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四、将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入句中,每词仅用一次
1. These rules are
2. Every choice has its advantages and
3. We can learn many useful skills after school,
4. It's a good chance for us
5. The shelf is so high that the little boy can't
1. These rules are
meant
to help us study better and get along well with our classmates.2. Every choice has its advantages and
disadvantages
, so we should think carefully.3. We can learn many useful skills after school,
such as
cooking, swimming and drawing.4. It's a good chance for us
to take part in
different kinds of school activities.5. The shelf is so high that the little boy can't
reach
the books on it.答案
1. meant 2. disadvantages 3. such as
4. to take part in 5. reach
4. to take part in 5. reach
解析
【分析】
先通读句子理解句意，结合方框内词汇，根据句子结构、固定搭配及词形变化选择合适的词并调整形式，确保每词仅用一次。第1题需用到固定搭配be meant to do；第2题由and连接并列成分，需填advantage的反义词复数形式；第3题用于列举事例，用such as；第4题是固定结构it's a chance for sb to do；第5题情态动词后接动词原形，选reach。
【解析】
1. 句意：这些规则旨在帮助我们更好地学习并与同学和睦相处。固定搭配be meant to do sth表示“旨在，应该做某事”，此处需用mean的过去分词meant，故填meant。
2. 句意：每个选择都有优点和缺点，所以我们应该仔细考虑。and连接并列成分，前面是advantages（优点），此处需填advantage的反义词disadvantage的复数形式disadvantages，故填disadvantages。
3. 句意：我们放学后能学到很多有用的技能，比如烹饪、游泳和画画。such as用于列举事例，符合语境，故填such as。
4. 句意：这对我们来说是参加各种学校活动的好机会。固定结构it's a good chance for sb to do sth，需用take part in的不定式形式，故填to take part in。
5. 句意：这个架子太高了，小男孩够不到上面的书。情态动词can't后接动词原形，reach表示“够到”，符合句意，故填reach。
【答案】1. meant 2. disadvantages 3. such as 4. to take part in 5. reach
【知识点】动词形式变化；名词反义词；固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的运用，要求学生结合语境、固定搭配及词形变化选词填空，需注意每词仅用一次，是常见的词汇运用题型。
【难度系数】0.5
先通读句子理解句意，结合方框内词汇，根据句子结构、固定搭配及词形变化选择合适的词并调整形式，确保每词仅用一次。第1题需用到固定搭配be meant to do；第2题由and连接并列成分，需填advantage的反义词复数形式；第3题用于列举事例，用such as；第4题是固定结构it's a chance for sb to do；第5题情态动词后接动词原形，选reach。
【解析】
1. 句意：这些规则旨在帮助我们更好地学习并与同学和睦相处。固定搭配be meant to do sth表示“旨在，应该做某事”，此处需用mean的过去分词meant，故填meant。
2. 句意：每个选择都有优点和缺点，所以我们应该仔细考虑。and连接并列成分，前面是advantages（优点），此处需填advantage的反义词disadvantage的复数形式disadvantages，故填disadvantages。
3. 句意：我们放学后能学到很多有用的技能，比如烹饪、游泳和画画。such as用于列举事例，符合语境，故填such as。
4. 句意：这对我们来说是参加各种学校活动的好机会。固定结构it's a good chance for sb to do sth，需用take part in的不定式形式，故填to take part in。
5. 句意：这个架子太高了，小男孩够不到上面的书。情态动词can't后接动词原形，reach表示“够到”，符合句意，故填reach。
【答案】1. meant 2. disadvantages 3. such as 4. to take part in 5. reach
【知识点】动词形式变化；名词反义词；固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的运用，要求学生结合语境、固定搭配及词形变化选词填空，需注意每词仅用一次，是常见的词汇运用题型。
【难度系数】0.5
五、阅读理解
①Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing power of music.
②A recent study suggests that preterm(早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr Manoj Kumar of the University of Alberta, Canada, found that music had a beneficial effect on reducing pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical tests. It also appeared to benefit full-term babies during operations.
③ Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement-related problems. Music can help recover(恢复) from brain injuries. As a different and effective treatment, doctors often advise such patients to listen to good music to improve the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological(神经的) disorders hear a musical beat, it helps them to regain a balanced walk.
④Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non-musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70-year-old musician hears better than a 50-year-old non-musician, even in a noisy environment.
⑤Besides, music mends a broken heart. It is not about a thrown-away love, but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart attack or heart operation by reducing blood pressure, slowing down the heartbeat rate, and reducing anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular(心血管的) system.
(
A. Lead to. B. Increase. C. Prevent. D. Break into.
(
A. Because it can help patients recover in a slow way.
B. Because it helps make a person feel optimistic about life.
C. Because it has a positive effect on human body systems' work.
D. Because it can help people prevent diseases caused by anxiety.
(
A. Who Can Benefit from Music?
B. The Best Time to Listen to Music
C. The Way to Choose Quality Music
D. How Music Affects Our Mind and Body
(
A. ①—②—③④—⑤ B. ①—②③④⑤
C. ①②—③④—⑤ D. ①②③—④⑤
①Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on the brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all those amazing power of music.
