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Ⅱ. 语篇填空
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。
it scientist circle Earth to introduce prepare and safe the
Visiting Mars is my biggest dream. Scientists say this dream may come true in this century! Mars is the 1. red neighbour, about 225 million kilometres away on average.
2. for this trip, astronauts train for years. They learn how to live in a spaceship and use special machines like a lander(着陆器) to touch down 3. . Robots have already explored Mars, sending us photos of its rocky surface 4. ancient dry riverbeds.
On Mars, we might find signs of past life. 5. use computer programs to study the planet. A day on Mars is only 40 minutes longer than that on Earth, but 6. thin air makes breathing very difficult without a spacesuit.
I imagine(想象) standing on a Martian island of red sand, watching Earth shine like a bright star. This experience would help us understand our place in 7. universe. Maybe Mars 8. by thousands of people someday!
As an old saying expresses, “The stars belong 9. ______ everyone.” With hard work, my space 10. ______ could begin!
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。
it scientist circle Earth to introduce prepare and safe the
Visiting Mars is my biggest dream. Scientists say this dream may come true in this century! Mars is the 1. red neighbour, about 225 million kilometres away on average.
2. for this trip, astronauts train for years. They learn how to live in a spaceship and use special machines like a lander(着陆器) to touch down 3. . Robots have already explored Mars, sending us photos of its rocky surface 4. ancient dry riverbeds.
On Mars, we might find signs of past life. 5. use computer programs to study the planet. A day on Mars is only 40 minutes longer than that on Earth, but 6. thin air makes breathing very difficult without a spacesuit.
I imagine(想象) standing on a Martian island of red sand, watching Earth shine like a bright star. This experience would help us understand our place in 7. universe. Maybe Mars 8. by thousands of people someday!
As an old saying expresses, “The stars belong 9. ______ everyone.” With hard work, my space 10. ______ could begin!
答案
Ⅱ. 1. Earth's 2. To prepare 3. safely
4. and 5. Scientists 6. its 7. the
8. will be circled 9. to 10. introduction
4. and 5. Scientists 6. its 7. the
8. will be circled 9. to 10. introduction
解析
【分析】
本题为语篇填空题，需结合语境、词性变化、固定搭配及语法规则，从方框所给词中选择并变形填空。解题思路：1. 通读全文，理解文章关于火星探索的主旨大意；2. 分析每个空的句子结构，确定所需词性；3. 结合语境和语法要求，选择方框内的词并调整形式；4. 最终验证答案是否符合文意与语法规范。
【解析】
1. 空1：此处表示“火星是地球的红色邻居”，需用名词所有格修饰名词短语red neighbour，方框内Earth变为所有格Earth's。
2. 空2：此处作目的状语，表“为了准备这次旅行”，用动词不定式，方框内prepare变为To prepare，句首大写。
3. 空3：修饰动词短语touch down，需用副词，方框内safe变为safely。
4. 空4：连接并列的名词短语rocky surface和ancient dry riverbeds，用连词and。
5. 空5：此处作主语，表“科学家们”，方框内scientist变为复数Scientists，句首大写。
6. 空6：修饰名词air，需用形容词性物主代词，方框内it变为its。
7. 空7：固定搭配in the universe（在宇宙中），独一无二的事物前加定冠词the。
8. 空8：主语Mars是动作的承受者，结合时间状语someday，用一般将来时被动语态，方框内circle变为will be circled。
9. 空9：固定搭配belong to（属于），直接用方框内的to。
10. 空10：形容词性物主代词my后接名词，方框内introduce变为名词introduction。
【答案】
1. Earth's 2. To prepare 3. safely 4. and 5. Scientists 6. its 7. the 8. will be circled 9. to 10. introduction
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、名词所有格、动词不定式、副词用法、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查初中英语语篇填空的核心能力，需学生兼顾语境理解、词性判断与语法变形，是初中阶段常见的基础题型，能有效考查学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为语篇填空题，需结合语境、词性变化、固定搭配及语法规则，从方框所给词中选择并变形填空。解题思路：1. 通读全文，理解文章关于火星探索的主旨大意；2. 分析每个空的句子结构，确定所需词性；3. 结合语境和语法要求，选择方框内的词并调整形式；4. 最终验证答案是否符合文意与语法规范。
【解析】
1. 空1：此处表示“火星是地球的红色邻居”，需用名词所有格修饰名词短语red neighbour，方框内Earth变为所有格Earth's。
2. 空2：此处作目的状语，表“为了准备这次旅行”，用动词不定式，方框内prepare变为To prepare，句首大写。
3. 空3：修饰动词短语touch down，需用副词，方框内safe变为safely。
4. 空4：连接并列的名词短语rocky surface和ancient dry riverbeds，用连词and。
5. 空5：此处作主语，表“科学家们”，方框内scientist变为复数Scientists，句首大写。
6. 空6：修饰名词air，需用形容词性物主代词，方框内it变为its。
7. 空7：固定搭配in the universe（在宇宙中），独一无二的事物前加定冠词the。
8. 空8：主语Mars是动作的承受者，结合时间状语someday，用一般将来时被动语态，方框内circle变为will be circled。
9. 空9：固定搭配belong to（属于），直接用方框内的to。
10. 空10：形容词性物主代词my后接名词，方框内introduce变为名词introduction。
【答案】
1. Earth's 2. To prepare 3. safely 4. and 5. Scientists 6. its 7. the 8. will be circled 9. to 10. introduction
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、名词所有格、动词不定式、副词用法、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查初中英语语篇填空的核心能力，需学生兼顾语境理解、词性判断与语法变形，是初中阶段常见的基础题型，能有效考查学生的综合语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅲ. 阅读表达
Is there intelligent（有智力的） life on other planets? For years, scientists said “no” or “We don’t know”. But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers. They believe intelligent life is somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon communicate with them.
Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life is on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. “This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life,” say Shostak and Barnett. The other one is size—the universe is huge. “Tools like the Hubble telescope（哈勃望远镜） have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies,” says Shostak. “And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.” In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets—the size of Mars or Earth in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life.
Has intelligent life from space already visited Earth? “Probably not,” says Shostak. “It’s a long way away. However, intelligent life may contact us in other ways, such as sending radio signals（信号）. In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don’t have the right tools to receive their messages.”
1. What made Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett believe that there is intelligent life on other planets?
2. Which galaxy is Earth in?
3. Why is it possible to discover smaller planets in the universe now?
4. How may intelligent life contact us?
5. What do you think of intelligent life on other planets?
Is there intelligent（有智力的） life on other planets? For years, scientists said “no” or “We don’t know”. But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers. They believe intelligent life is somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon communicate with them.
Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life is on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old. “This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life,” say Shostak and Barnett. The other one is size—the universe is huge. “Tools like the Hubble telescope（哈勃望远镜） have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies,” says Shostak. “And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.” In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets—the size of Mars or Earth in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life.
Has intelligent life from space already visited Earth? “Probably not,” says Shostak. “It’s a long way away. However, intelligent life may contact us in other ways, such as sending radio signals（信号）. In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don’t have the right tools to receive their messages.”
1. What made Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett believe that there is intelligent life on other planets?
Time and size (of the universe).
2. Which galaxy is Earth in?
In the Milky Way.
3. Why is it possible to discover smaller planets in the universe now?
Because powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets.
4. How may intelligent life contact us?
By sending radio signals.
5. What do you think of intelligent life on other planets?
I think intelligent life on other planets may be friendly.（答案合理即可）
答案
Ⅲ. 1. Time and size (of the universe).
2. In the Milky Way.
3. Because powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets.
4. By sending radio signals.
5. I think intelligent life on other planets may be friendly.（答案合理即可）
2. In the Milky Way.
3. Because powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets.
4. By sending radio signals.
5. I think intelligent life on other planets may be friendly.（答案合理即可）
解析
【分析】这是一道英语阅读表达题，解题思路为：先通读全文明确各问题的核心关键词，再带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位信息，最后提取关键内容整理成符合要求的答案，第5题开放题需结合自身认知给出合理表述。
【解析】1. 定位到文章第二段，Seth Shostak和Alexandra Barnett认为存在外星智慧生命的原因是宇宙的时间（足够古老）和宇宙的大小（星系、恒星数量多），故答案为Time and size (of the universe)；2. 定位到第二段“our galaxy, the Milky Way”，可知地球位于银河系，故答案为In the Milky Way；3. 定位到第二段“But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets...”，可知能发现小行星的原因是强大的望远镜，故答案为Because powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets；4. 定位到第三段“such as sending radio signals”，可知外星智慧生命的接触方式是发送无线电信号，故答案为By sending radio signals；5. 为开放题，结合认知合理表述即可，如I think intelligent life on other planets may be friendly.（答案合理即可）
【答案】1. Time and size (of the universe).
2. In the Milky Way.
3. Because powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets.
4. By sending radio signals.
5. I think intelligent life on other planets may be friendly.（答案合理即可）
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解，开放表达
【点评】本题考查学生从阅读材料中提取信息的能力及主观表达能力，整体难度适中，需学生精准定位原文内容，开放题无固定答案，言之有理即可。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 定位到文章第二段，Seth Shostak和Alexandra Barnett认为存在外星智慧生命的原因是宇宙的时间（足够古老）和宇宙的大小（星系、恒星数量多），故答案为Time and size (of the universe)；2. 定位到第二段“our galaxy, the Milky Way”，可知地球位于银河系，故答案为In the Milky Way；3. 定位到第二段“But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets...”，可知能发现小行星的原因是强大的望远镜，故答案为Because powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets；4. 定位到第三段“such as sending radio signals”，可知外星智慧生命的接触方式是发送无线电信号，故答案为By sending radio signals；5. 为开放题，结合认知合理表述即可，如I think intelligent life on other planets may be friendly.（答案合理即可）
【答案】1. Time and size (of the universe).
2. In the Milky Way.
3. Because powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets.
4. By sending radio signals.
5. I think intelligent life on other planets may be friendly.（答案合理即可）
【知识点】英语阅读理解，细节理解，开放表达
【点评】本题考查学生从阅读材料中提取信息的能力及主观表达能力，整体难度适中，需学生精准定位原文内容，开放题无固定答案，言之有理即可。
【难度系数】0.7
