一、根据汉语意思写单词。
1. In the war museum, we see things in the past, such as clothes, shoes, and (枪).
2. The player made several perfect (开枪) and won a gold medal for his country.
3. Through hard training, he finally became a (冠军) in the Olympics.
4. She (力求达到) to finish the project by the end of this week.
5. The soldier (射击) carefully at the target in the distance during yesterday's training.

1.guns 2.shots 3.champion 4.aims 5.shot

【分析】
本题要求根据汉语意思填写合适的英语单词，需结合句子语境、名词单复数规则、动词时态等语法知识确定单词的正确形式。解题时，先明确每个空格对应的汉语词义，再结合句子中的关键词（如several、a、时间状语yesterday、主语人称等）判断单词的形式（单复数、时态），最终写出正确单词。
【解析】
1. 空格对应汉语“枪”，英文为gun；空格前有并列的复数名词clothes、shoes，故此处用复数形式guns。
2. 空格对应汉语“开枪”，英文为shot；空格前有several（几个），后接可数名词复数，故填shots。
3. 空格对应汉语“冠军”，英文为champion；空格前有不定冠词a，后接单数名词，故填champion。
4. 空格对应汉语“力求达到”，英文为aim；主语为第三人称单数she，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式aims。
5. 空格对应汉语“射击”，英文为shoot；时间状语为yesterday，句子用一般过去时，故填过去式shot。
【答案】
1.guns 2.shots 3.champion 4.aims 5.shot
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、名词单复数、动词时态
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，需结合语境和语法变形解题，是英语学习中的基础题型，适合巩固词汇和语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. Only by sticking to your dream can you gain and live a life. (success)
7. Though he in the match, he learned a lot from that . (fail)
8. He the match and became the yesterday. (win)
9. She several important calls because of the phone yesterday. (miss)
10. The school doesn't allow students (bring) phones to school because they may influence their studies.

6.success;successful 7.failed;failure
8.won;winner 9.missed;missing 10.to bring

【分析】
做此类单词适当形式填空题，需先分析句子成分，判断空缺处所需的词性；再结合时态、固定搭配等规则，确定单词的正确形式。例如：第6题中，动词gain后接名词作宾语，修饰名词life需用形容词；第7题第一空作谓语需用过去式，第二空用名词；第8题根据yesterday确定过去式，第二空用名词；第9题根据yesterday确定过去式，第二空用形容词修饰名词；第10题考查固定搭配allow sb to do sth。
【解析】
6. 第一空：动词gain后需接名词作宾语，success是名词，意为“成功”，故填success；第二空：修饰名词life需用形容词，successful是形容词，意为“成功的”，故填successful。
7. 第一空：从句缺少谓语，结合语境是过去发生的动作，用动词过去式failed；第二空：that后需接名词，failure是名词，意为“失败”，故填failure。
8. 第一空：句中yesterday表过去时间，谓语动词用过去式，win的过去式是won；第二空：the后需接名词，winner是名词，意为“获胜者”，故填winner。
9. 第一空：句中yesterday表过去时间，谓语动词用过去式，miss的过去式是missed；第二空：修饰名词phone需用形容词，missing是形容词，意为“丢失的”，故填missing。
10. 考查固定搭配allow sb to do sth（允许某人做某事），故填to bring。
【答案】
6.success;successful 7.failed;failure 8.won;winner 9.missed;missing 10.to bring
【知识点】
词性转换；动词时态；固定搭配
【点评】
本题为英语基础单词适当形式填空题，主要考查学生对单词不同词性的运用、动词时态的判断以及常用固定搭配的掌握，属于英语学习中的基础题型，难度较低，需学生牢记单词的词性变化和基本语法规则。
【难度系数】
0.3

三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
he raise target say two
11. The athlete his head confidently before the upcoming competition.
12. There is an old that practice makes perfect.
13. My cousin enjoys travelling to natural places to enjoy .
14. The players successfully hit all .
15. She is the student to finish the task and win the teacher's praise.

