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一、根据括号中的中文提示，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。
1. Here is her advice on using colours to
2. As usual，it's time to go to the sea to feed thousands of
3. The colourful
4. The factory has
5. Natural
6. In Hua's photos，many things can be found，such as the people who fight against
1. Here is her advice on using colours to
affect
(影响)our moods.2. As usual，it's time to go to the sea to feed thousands of
seabirds
(海鸟)there.3. The colourful
posters
(海报)on the wall are the products of a week's hard work by our group.4. The factory has
polluted
(污染)one third of the river water in the past three years.5. Natural
gas
(天然气)is widely used for heating and cooking in our neighbourhood.6. In Hua's photos，many things can be found，such as the people who fight against
desertification
(沙漠化).答案
1. affect 2. seabirds 3. posters 4. polluted 5. gas 6. desertification
解析
【分析】
做这类根据中文提示补全单词的题目时，首先不能直接照搬中文对应的单词原形，需要先通读整个句子，先判断所缺单词的词性，再结合句子的时态、主谓一致、固定搭配、限定词的修饰规则来确定单词的正确形式：比如看到不定式符号to后面要接动词原形，thousands of后面要接可数名词复数，现在完成时的has后面要接动词过去分词，be动词为are时主语要使用可数名词复数，介词后要接名词等，最后结合提示的中文含义写出符合要求的正确单词即可。
【解析】
1. 句子中空格前是不定式符号to，需要填入动词原形，中文“影响”对应的动词原形为affect，因此填affect。
2. 空前thousands of意为“成千上万的”，后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，中文“海鸟”对应的英文是seabird，复数形式为seabirds，因此填seabirds。
3. 句子的be动词是are，说明主语为复数，中文“海报”对应的英文是poster，复数形式为posters，因此填posters。
4. 句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“has+动词过去分词”，中文“污染”对应的动词过去分词为polluted，因此填polluted。
5. “天然气”的固定英文表达为natural gas，gas是不可数名词，直接用原形即可，因此填gas。
6. 空格前是介词against，后面需要接名词，中文“沙漠化”对应的英文专有名词为desertification，因此填desertification。
【答案】
1. affect 2. seabirds 3. posters 4. polluted 5. gas 6. desertification
【知识点】
单词拼写，词形变换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕常见生活、环保相关的语境考查核心词汇掌握情况，既要求学生能识记单词的中英对应含义，也要求学生结合基础语法规则判断单词的正确变形，避免出现只写对单词原形却因形式错误失分的问题，同时也涉及部分主题类专有名词的识记考查。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类根据中文提示补全单词的题目时，首先不能直接照搬中文对应的单词原形，需要先通读整个句子，先判断所缺单词的词性，再结合句子的时态、主谓一致、固定搭配、限定词的修饰规则来确定单词的正确形式：比如看到不定式符号to后面要接动词原形，thousands of后面要接可数名词复数，现在完成时的has后面要接动词过去分词，be动词为are时主语要使用可数名词复数，介词后要接名词等，最后结合提示的中文含义写出符合要求的正确单词即可。
【解析】
1. 句子中空格前是不定式符号to，需要填入动词原形，中文“影响”对应的动词原形为affect，因此填affect。
2. 空前thousands of意为“成千上万的”，后面需要接可数名词的复数形式，中文“海鸟”对应的英文是seabird，复数形式为seabirds，因此填seabirds。
3. 句子的be动词是are，说明主语为复数，中文“海报”对应的英文是poster，复数形式为posters，因此填posters。
4. 句子时态为现在完成时，结构为“has+动词过去分词”，中文“污染”对应的动词过去分词为polluted，因此填polluted。
5. “天然气”的固定英文表达为natural gas，gas是不可数名词，直接用原形即可，因此填gas。
6. 空格前是介词against，后面需要接名词，中文“沙漠化”对应的英文专有名词为desertification，因此填desertification。
【答案】
1. affect 2. seabirds 3. posters 4. polluted 5. gas 6. desertification
【知识点】
单词拼写，词形变换，固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕常见生活、环保相关的语境考查核心词汇掌握情况，既要求学生能识记单词的中英对应含义，也要求学生结合基础语法规则判断单词的正确变形，避免出现只写对单词原形却因形式错误失分的问题，同时也涉及部分主题类专有名词的识记考查。
【难度系数】
0.7
二、根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。
Recycling is good for the environment. It can also do good to a community in 1 (surprise)ways. Mateo Lange，15，knows this 2 (good). On weekends，you'll find him separating things like glass and plastic bottles into different groups in his hometown of Michigan，America，where he leads a community recycling programme.
Mateo started the programme in 2020. He was 11 and in 3 (six)grade，playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was new and needed money to travel to tournaments(锦标赛). Mateo 4 (suggest)a plan.
“There were cans and bottles always thrown around the road，”he tells *TIME for Kids*. In Michigan，these can 5 (collect)and changed for money. With his dad's help，Mateo started a bottle and can drive. It raised $7，500. “We built up so much money during just a few weeks，”he says. “So I said. ”“Why don't we keep this 6 (go)as long as we can?”Since then，his recycling effort 7 (raise)$350，000 and helped at least 50 local youth groups. It has also prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans from 8 (litter)the roadside and polluting Michigan's lakes and rivers. “It's kept our community much 9 (clean)，”he says.
Mateo believes everyone can—and should—be of service. “Just do a little bit 10 (help)make the world a little bit of a better place，”he says. “Be creative，”he adds. “Have an idea and build on it. ”
1.
6.
Recycling is good for the environment. It can also do good to a community in 1 (surprise)ways. Mateo Lange，15，knows this 2 (good). On weekends，you'll find him separating things like glass and plastic bottles into different groups in his hometown of Michigan，America，where he leads a community recycling programme.
