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一、根据句意，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。
early, lucky, passage, final, hard
1. The rain poured
2. There are many
3.
4.
5. They decided to leave
early, lucky, passage, final, hard
1. The rain poured
harder
than we expected. We were all wet in minutes.2. There are many
passages
in the building, so it's easy to get lost.3.
Luckily
, Jack got out of the earthquake alive. That's really good news.4.
Finally
, we reached the top of the mountain after five hours of climbing.5. They decided to leave
earlier
than planned because of the storm warning.答案
一、1. harder 2. passages 3. Luckily
4. Finally 5. earlier
4. Finally 5. earlier
解析
【分析】
首先我们先梳理方框内给出的5个备选词的词性和常见变形：hard可作形容词/副词，lucky是形容词，passage是可数名词，final是形容词，early可作形容词/副词。接下来逐句分析：第一步先判断每个空格处需要的词性，再寻找句中的提示线索，比如than是比较级的标志词、many后接可数名词复数、句首用逗号隔开的成分通常是副词修饰整个句子，最后结合句意匹配对应词汇，再变换为正确形式即可，注意所有词只用一次，句首单词首字母要大写。
【解析】
1. 句中出现比较级标志词than，空格处修饰动词poured（倾盆而下），需要用副词，hard作副词时意为“猛烈地”，其比较级形式为harder，符合句意“雨下得比我们预想的更大，我们几分钟就全湿透了”，故填harder。
2. 空格前有many，many后需接可数名词复数，passage意为“通道、走廊”，复数形式为passages，符合句意“这栋楼里有很多通道，很容易迷路”，故填passages。
3. 空格位于句首，后有逗号隔开，需要副词修饰整个句子，lucky的副词形式是luckily，意为“幸运的是”，首字母大写，符合句意“幸运的是杰克在地震中活了下来，这真是好消息”，故填Luckily。
4. 空格位于句首，后有逗号隔开，需要副词修饰整个句子，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”，首字母大写，符合句意“经过五个小时的攀爬，我们最终到达了山顶”，故填Finally。
5. 句中出现比较级标志词than，空格处修饰动词leave，需要用副词的比较级，early的比较级形式为earlier，符合句意“由于风暴预警，他们决定比原计划更早离开”，故填earlier。
【答案】
1. harder 2. passages 3. Luckily 4. Finally 5. earlier
【知识点】
副词比较级，词性转换，名词单复数
【点评】
本题是基础的词形变换类选词填空题，核心考察学生对提示线索的敏感度，比如than、many这类标志性提示，易错点在于句首的副词容易忘记大写首字母，以及hard作副词表示“猛烈地”的用法容易和hardly混淆，整体属于巩固词形变化的常规习题。
【难度系数】
0.7
首先我们先梳理方框内给出的5个备选词的词性和常见变形：hard可作形容词/副词，lucky是形容词，passage是可数名词，final是形容词，early可作形容词/副词。接下来逐句分析：第一步先判断每个空格处需要的词性，再寻找句中的提示线索，比如than是比较级的标志词、many后接可数名词复数、句首用逗号隔开的成分通常是副词修饰整个句子，最后结合句意匹配对应词汇，再变换为正确形式即可，注意所有词只用一次，句首单词首字母要大写。
【解析】
1. 句中出现比较级标志词than，空格处修饰动词poured（倾盆而下），需要用副词，hard作副词时意为“猛烈地”，其比较级形式为harder，符合句意“雨下得比我们预想的更大，我们几分钟就全湿透了”，故填harder。
2. 空格前有many，many后需接可数名词复数，passage意为“通道、走廊”，复数形式为passages，符合句意“这栋楼里有很多通道，很容易迷路”，故填passages。
3. 空格位于句首，后有逗号隔开，需要副词修饰整个句子，lucky的副词形式是luckily，意为“幸运的是”，首字母大写，符合句意“幸运的是杰克在地震中活了下来，这真是好消息”，故填Luckily。
4. 空格位于句首，后有逗号隔开，需要副词修饰整个句子，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”，首字母大写，符合句意“经过五个小时的攀爬，我们最终到达了山顶”，故填Finally。
5. 句中出现比较级标志词than，空格处修饰动词leave，需要用副词的比较级，early的比较级形式为earlier，符合句意“由于风暴预警，他们决定比原计划更早离开”，故填earlier。
【答案】
1. harder 2. passages 3. Luckily 4. Finally 5. earlier
【知识点】
副词比较级，词性转换，名词单复数
【点评】
本题是基础的词形变换类选词填空题，核心考察学生对提示线索的敏感度，比如than、many这类标志性提示，易错点在于句首的副词容易忘记大写首字母，以及hard作副词表示“猛烈地”的用法容易和hardly混淆，整体属于巩固词形变化的常规习题。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、阅读理解。
Lei Lei gets excited when thunder roars. While most kids cover their ears during storms, the 15-year-old boy stands by the window, watching the sky. "Each lightning is like a magic light!" he often says.