11.raised 12.saying 13.himself 14.targets
15.second

【分析】
解题思路：先明确方框内单词（he、raise、target、say、two）的含义与词性，再结合每个句子的语境、语法规则（时态、词性、固定搭配、数的变化、序数词等）选择合适的单词并变形。具体步骤：1. 分析第11题语境，确定用raise的过去式；2. 第12题需名词，选say的名词形式；3. 第13题用固定搭配enjoy oneself，对应he的反身代词；4. 第14题all后接可数名词复数，选target的复数；5. 第15题the后接序数词，选two的序数词。
【解析】
11. 句意为“运动员在即将到来的比赛前自信地抬起头”，短语raise one's head表示“抬头”，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去式，故填raised。
12. 句意为“有一句古老的谚语：熟能生巧”，old后需名词，say的名词形式saying表示“谚语”，故填saying。
13. 句意为“我的表哥喜欢去自然地方旅行，玩得开心”，固定搭配enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，he的反身代词是himself，故填himself。
14. 句意为“运动员们成功击中了所有目标”，all后接可数名词复数，target的复数形式是targets，故填targets。
15. 句意为“她是第二个完成任务并赢得老师表扬的学生”，the后需序数词，two的序数词是second，故填second。
【答案】
11.raised 12.saying 13.himself 14.targets 15.second
【知识点】
动词时态、反身代词用法、序数词用法
【点评】
本题考查词汇的适当形式填空，涵盖动词变形、反身代词、序数词等基础知识点，需学生掌握单词的词性变化与固定搭配，是英语基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

四、阅读理解。
Have you ever given up on something? Did you feel like you had tried your best? What if success was just around the corner? This is the story of a man who got the answers the hard way.
Years ago, a man named Johnson heard that there was gold in a certain area. He was excited and decided to try his luck. He bought some tools and began to dig. Day after day, he worked hard under the sun. Weeks passed, and he found nothing. But he did not give up. He kept digging, believing that he would find gold soon.
Months went by. Johnson became tired and discouraged. His money was almost gone, and he felt hopeless. One day, he decided to stop. He sold all his tools to another man and went back home, feeling like a complete failure.
The new owner looked at the hole Johnson had dug. He thought Johnson must have given up too soon. So he continued digging just three feet deeper. To his great surprise, he found plenty of gold.
Johnson had been only three feet away from success when he stopped. This story tells us that success often comes after the last try. Many people fail not because they are not capable, but because they do not persist. Difficulties are not meant to stop us, but to test our determination (决心). As long as we keep trying and never give up, we will finally reach our goals.
( ) 16. How does the writer begin the passage?
A. By giving an example.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By telling a story.
D. By asking questions.
() 17. Why did Johnson decide to stop digging?
A. Because he found some gold.
B. Because he wanted to sell his tools.
C. Because he met a new friend.
D. Because he felt tired and hopeless.
() 18. What does the underlined word "persist" in the last paragraph mean?
A. Keep on.
B. Give up.
C. Put on.
D. Give out.
() 19. What would most likely happen next if the story continued?
A. Johnson would come back and ask for his tools.
B. The new owner would become rich from the gold.
C. Johnson would start digging in another place.
D. The new owner would share the gold with Johnson.

16.D 17.D 18.A 19.B

【分析】
做这几道英语阅读理解题时，需先明确每道题的考查类型，再结合原文信息逐一分析：16题考查文章开头的写作手法，需定位原文开头的句子判断；17题是细节理解题，要找Johnson放弃挖金的原因，需定位原文对应段落的描述；18题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文逻辑推断单词含义；19题是推理判断题，要基于原文情节合理推断后续发展。
【解析】
16题：文章开头连续提出三个问句（Have you ever given up on something? Did you feel like you had tried your best? What if success was just around the corner?），因此作者通过提问开头，对应选项D。
17题：根据原文第三段“Johnson became tired and discouraged. His money was almost gone, and he felt hopeless. One day, he decided to stop.”可知，Johnson因疲惫、绝望决定停止挖金，对应选项D。
18题：最后一段提到“Many people fail not because they are not capable, but because they do not persist.”结合前文Johnson的故事（他因提前放弃错过成功），可推断persist意为“坚持”，对应选项A（Keep on）。
19题：原文提到新主人继续挖了三英尺就挖到了金子，合理推断他接下来会因这些金子变得富有，对应选项B。
【答案】
16.D 17.D 18.A 19.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕“坚持”的主题，考查了学生对文章写作手法、细节信息、词义及推理判断的能力，题目难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文定位关键信息即可解答。
【难度系数】
0.3