Mateo started the programme in 2020. He was 11 and in 3 (six)grade，playing baseball with the Northern Michigan Cyclones. The team was new and needed money to travel to tournaments(锦标赛). Mateo 4 (suggest)a plan.
“There were cans and bottles always thrown around the road，”he tells *TIME for Kids*. In Michigan，these can 5 (collect)and changed for money. With his dad's help，Mateo started a bottle and can drive. It raised $7，500. “We built up so much money during just a few weeks，”he says. “So I said. ”“Why don't we keep this 6 (go)as long as we can?”Since then，his recycling effort 7 (raise)$350，000 and helped at least 50 local youth groups. It has also prevented more than 2 million bottles and cans from 8 (litter)the roadside and polluting Michigan's lakes and rivers. “It's kept our community much 9 (clean)，”he says.
Mateo believes everyone can—and should—be of service. “Just do a little bit 10 (help)make the world a little bit of a better place，”he says. “Be creative，”he adds. “Have an idea and build on it. ”
1.
surprising
2. well
3. the sixth
4. suggested
5. be collected
6.
going
7. has raised
8. littering
9. cleaner
10. to help
答案
1. surprising 2. well 3. the sixth 4. suggested 5. be collected 6. going 7. has raised 8. littering 9. cleaner 10. to help
解析
【分析】
这是一道短文型词形转换填空题，解题思路如下：首先通读全文，了解短文讲述的是Mateo发起社区回收项目的故事，把握整体时态基调；之后逐个分析每个空格前后的句子成分、搭配提示：先判断空格所需的词性，再结合时态、语态、固定搭配、特殊语法规则（比如序数词用法、比较级修饰词等），把括号内的原词转换为正确形式，最后代入通读验证短文通顺度。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词ways，需要形容词作定语修饰事物，surprise的形容词形式surprising表示“令人惊讶的”，符合语境，故填surprising。
2. 空格修饰动词knows，需要用副词，形容词good对应的副词是well，know this well表示“很了解这一点”，故填well。
3. 表示“六年级”要用序数词，序数词前通常加定冠词the，six对应的序数词是sixth，故填the sixth。
4. 故事发生在过去的2020年，句子用一般过去时，suggest的过去式为suggested，故填suggested。
5. 主语these指代易拉罐和瓶子，和动词collect是被动关系，前面有情态动词can，情态动词后接被动结构be+过去分词，故填be collected。
6. 固定搭配keep sth. doing表示“让某事持续进行”，此处表示让回收这件事一直开展下去，故填going。
7. 句中有现在完成时的标志词since then，主语his recycling effort是单数，现在完成时结构为has+过去分词，故填has raised。
8. 固定搭配prevent sth. from doing sth.表示“阻止某物做某事”，介词from后接动名词，故填littering。
9. 空格前有副词much，much专门用来修饰形容词比较级，表示“……得多”，clean的比较级是cleaner，故填cleaner。
10. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“做一点小事来帮助让世界变得更好”，故填to help。
【答案】
1. surprising 2. well 3. the sixth 4. suggested 5. be collected 6. going 7. has raised 8. littering 9. cleaner 10. to help
【知识点】
词形转换，时态辨析，固定搭配
【点评】
本题综合考察初中英语核心的词法句法知识点，覆盖了形容词副词转换、序数词、时态语态、非谓语动词、比较级等多个高频考点，需要学生结合句子成分分析和语境提示判断正确形式，能有效检验学生的基础语法掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一道短文型词形转换填空题，解题思路如下：首先通读全文，了解短文讲述的是Mateo发起社区回收项目的故事，把握整体时态基调；之后逐个分析每个空格前后的句子成分、搭配提示：先判断空格所需的词性，再结合时态、语态、固定搭配、特殊语法规则（比如序数词用法、比较级修饰词等），把括号内的原词转换为正确形式，最后代入通读验证短文通顺度。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词ways，需要形容词作定语修饰事物，surprise的形容词形式surprising表示“令人惊讶的”，符合语境，故填surprising。
2. 空格修饰动词knows，需要用副词，形容词good对应的副词是well，know this well表示“很了解这一点”，故填well。
3. 表示“六年级”要用序数词，序数词前通常加定冠词the，six对应的序数词是sixth，故填the sixth。
4. 故事发生在过去的2020年，句子用一般过去时，suggest的过去式为suggested，故填suggested。
5. 主语these指代易拉罐和瓶子，和动词collect是被动关系，前面有情态动词can，情态动词后接被动结构be+过去分词，故填be collected。
6. 固定搭配keep sth. doing表示“让某事持续进行”，此处表示让回收这件事一直开展下去，故填going。
7. 句中有现在完成时的标志词since then，主语his recycling effort是单数，现在完成时结构为has+过去分词，故填has raised。
8. 固定搭配prevent sth. from doing sth.表示“阻止某物做某事”，介词from后接动名词，故填littering。
9. 空格前有副词much，much专门用来修饰形容词比较级，表示“……得多”，clean的比较级是cleaner，故填cleaner。
10. 此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“做一点小事来帮助让世界变得更好”，故填to help。
【答案】
1. surprising 2. well 3. the sixth 4. suggested 5. be collected 6. going 7. has raised 8. littering 9. cleaner 10. to help
【知识点】
词形转换，时态辨析，固定搭配
【点评】
本题综合考察初中英语核心的词法句法知识点，覆盖了形容词副词转换、序数词、时态语态、非谓语动词、比较级等多个高频考点，需要学生结合句子成分分析和语境提示判断正确形式，能有效检验学生的基础语法掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6
