二、根据短文完成思维导图。
In 2024, Chongqing experienced a
long-lasting heatwave, with temperatures
reaching over 40℃ for weeks. This
unusually hot weather caused serious
problems. Many people, especially the
old and children, got heatstroke(中暑)
easily. The dry conditions also led to
wildfires in nearby forests, destroying
(摧毁)trees and homes of some people.
It was difficult for animals and plants to
survive because there was little water.
However, the hot weather helped some
farmers by quickly drying their wet crops
after the harvest(收割).

In 2024, Chongqing experienced a
long-lasting heatwave, with temperatures
reaching over 40℃ for weeks. This
unusually hot weather caused serious
problems. Many people, especially the
old and children, got heatstroke(中暑)
easily. The dry conditions also led to
wildfires in nearby forests, destroying
(摧毁)trees and homes of some people.
It was difficult for animals and plants to
survive because there was little water.
However, the hot weather helped some
farmers by quickly drying their wet crops
after the harvest(收割).
答案
二、1. heatwave 2. heatstroke
3. wildfires 4. harmed
5. dry wet crops
3. wildfires 4. harmed
5. dry wet crops
解析
【分析】
本题要求根据短文内容补全思维导图,需先明确思维导图结构:左侧为“Cause(原因)”,右侧为对应结果。解题思路为:1. 定位短文开头关键信息,找到长期原因对应第1空;2. 逐个匹配右侧结果的描述,从短文中提取对应内容,理清因果关系,完成所有空格填写。
【解析】
1. 短文开头提到“long-lasting heatwave”,对应思维导图左侧“A long-lasting 1.”,故1填heatwave;
2. 短文提到“Many people... got heatstroke easily”,对应“High temperatures caused 2. in many people.”,故2填heatstroke;
3. 短文提到“The dry conditions also led to wildfires...”,对应“Dry weather led to 3.”,故3填wildfires;
4. 短文提到“It was difficult for animals and plants to survive because there was little water”,说明缺水伤害了动植物,对应“Lack of water 4. animals and plants.”,故4填harmed;
5. 短文提到“the hot weather helped some farmers by quickly drying their wet crops after the harvest”,对应“Hot weather helped 5.”,故5填dry wet crops。
【答案】
1. heatwave 2. heatstroke 3. wildfires 4. harmed 5. dry wet crops
【知识点】
阅读理解, 词汇运用
【点评】
本题考查学生提取短文关键信息的能力,需理清因果关系,匹配短文内容与思维导图空格,难度适中,属于基础信息匹配类题目。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题要求根据短文内容补全思维导图,需先明确思维导图结构:左侧为“Cause(原因)”,右侧为对应结果。解题思路为:1. 定位短文开头关键信息,找到长期原因对应第1空;2. 逐个匹配右侧结果的描述,从短文中提取对应内容,理清因果关系,完成所有空格填写。
【解析】
1. 短文开头提到“long-lasting heatwave”,对应思维导图左侧“A long-lasting 1.”,故1填heatwave;
2. 短文提到“Many people... got heatstroke easily”,对应“High temperatures caused 2. in many people.”,故2填heatstroke;
3. 短文提到“The dry conditions also led to wildfires...”,对应“Dry weather led to 3.”,故3填wildfires;
4. 短文提到“It was difficult for animals and plants to survive because there was little water”,说明缺水伤害了动植物,对应“Lack of water 4. animals and plants.”,故4填harmed;
5. 短文提到“the hot weather helped some farmers by quickly drying their wet crops after the harvest”,对应“Hot weather helped 5.”,故5填dry wet crops。
【答案】
1. heatwave 2. heatstroke 3. wildfires 4. harmed 5. dry wet crops
【知识点】
阅读理解, 词汇运用
【点评】
本题考查学生提取短文关键信息的能力,需理清因果关系,匹配短文内容与思维导图空格,难度适中,属于基础信息匹配类题目。
【难度系数】
0.5
一、根据句意,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Is it right
under a strong desk when an
earthquake happens?
2. Some wild animals are in
3. Be careful of the
( insect) after a flood because
they can spread diseases.
4. Sometimes heavy rainfall can be
5. We should keep the
( safe) tips in mind all the time.
1. Is it right
to hide
(hide)under a strong desk when an
earthquake happens?
2. Some wild animals are in
danger
(dangerous) now.3. Be careful of the
insects
( insect) after a flood because
they can spread diseases.
4. Sometimes heavy rainfall can be
harmful
(harm) to farmlands.5. We should keep the
safety
( safe) tips in mind all the time.