②A recent study suggests that preterm(早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr Manoj Kumar of the University of Alberta, Canada, found that music had a beneficial effect on reducing pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical tests. It also appeared to benefit full-term babies during operations.
③ Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement-related problems. Music can help recover(恢复) from brain injuries. As a different and effective treatment, doctors often advise such patients to listen to good music to improve the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological(神经的) disorders hear a musical beat, it helps them to regain a balanced walk.
④Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non-musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70-year-old musician hears better than a 50-year-old non-musician, even in a noisy environment.
⑤Besides, music mends a broken heart. It is not about a thrown-away love, but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart attack or heart operation by reducing blood pressure, slowing down the heartbeat rate, and reducing anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular(心血管的) system.
(
C
)1. What does the underlined phrase "stave off" in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Lead to. B. Increase. C. Prevent. D. Break into.
(
C
)2. Why can music mend a broken heart?A. Because it can help patients recover in a slow way.
B. Because it helps make a person feel optimistic about life.
C. Because it has a positive effect on human body systems' work.
D. Because it can help people prevent diseases caused by anxiety.
(
D
)3. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Who Can Benefit from Music?
B. The Best Time to Listen to Music
C. The Way to Choose Quality Music
D. How Music Affects Our Mind and Body
(
B
)4. What's the right structure of the passage?A. ①—②—③④—⑤ B. ①—②③④⑤
C. ①②—③④—⑤ D. ①②③—④⑤
答案
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B
解析
【分析】
本题为阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意、文章结构四类题型，解题思路如下：
1. 第1题（词义猜测）：定位到第4段划线短语所在句，结合转折连词Though的语义逻辑，推断短语含义，匹配选项；
2. 第2题（细节理解）：定位到第5段关于音乐修复心脏的原因描述，对比选项选出符合原文的答案；
3. 第3题（主旨大意）：梳理文章段落内容，明确总起段与分述段的核心，提炼最佳标题；
4. 第4题（文章结构）：划分段落功能，判断总起段与分述段的结构关系，选出正确结构。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位第4段划线短语所在句“Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing.”，由Though表转折可知，前后语义相反，前半句说明音乐无法消除耳聋，后半句应表达音乐能“阻止”听力损失。选项A“导致”、B“增加”、D“闯入”均不符合语境，C“阻止”正确，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：定位第5段，音乐修复心脏的原因是“降低血压、减缓心率、减少焦虑，改善血液流动、扩张血管，促进心血管系统快速恢复”，即音乐对人体系统运作有积极作用。A“缓慢恢复”未提及；B“对生活乐观”表述片面；D“预防焦虑导致的疾病”不准确，故选C。
3. 主旨大意题：第①段总述音乐对大脑影响深远，第②-⑤段分别阐述音乐对早产婴儿、脑损伤患者、听力、心血管系统的作用，核心是音乐对身心的影响。A“谁受益”片面；B“最佳时间”、C“选音乐的方法”未提及，故选D。
4. 文章结构题：第①段为总起段，引出音乐的神奇力量；第②-⑤段为分述段，具体介绍音乐的不同作用，结构为①—②③④⑤，故选B。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意与文章结构
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解常见题型，需学生精准定位原文信息、结合逻辑关系分析，整体难度适中，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意、文章结构四类题型，解题思路如下：
1. 第1题（词义猜测）：定位到第4段划线短语所在句，结合转折连词Though的语义逻辑，推断短语含义，匹配选项；
2. 第2题（细节理解）：定位到第5段关于音乐修复心脏的原因描述，对比选项选出符合原文的答案；
3. 第3题（主旨大意）：梳理文章段落内容，明确总起段与分述段的核心，提炼最佳标题；
4. 第4题（文章结构）：划分段落功能，判断总起段与分述段的结构关系，选出正确结构。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位第4段划线短语所在句“Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing.”，由Though表转折可知，前后语义相反，前半句说明音乐无法消除耳聋，后半句应表达音乐能“阻止”听力损失。选项A“导致”、B“增加”、D“闯入”均不符合语境，C“阻止”正确，故选C。
2. 细节理解题：定位第5段，音乐修复心脏的原因是“降低血压、减缓心率、减少焦虑，改善血液流动、扩张血管，促进心血管系统快速恢复”，即音乐对人体系统运作有积极作用。A“缓慢恢复”未提及；B“对生活乐观”表述片面；D“预防焦虑导致的疾病”不准确，故选C。
3. 主旨大意题：第①段总述音乐对大脑影响深远，第②-⑤段分别阐述音乐对早产婴儿、脑损伤患者、听力、心血管系统的作用，核心是音乐对身心的影响。A“谁受益”片面；B“最佳时间”、C“选音乐的方法”未提及，故选D。
4. 文章结构题：第①段为总起段，引出音乐的神奇力量；第②-⑤段为分述段，具体介绍音乐的不同作用，结构为①—②③④⑤，故选B。
【答案】
1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意与文章结构
【点评】
本题考查阅读理解常见题型，需学生精准定位原文信息、结合逻辑关系分析，整体难度适中，适合中等水平学生作答。
【难度系数】
0.6
