2026年预学与导学八年级英语下册人教版第111页答案
汉译英。
1. 蕴含丰富的传统与信仰
be rich in traditions and beliefs

2. 可怕的怪物
frightening monsters

3. 害怕……
be frightened of

4. 权力与好运的象征
a symbol of power and good fortune

5. 出现在姓名和成语中
appear in names and idioms

6. 龙的传人
the descendants of the dragon

7. 带来好运和财富
bring good luck and wealth

8. 在中国传统婚礼上
at traditional Chinese weddings

9. 好事成双
good things come in pairs

10. 长寿的象征
symbolize a long life

答案

1. be rich in traditions and beliefs 2. frightening
monsters 3. be frightened of 4. a symbol of power
and good fortune 5. appear in names and idioms
6. the descendants of the dragon 7. bring good luck
and wealth 8. at traditional Chinese weddings
9. good things come in pairs 10. symbolize a long life

解析

【分析】
这是一组围绕中国传统文化主题的汉译英短语练习题,解题时要优先选用课内所学的固定搭配和英语通用的地道表达,避免逐字直译产生中式英语:首先先判断每个短语的属性,区分是动词短语、名词短语还是介词短语;第二步匹配对应的固定搭配,比如表示“富含、蕴含丰富”直接用常用搭配be rich in,“……的象征”用固定结构a symbol of;第三步注意形容词的正确形式、名词泛指时的数的变化,比如修饰事物属性的“可怕的”要用-ing结尾的形容词frightening,多个可数名词表泛指时用复数形式;最后对于“龙的传人”“好事成双”这类中国文化专属表达,要使用约定俗成的通用英译,保证表达准确合规。
【解析】
我们逐个对照中文语义匹配地道的标准英语表达:
1. “蕴含丰富的”对应固定搭配be rich in,“传统与信仰”表泛指用复数形式traditions and beliefs,组合得到对应译文;
2. 修饰事物“怪物”的“可怕的”用-ing类形容词frightening,“怪物”表泛指用复数monsters,组合得到对应译文;
3. 表示“害怕……”的常用固定短语为be frightened of;
4. “……的象征”用固定结构a symbol of,搭配“权力与好运”power and good fortune,组合得到对应译文;
5. “出现”对应动词appear,搭配“姓名和成语”names and idioms,组合得到对应译文;
6. 文化专属表达“龙的传人”的通用标准译法为the descendants of the dragon;
7. “带来”对应动词bring,搭配“好运和财富”good luck and wealth,组合得到对应译文;
8. 表示在仪式类场合前介词用at,“中国传统婚礼”表泛指用复数weddings,组合得到对应译文;
9. 约定俗成的常用表达“好事成双”对应译文为good things come in pairs;
10. 此处“长寿的象征”作动词性短语,对应译文为symbolize a long life。
【答案】
1. be rich in traditions and beliefs
2. frightening monsters
3. be frightened of
4. a symbol of power and good fortune
5. appear in names and idioms
6. the descendants of the dragon
7. bring good luck and wealth
8. at traditional Chinese weddings
9. good things come in pairs
10. symbolize a long life
【知识点】
固定短语搭配;文化类英译;词性正确使用
【点评】
本组短语都是初中英语文化主题单元的高频核心素材,是单元测试、中考传统文化类题型的常考内容,同学们识记时要注意区分相近含义的不同词性表达,比如名词性的“a symbol of…”和动词性的“symbolize…”的用法差异,同时积累中国特色文化表达的标准译法,规避逐字翻译的中式英语问题。
【难度系数】
0.7
用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
1. The loud noise outside made the little girl feel very
frightened
(frighten).
2. It was a
frightening
(frighten) experience to walk alone in the dark forest.
3. A smile on her face
appeared
(appear) when she saw the birthday cake.
4. Many English words have more than one
meaning
(mean).
5. Hard work
means
(mean) success. To achieve your dream, you must work for it.
6. Good
luck
(luck)! I hope you'll win the game.
7. I fell off my bike.
Luckily
(luck), I wasn't hurt.
8. The old tree has been
dead
(die) for years.
9. His grandfather
died
(die) 4 years ago.
10. He put his own life in
danger
(dangerous) to save the child from the fire.
11. It's
dangerous
(danger) to swim in the river after a storm.
12. On the map, a red cross
symbolizes
(symbol) a hospital.
13. In many cultures, dragons are important
symbols
(symbol).

答案

1. frightened 2. frightening 3. appeared
4. meaning 5. means 6. luck 7. Luckily
8. dead 9. died 10. danger 11. dangerous
12. symbolizes 13. symbols