答案
一、1. to hide 2. danger 3. insects
4. harmful 5. safety
4. harmful 5. safety
解析
【分析】
本题为英语词性转换填空题,需结合固定句型、短语及词性变化规则解题:
1. 第1题考查固定句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”,it为形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式;
2. 第2题考查固定短语“in danger”,需用名词形式;
3. 第3题考查可数名词复数,此处泛指一类昆虫,需用复数;
4. 第4题考查固定搭配“be harmful to”,需用形容词形式;
5. 第5题考查名词作定语,需用名词修饰名词构成固定短语。
【解析】
1. 固定句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”中,真正主语为动词不定式,故填to hide;
2. 固定短语“in danger”意为“处于危险中”,介词in后接名词,故填danger;
3. insect是可数名词,此处泛指昆虫这类事物,需用复数形式,故填insects;
4. 固定搭配“be harmful to”意为“对……有害”,be动词后需接形容词,故填harmful;
5. 此处需用名词作定语修饰名词tips,safety为名词,构成固定短语safety tips(安全提示),故填safety。
【答案】
1. to hide 2. danger 3. insects 4. harmful 5. safety
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、名词复数
【点评】
本题为英语基础词性转换题,主要考查常见固定句型、短语及词性变化的运用,知识点基础,适合巩固英语词性运用的基础能力,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3
本题为英语词性转换填空题,需结合固定句型、短语及词性变化规则解题:
1. 第1题考查固定句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”,it为形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式;
2. 第2题考查固定短语“in danger”,需用名词形式;
3. 第3题考查可数名词复数,此处泛指一类昆虫,需用复数;
4. 第4题考查固定搭配“be harmful to”,需用形容词形式;
5. 第5题考查名词作定语,需用名词修饰名词构成固定短语。
【解析】
1. 固定句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”中,真正主语为动词不定式,故填to hide;
2. 固定短语“in danger”意为“处于危险中”,介词in后接名词,故填danger;
3. insect是可数名词,此处泛指昆虫这类事物,需用复数形式,故填insects;
4. 固定搭配“be harmful to”意为“对……有害”,be动词后需接形容词,故填harmful;
5. 此处需用名词作定语修饰名词tips,safety为名词,构成固定短语safety tips(安全提示),故填safety。
【答案】
1. to hide 2. danger 3. insects 4. harmful 5. safety
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、名词复数
【点评】
本题为英语基础词性转换题,主要考查常见固定句型、短语及词性变化的运用,知识点基础,适合巩固英语词性运用的基础能力,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3
二、根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 首先,当自然灾害来袭时我们
要保持冷静。
,
we should stay calm when natural
disasters hit.
2. 安全培训教我们在地震中如何
保护自己。
teaches us how to protect
ourselves in earthquakes.
3. 如果你在洪水中抓住一棵坚固
的树,它可能会拯救你的生命。
If you
a strong tree, it may
save your life.
4. 暴风雨后远离掉落的电线是很
重要的。
It's important to
the fallen
after a rainstorm.
5. 进入树林徒步之前,再次检查
你的应急包。
Check your
again before hiking
.
1. 首先,当自然灾害来袭时我们
要保持冷静。
,
we should stay calm when natural
disasters hit.
2. 安全培训教我们在地震中如何
保护自己。
teaches us how to protect
ourselves in earthquakes.
3. 如果你在洪水中抓住一棵坚固
的树,它可能会拯救你的生命。
If you
a strong tree, it may
save your life.
4. 暴风雨后远离掉落的电线是很
重要的。
It's important to
the fallen
after a rainstorm.
5. 进入树林徒步之前,再次检查
你的应急包。
Check your
again before hiking
.
答案
二、1. To begin with
2. The safety training 3. hang on to
4. keep off; power lines
5. emergency kit; in the woods
2. The safety training 3. hang on to
4. keep off; power lines
5. emergency kit; in the woods
解析
【分析】这道题要求根据中文意思完成英文句子,核心是匹配对应的英文固定短语和表达。解题时需先明确每个中文句子的关键含义,再回忆对应的英文常用搭配,同时注意句子的语法结构(如句首短语首字母大写、从句时态等),确保填写的内容符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】1. “首先”对应的英文固定短语是To begin with,置于句首,首字母大写;2. “安全培训”作为主语,英文表达为The safety training,首字母大写;3. “抓住”对应的动词短语是hang on to,在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时,主语为you,故用原形;4. “远离”是固定短语keep off,“电线”是power lines,组合为keep off; power lines;5. “应急包”是emergency kit,“在树林里”是介词短语in the woods,符合句子语境。
【答案】二、1. To begin with 2. The safety training 3. hang on to 4. keep off; power lines 5. emergency kit; in the woods
【知识点】固定短语搭配;名词短语;介词短语
【点评】本题考查日常英语中实用的固定表达,属于基础题型,需要学生积累相关短语并结合语境运用,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. “首先”对应的英文固定短语是To begin with,置于句首,首字母大写;2. “安全培训”作为主语,英文表达为The safety training,首字母大写;3. “抓住”对应的动词短语是hang on to,在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时,主语为you,故用原形;4. “远离”是固定短语keep off,“电线”是power lines,组合为keep off; power lines;5. “应急包”是emergency kit,“在树林里”是介词短语in the woods,符合句子语境。
【答案】二、1. To begin with 2. The safety training 3. hang on to 4. keep off; power lines 5. emergency kit; in the woods
【知识点】固定短语搭配;名词短语;介词短语
【点评】本题考查日常英语中实用的固定表达,属于基础题型,需要学生积累相关短语并结合语境运用,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
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