Since two years ago, Lei Lei has kept a weather notebook. He writes down when thunderstorms come and how strong they are. His dad bought him a small recorder to save the sound of thunder. Now he has recorded over 40 storms. He could tell how strong the storm would be according to the thunder.
One afternoon, Lei Lei noticed something strange. The thunder came short, and close together, closer than usual, and the wind was stronger. He thought of his new neighbour Uncle Wang immediately. Uncle Wang had a fruit farm. He had a bad hearing. Lei Lei ran to him. "Maybe you should cover the apple trees soon, Uncle Wang," Lei Lei said.
Uncle Wang didn't take it seriously actually. Still, he covered the trees with plastic cloth. To his surprise, that night, heavy rain and strong wind hit their village. Thanks to Lei Lei, all the apples were safe. "You saved my farm," Uncle Wang told him with a big smile.
Lei Lei is exceptional. His teacher invited him to talk about storms in class. "They can be dangerous, but if we watch carefully, we can stay safe," he said. Now many classmates join him in studying thunderstorms.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()1. Lei Lei got knowledge of thunder-storms .
A. by keeping a record
B. by learning the textbook
C. by asking his teacher
D. by listening to the radio
()2. Where did Lei Lei listen to the thunder?
A. Under the apple trees.
B. In the fruit farm.
C. In his classroom.
D. By the window.
()3. What does the underlined word "exceptional" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Really foolish.
B. Very bored.
C. Unusually good.
D. Especially beautiful.
()4. How did Uncle Wang's feelings change in the text?
A. Calm → surprised → thankful → happy.
B. Surprised → calm → happy → thankful.
C. Thankful → happy → surprised → calm.
D. Happy → calm → surprised → thankful.
()5. What's the best title for the text?
A. A clever boy.
B. A dangerous storm.
C. A garden protector.
D. A nature lover.
Lei Lei gets excited when thunder roars. While most kids cover their ears during storms, the 15-year-old boy stands by the window, watching the sky. "Each lightning is like a magic light!" he often says.
Since two years ago, Lei Lei has kept a weather notebook. He writes down when thunderstorms come and how strong they are. His dad bought him a small recorder to save the sound of thunder. Now he has recorded over 40 storms. He could tell how strong the storm would be according to the thunder.
One afternoon, Lei Lei noticed something strange. The thunder came short, and close together, closer than usual, and the wind was stronger. He thought of his new neighbour Uncle Wang immediately. Uncle Wang had a fruit farm. He had a bad hearing. Lei Lei ran to him. "Maybe you should cover the apple trees soon, Uncle Wang," Lei Lei said.
Uncle Wang didn't take it seriously actually. Still, he covered the trees with plastic cloth. To his surprise, that night, heavy rain and strong wind hit their village. Thanks to Lei Lei, all the apples were safe. "You saved my farm," Uncle Wang told him with a big smile.
Lei Lei is exceptional. His teacher invited him to talk about storms in class. "They can be dangerous, but if we watch carefully, we can stay safe," he said. Now many classmates join him in studying thunderstorms.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()1. Lei Lei got knowledge of thunder-storms .
A. by keeping a record
B. by learning the textbook
C. by asking his teacher
D. by listening to the radio
()2. Where did Lei Lei listen to the thunder?
A. Under the apple trees.
B. In the fruit farm.
C. In his classroom.
D. By the window.
()3. What does the underlined word "exceptional" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Really foolish.
B. Very bored.
C. Unusually good.
D. Especially beautiful.
()4. How did Uncle Wang's feelings change in the text?
A. Calm → surprised → thankful → happy.
B. Surprised → calm → happy → thankful.
C. Thankful → happy → surprised → calm.
D. Happy → calm → surprised → thankful.
()5. What's the best title for the text?
A. A clever boy.
B. A dangerous storm.
C. A garden protector.
D. A nature lover.
答案
二、1. A 根据"Since two years ago, Lei
Lei has kept a weather notebook."
可知,磊磊通过笔记识别雷雨。
故选A。
2. D 根据"stands by the window,
watching the sky"可知,磊磊在
窗前观察雷电。故选D。
3. C 由下文老师邀请他做演讲可知,
磊磊的表现是优秀的。故选C。
4. A
5. D
Lei has kept a weather notebook."
