仅文章结构题需要学生具备梳理文本逻辑的能力，少数逻辑梳理能力弱的学生容易在这里出错。
【难度系数】
0.7