解析

【分析】
做这类词形转换填空题的核心思路是三步走:第一步先通读整句,根据空格在句中的位置、前后搭配判断空格处所需的词性;第二步结合修饰对象、时态标志、固定搭配等规则确定变形方向,比如修饰人感受用-ed结尾形容词、修饰事物属性用-ing结尾形容词,看到过去时间状语就用动词过去式,固定搭配要匹配对应词性;第三步最后代入变形后的单词核对语义是否通顺,就能得到正确结果。
【解析】
1. 空格在感官动词feel后作表语,修饰人the little girl的主观感受,frighten的形容词修饰人表“感到害怕的”,变形为frightened。
2. 空格修饰名词experience(经历,属于事物),要表达“令人恐惧的”属性,frighten的修饰事物的形容词形式为frightening。
3. 后半句从句的动词saw是一般过去时,主句动作也发生在过去,谓语动词appear要变为过去式appeared。
4. 结构more than one后接可数名词单数,此处需要表达“含义”的名词,mean的名词形式为meaning。
5. 句子表述客观真理,用一般现在时,主语Hard work是不可数名词,属于第三人称单数,谓语动词mean要变为三单形式means。
6. 常用祝福语固定搭配Good luck,此处需要填名词luck。
7. 空格放在句首修饰整个句子,要使用副词作状语,luck的副词形式为Luckily,句首首字母大写。
8. 句中for years表示持续一段时间,be动词后需要接可延续的状态形容词,die的形容词形式dead表“去世的”,符合延续状态要求。
9. 句中有过去时间标志4 years ago,时态为一般过去时,谓语动词die变为过去式died。
10. 固定搭配in danger表示“处于危险中”,此处需要把形容词dangerous变为名词danger。
11. 固定句型It's + 形容词 + to do sth.,此处需要把名词danger变为形容词dangerous。
12. 句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语a red cross是第三人称单数,名词symbol要先变为动词symbolize,再变三单形式symbolizes。
13. 句中be动词是are,说明后面的名词要用复数形式,symbol的复数为symbols。
【答案】
1. frightened 2. frightening 3. appeared
4. meaning 5. means 6. luck 7. Luckily
8. dead 9. died 10. danger 11. dangerous
12. symbolizes 13. symbols
【知识点】
词形转换,形容词辨析,时态判断
【点评】
本题是初中英语核心的词形转换基础题型,覆盖了同根词不同词性的句法功能、-ed/-ing形容词的用法区别、常见固定搭配、基础时态规则等高频考点,没有偏题怪题,适合用来巩固同根词变形的基础规则,帮助学生理清不同词性的使用场景。
【难度系数】
0.7
阅读理解。
Water Festival is celebrated in different places in the world. Let's take a look at how some Asian countries celebrate the holiday.
In China, Water Festival is a big holiday for minority groups(少数民族). During the festival, they have a few days off from work. People wear traditional costumes and take part in different activities, such as singing, dancing, splashing(泼洒) water and setting off fireworks.
Thailand's Water Festival marks the beginning of its New Year. It is one of the largest water celebrations in the world. This festival attracts more than one million visitors every year. People play happily with elephants in the water.
In India, the tradition of celebrating water came from the following story. A god asked a clever boy when the glory(荣耀) of men would appear. The boy answered that it appeared on the face in the morning, on the chest(胸部) at noon and on the feet at night. So, Indian people wash these body parts during their Water Festival to wash away their bad luck.
Myanmar(缅甸) people celebrate traditional water festival to welcome the new year. Young people usually do something good including helping elderly people wash their hair and cut their nails on that day.
(
D
)1. How many countries are mentioned to celebrate Water Festival?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
(
C
)2. Water Festival is celebrated by minority groups in
C
.
A. Thailand B. India C. China D. Myanmar
(
D
)3. According to the passage, it's not clear that
D
.
A. why to celebrate the festival
B. who celebrate the festival
C. where to celebrate the festival
D. how long the festival lasts
(
C
)4. Where can you most probably read the passage?
A. In a science report. B. In a food guide.
C. In a culture magazine. D. In a storybook.

答案

1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C

解析

【分析】
这是一篇介绍不同亚洲国家泼水节习俗的说明类阅读题,解题时遵循细节题回文定位、推理题结合主题判断的思路即可:首先先通读所有题干划出核心关键词,带着关键词回到对应段落找匹配信息,逐一比对选项排除错误项就能得到答案。第一题数提到的国家数量,逐段梳理出现的国家即可;第二题找少数民族过泼水节的国家,直接定位第二段内容;第三题要逐一核对四个选项的信息是否在文中出现,找出未提及的内容;第四题结合全文的文化主题判断文章的出处。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题:通读全文可以找到文中依次介绍了中国、泰国、印度、缅甸共4个庆祝泼水节的亚洲国家,因此答案选D。
2. 细节理解题:根据文章第二段第一句"In China, Water Festival is a big holiday for minority groups.",明确说明泼水节是中国少数民族的重要节日,对应选项C。
3. 细节理解题:逐一核对选项:A选项庆祝节日的原因,文中每个国家都介绍了对应的庆祝缘由;B选项庆祝节日的人群,每个国家都明确了庆祝的主体;C选项庆祝节日的地点,文中明确给出四个亚洲国家作为举办地;全文没有任何内容提及泼水节的持续时长,因此没有明确说明的是D选项。
4. 推理判断题:本文核心内容是介绍不同国家的泼水节特色习俗,属于民俗文化类内容,最有可能出现在文化杂志中。A选项科学报告和科技内容无关,B选项美食指南和饮食主题无关,D选项故事书不符合本篇说明文体裁,因此选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
阅读细节定位,文化常识推断
【点评】
本题属于节日文化类基础阅读题,考点以细节查找为主,难度较低,易错点集中在第一题容易漏数国家数量,第三题需要耐心逐一排查选项,排除文中明确给出的信息后就能快速锁定正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.8