可知,磊磊通过笔记识别雷雨。
故选A。
2. D 根据"stands by the window,
watching the sky"可知,磊磊在
窗前观察雷电。故选D。
3. C 由下文老师邀请他做演讲可知,
磊磊的表现是优秀的。故选C。
4. A
5. D
解析
【分析】
这是一篇人物故事类阅读理解，解题时我们可以按照“先读题干划关键词→回原文定位对应内容→逐一比对选项排除错误项”的思路推进：细节类题目直接锁定题干对应的原文语句，匹配正确选项；词义猜测题要结合划线词前后的情节逻辑推断词义；情感排序题要顺着故事发展线梳理人物不同阶段的状态，匹配顺序；主旨标题题要抓住全文核心主线，排除片面的干扰项选出最贴合的答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Since two years ago, Lei Lei has kept a weather notebook. He writes down when thunderstorms come and how strong they are... Now he has recorded over 40 storms.”可知磊磊是通过长期记录雷雨相关数据获得雷雨知识的，B通过课本学习、C问老师、D听广播原文均未提及，排除错误选项后选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“While most kids cover their ears during storms, the 15-year-old boy stands by the window, watching the sky.”可知磊磊雷雨天站在窗边观察天空、听雷声，其余选项地点均不符合原文描述，排除后选D。
3. 词义猜测题：划线词“exceptional”出现在最后一段，后文提到老师特意邀请磊磊在课堂上分享关于雷雨的知识，还有很多同学跟着他一起研究雷雨，说明磊磊在观察自然这件事上表现格外出色，因此词义是“非同寻常的好”，A真的愚蠢、B很无聊、D格外漂亮均不符合语境，排除后选C。
4. 细节推理题：梳理王叔叔的情绪变化：一开始磊磊来提醒他盖果树时，他并没有太当回事，状态是平静的；当晚大风大雨来袭，他的果树全部安然无恙，他第一反应是惊讶；之后他知道是磊磊的提醒帮了大忙，内心十分感激磊磊救了自己的果园；最后他对着磊磊露出大大的笑容，状态是开心的，情绪顺序是Calm → surprised → thankful → happy，对应选项A。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕热爱观察自然、长期研究雷雨、还带动同学一起探索自然的男孩磊磊展开，A“一个聪明的男孩”表述太宽泛，B“一场危险的风暴”只是文中的小情节，C“果园守护者”只是其中一个事件，都不能覆盖全文核心，最贴合的标题是“A nature lover”，选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，主旨大意
【点评】
这篇人物故事类阅读难度适中，覆盖了中小学英语阅读理解常见的典型题型，解题核心技巧是所有选项都要从原文找对应依据，不能主观臆断，尤其要注意主旨类题目不能选择只覆盖局部情节的片面选项。
【难度系数】
0.75
这是一篇人物故事类阅读理解，解题时我们可以按照“先读题干划关键词→回原文定位对应内容→逐一比对选项排除错误项”的思路推进：细节类题目直接锁定题干对应的原文语句，匹配正确选项；词义猜测题要结合划线词前后的情节逻辑推断词义；情感排序题要顺着故事发展线梳理人物不同阶段的状态，匹配顺序；主旨标题题要抓住全文核心主线，排除片面的干扰项选出最贴合的答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Since two years ago, Lei Lei has kept a weather notebook. He writes down when thunderstorms come and how strong they are... Now he has recorded over 40 storms.”可知磊磊是通过长期记录雷雨相关数据获得雷雨知识的，B通过课本学习、C问老师、D听广播原文均未提及，排除错误选项后选A。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段“While most kids cover their ears during storms, the 15-year-old boy stands by the window, watching the sky.”可知磊磊雷雨天站在窗边观察天空、听雷声，其余选项地点均不符合原文描述，排除后选D。
3. 词义猜测题：划线词“exceptional”出现在最后一段，后文提到老师特意邀请磊磊在课堂上分享关于雷雨的知识，还有很多同学跟着他一起研究雷雨，说明磊磊在观察自然这件事上表现格外出色，因此词义是“非同寻常的好”，A真的愚蠢、B很无聊、D格外漂亮均不符合语境，排除后选C。
4. 细节推理题：梳理王叔叔的情绪变化：一开始磊磊来提醒他盖果树时，他并没有太当回事，状态是平静的；当晚大风大雨来袭，他的果树全部安然无恙，他第一反应是惊讶；之后他知道是磊磊的提醒帮了大忙，内心十分感激磊磊救了自己的果园；最后他对着磊磊露出大大的笑容，状态是开心的，情绪顺序是Calm → surprised → thankful → happy，对应选项A。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕热爱观察自然、长期研究雷雨、还带动同学一起探索自然的男孩磊磊展开，A“一个聪明的男孩”表述太宽泛，B“一场危险的风暴”只是文中的小情节，C“果园守护者”只是其中一个事件，都不能覆盖全文核心，最贴合的标题是“A nature lover”，选D。
【答案】
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，词义猜测，主旨大意
【点评】
这篇人物故事类阅读难度适中，覆盖了中小学英语阅读理解常见的典型题型，解题核心技巧是所有选项都要从原文找对应依据，不能主观臆断，尤其要注意主旨类题目不能选择只覆盖局部情节的片面选项。
【难度系数】
0.75
