三、语法填空。
Volunteer tourism means travelling somewhere to do charity work, and is 1. (see) by many people as a better and 2. (cheap) way to see the world. By choosing to volunteer during their vacations, people can do anything from teaching in Africa 3. protecting animals in South America.
Most volunteer travel 4. (program) are especially popular with younger travellers, but some groups like Doctors Without Borders bring people with certain skills to where they can help most.
Volunteers enjoy seeing new countries, 5. (get) to know the local people and culture, and helping with important projects. Volunteer tourism can also be 6. good way to learn new skills, and looks good on university and job applications. However, some people see problems with volunteer tourism 7. it can take jobs away from local workers and give them to people who may not have the 8. (train) and experience to really help.
Anyone who wants to try volunteer tourism should think 9. (careful) about how they can use their knowledge and skills to help others. It's also important to learn about the country they're visiting so that they can understand 10. (it) culture.

1. seen 2. cheaper 3. to 4. programs 5. getting 6. a 7. because 8. training 9. carefully 10. its

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题，需结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则逐一分析每个空格：1. 考查被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”；2. 与前文better并列，需用形容词比较级；3. 考查固定搭配“from...to...”；4. 由谓语动词are确定主语为复数；5. 考查固定搭配“enjoy doing sth”的并列动名词形式；6. 考查不定冠词的用法；7. 需用连词连接原因状语；8. 需用名词作宾语；9. 需用副词修饰动词；10. 需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。
【解析】
1. 被动语态：主语Volunteer tourism与see是被动关系，故填seen；
2. 并列比较级：由and连接，与better并列，故填cheaper；
3. 固定搭配：“from...to...”表示“从……到……”，故填to；
4. 名词复数：由后面的are可知主语为复数，program的复数是programs，故填programs；
5. 非谓语动词：enjoy后接动名词，与seeing、helping并列，故填getting；
6. 冠词：表泛指“一个好方法”，good以辅音音素开头，故填a；
7. 连词：后文解释前文问题的原因，故填because；
8. 词性转换：此处需名词作have的宾语，train的名词形式是training，故填training；
9. 副词：修饰动词think，用careful的副词形式carefully，故填carefully；
10. 物主代词：修饰名词culture，用it的形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
【答案】
1. seen 2. cheaper 3. to 4. programs 5. getting 6. a 7. because 8. training 9. carefully 10. its
【知识点】
被动语态、形容词比较级、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法的多个核心知识点，涵盖词性变化、固定搭配、句子结构等，需要学生具备扎实的语法基础，整体难度适中，适合巩固英语语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.6

划分语篇层次,内化图形组织器策略
图形组织器是各种逻辑关系图的统称,作为一种可视化学习工具,具有梳理逻辑启发思维的作用。图形组织器策略要求学生学会借助思维导图、表格以及鱼骨图等可视化工具来内化语篇信息。在英语阅读试题中,对图形组织器策略的考查往往指向对语篇组织形式的考查,即学生学会运用可视化工具梳理语篇内段与段之间的关系。解答这类题目时,我们应把握每一段的主题句,划分层次,再通过梳理与整合来内化语篇的组织形式。
例:① Indonesians love to celebrate. They believe that celebrating and eating together brings good luck. Let's party Indonesia-style.
② Would you be surprised to find a New Year's Day in March? Indonesians on the island of Bali are getting ready to ring in Nyepi, their New Year. It falls in March or April on the night of the new moon and is a symbol of a fresh start for the people and the island of Bali. On the eve of Nyepi, families and friends get together in the market. They carry a huge monster which is made of wood and other materials around the village three times.
③ After that, people set it on fire, hoping to drive out evil spirits. After Nyepi, a Turun Tanah ceremony begins in honor of a child's first steps. At the Turun Tanah, parents invite friends and family to a party to introduce the baby. They put different objects such as a bracelet（手镯）, a pen, a mirror or a toy computer around their baby. If the baby picks up a pen, he or she may be a writer. A child who picks up a gold bracelet may be rich.
④ While Turun Tanah celebrates the future of a family. Galungan celebrates its past, ancestors who have died return "home" during this ten-day celebration. And living relatives do their best to make them happy. Tall bamboo poles line the street. People attend the ceremonies and visit their family and village temples. Actors and dancers give performances that tell stories of good fighting against evil.
⑤ A year of festivals has come to an end. Don't worry: next year, Indonesia will be buzzing(嗡嗡声）again with celebrations, so welcome to the party!
Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A. ①②③④ ⑤ B. ① ②③④⑤ C. ① ③ ② ④ ⑤ D. ① ②③④ ⑤
【解析】 D。①采用寻读法快速阅读文章,找出各个段落的主题句。主题句通常是各段的首句或尾句,多为首句。该阅读理解语篇共有五段,第一段的主题句为段落的首句,介绍印度尼西亚人爱庆祝节日;第二段的主题句在段前,描述巴厘岛上的印尼人正准备在安宁日(Nyepi)敲响新年的钟声;第三段的主题句为段落的首句,介绍安宁日之后,要举办 Turun Tanah 仪式以纪念孩子成长的第一步;第四段的主题句为段落的首句,讲述 Turun Tanah 庆祝一个家庭的未来,而加隆安节(Galungan)祭祀家族的祖先;第五段的主题句为段落的尾句,讲的是一年的节日庆祝已接近尾声,来年印度尼西亚仍充盈着庆祝节日的欢声笑语。
②找到每段的主题句后,再划分语篇层次。不难看出,第一段是总起句,第二、三、四段列举了三个节日作为例证,第五段为总结升华段,表达作者的美好祝愿与号召,这是一个典型的"总—分—总"的逻辑结构。由语篇层次的划分可知,选项 D 较为合理。
练一练
① Chinese calligraphy（书法） was once considered an important part of the school curriculum（课程）. However, for many reasons, some people think it's less important to teach this art form at school now. In this article, I will look at both the pros and cons of learning Chinese calligraphy at school.
② One reason why Chinese calligraphy should be learned at school is that it is an important form of culture expression. Clearly, it is not just about practicing handwriting. It is also about connecting with a traditional Chinese art form. When students learn this art in class, they will become more interested in the works of famous Chinese artists.
③ Another reason is that it may help students to develop patience. At the times of high technology, students are getting less patient for traditional classroom learning. By introducing Chinese calligraphy into the classroom, students' patience can be improved because they have to practice focusing on each brush movement.
④ From the above, it can be seen that there are clear advantages. However, others think there are some disadvantages. The first one is that it has little to do with students' life. Living in a modern age, pens and paper will lose their importance by and by. So, wouldn't it be a backward（倒退的） step if students were asked to spend their valuable time at school learning Chinese calligraphy?
⑤ The second argument against learning Chinese calligraphy at school is that it takes a long time to master. The time at school is better spent on more important subjects. After all, learning Chinese calligraphy can always be done as an after-school activity if students are really interested in it.
⑥ In my opinion, the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. This special art form is one of China's national treasures. It also helps to enrich students' life and improve their sense of beauty. So without doubt, it is worth being included in the school curriculum.
1. Which of the following is the structure of the passage?
A. ①②③ ④⑤ ⑥ B. ① ②③ ④⑤⑥ ①② ③ ④ C. ① ②③ ④⑤ ⑥ D. ③ ④ ⑤⑥
2. What can we learn from the passage?
A. High technology can help students become more patient.
B. Students should spend more time on after-school activities.
C. Learning Chinese calligraphy gets more popular in the modern age.
D. Students may like art works better after learning Chinese calligraphy.
3. What does the writer probably think of learning Chinese calligraphy?
A. Important and necessary.
B. Valuable but backward.
C. Popular and interesting.
D. Meaningful but boring.

1. C 2. D 3. A

【分析】本题包含英语语篇结构分析、细节理解、作者观点态度三类题型，解题思路如下：1. 语篇结构题：先逐段定位主题句，梳理段落间逻辑关系，判断整体结构；2. 细节理解题：根据选项关键词定位原文对应内容，逐一核对排除错误选项；3. 作者态度题：查找文中作者明确表达观点的语句，提炼核心态度。
【解析】1. 语篇结构题：①段提出“讨论学校教书法的利弊”的核心话题，为总起段；②③段分别阐述支持学校教书法的两个理由；④⑤段分别阐述反对的两个理由；⑥段作者总结观点，为总结段，对应结构为①→②③→④⑤→⑥，故选C。2. 细节理解题：A项与原文“At the times of high technology, students are getting less patient”相悖；B项原文仅提及书法可作为课后活动，未说要多花时间在课后活动；C项原文未提到书法更流行；D项对应②段末句“they will become more interested in the works of famous Chinese artists”，正确，故选D。3. 作者态度题：⑥段作者明确表示“advantages far outweigh the disadvantages”“worth being included in the school curriculum”，说明作者认为书法学习重要且必要，故选A。
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.A
【知识点】英语语篇结构、细节理解、作者观点态度
【点评】本题考查英语阅读中语篇逻辑梳理、细节定位及作者态度判断，需掌握通过主题句划分语篇层次、精准定位原文信息的方法，难度中等。
【难度系数】0.5